The relation of local order to material properties in relaxor ferroelectrics

Krogstad, Matthew J.; Gehring, P. M.; Rosenkranz, Stephen; Osborn, Raymond; Ye, Feng; Liu, Yaohua; Ruff, Jacob P.  C.; Chen, W.; Wozniak, Justin M.; Luo, Haosu; Chmaissem, O.; Ye, Z. -G.; Phelan, D.

doi:10.1038/s41563-018-0112-7

Title: The relation of local order to material properties in relaxor ferroelectrics

Abstract

Correlating electromechanical and dielectric properties with nanometre-scale order is the defining challenge for the development of piezoelectric oxides. Current lead (Pb)-based relaxor ferroelectrics can serve as model systems with which to unravel these correlations, but the nature of the local order and its relation to material properties remains controversial. Here we employ recent advances in diffuse scattering instrumentation to investigate crystals that span the phase diagram of PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3-xPbTiO(3) (PMN-xPT) and identify four forms of local order. From the compositional dependence, we resolve the coupling of each form to the dielectric and electromechanical properties observed. We show that relaxor behaviour does not correlate simply with ferroic diffuse scattering; instead, it results from a competition between local antiferroelectric correlations, seeded by chemical short-range order, and local ferroic order. The ferroic diffuse scattering is strongest where piezoelectricity is maximal and displays previously unrecognized modulations caused by anion displacements. Our observations provide new guidelines for evaluating displacive models and hence the piezoelectric properties of environmentally friendly next-generation materials.

Authors:

Krogstad, Matthew J. ^[1];

^[2];

^[3];

^[4];

^[4]; Ruff, Jacob P. C. ^[5]; Chen, W. ^[6]; Wozniak, Justin M. ^[7]; Luo, Haosu ^[8];

^[1]; Ye, Z. -G. ^[6]; Phelan, D. ^[3]

Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Materials Science Division; Northern Illinois Univ., DeKalb, IL (United States). Department of Physics
National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD (United States). NIST Center for Neutron Research
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Materials Science Division
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Neutron Scattering Division
Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). CHESS
Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia (Canada). Department of Chemistry and 4D LABS
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Mathematics and Computer Science Division; Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States). Computation Institute
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai (China). Shanghai Institute of Ceramics

Publication Date:: Mon Jun 25 00:00:00 EDT 2018

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities Division; National Science Foundation (NSF); US Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research (ONR); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)

OSTI Identifier:: 1474571

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1465134

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; AC02-06CH11357

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Nature Materials

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 17; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 1476-1122

Publisher:: Springer Nature - Nature Publishing Group

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Citation Formats


                    Krogstad, Matthew J., Gehring, P. M., Rosenkranz, Stephen, Osborn, Raymond, Ye, Feng, Liu, Yaohua, Ruff, Jacob P.  C., Chen, W., Wozniak, Justin M., Luo, Haosu, Chmaissem, O., Ye, Z. -G., and Phelan, D. The relation of local order to material properties in relaxor ferroelectrics.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1038/s41563-018-0112-7.

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                    Krogstad, Matthew J., Gehring, P. M., Rosenkranz, Stephen, Osborn, Raymond, Ye, Feng, Liu, Yaohua, Ruff, Jacob P.  C., Chen, W., Wozniak, Justin M., Luo, Haosu, Chmaissem, O., Ye, Z. -G., & Phelan, D. The relation of local order to material properties in relaxor ferroelectrics.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-018-0112-7

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                    Krogstad, Matthew J., Gehring, P. M., Rosenkranz, Stephen, Osborn, Raymond, Ye, Feng, Liu, Yaohua, Ruff, Jacob P.  C., Chen, W., Wozniak, Justin M., Luo, Haosu, Chmaissem, O., Ye, Z. -G., and Phelan, D. Mon .  
"The relation of local order to material properties in relaxor ferroelectrics".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-018-0112-7.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1474571.

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@article{osti_1474571,

  title        = {The relation of local order to material properties in relaxor ferroelectrics},

  author       = {Krogstad, Matthew J. and Gehring, P. M. and Rosenkranz, Stephen and Osborn, Raymond and Ye, Feng and Liu, Yaohua and Ruff, Jacob P.  C. and Chen, W. and Wozniak, Justin M. and Luo, Haosu and Chmaissem, O. and Ye, Z. -G. and Phelan, D.},

  abstractNote = {Correlating electromechanical and dielectric properties with nanometre-scale order is the defining challenge for the development of piezoelectric oxides. Current lead (Pb)-based relaxor ferroelectrics can serve as model systems with which to unravel these correlations, but the nature of the local order and its relation to material properties remains controversial. Here we employ recent advances in diffuse scattering instrumentation to investigate crystals that span the phase diagram of PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3-xPbTiO(3) (PMN-xPT) and identify four forms of local order. From the compositional dependence, we resolve the coupling of each form to the dielectric and electromechanical properties observed. We show that relaxor behaviour does not correlate simply with ferroic diffuse scattering; instead, it results from a competition between local antiferroelectric correlations, seeded by chemical short-range order, and local ferroic order. The ferroic diffuse scattering is strongest where piezoelectricity is maximal and displays previously unrecognized modulations caused by anion displacements. Our observations provide new guidelines for evaluating displacive models and hence the piezoelectric properties of environmentally friendly next-generation materials.},

  doi          = {10.1038/s41563-018-0112-7},

  journal      = {Nature Materials},

  number       = 8,

  volume       = 17,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Jun 25 00:00:00 EDT 2018},

  month        = {Mon Jun 25 00:00:00 EDT 2018}

}

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Fig. 1: Compositional dependence of structure, bulk properties and sources of diffuse scattering of PMN-xPT. a, Structural phase diagram for single crystals of PMN-xPT as adapted from ref. ¹⁶. 'SRO R/M' refers to a region in the phase diagram where there is short-range rhombohedral or monoclinic order that is resolvablemore »

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Giant electromechanical coupling of relaxor ferroelectrics controlled by polar nanoregion vibrations

Journal Article Manley, Michael E. ; Abernathy, Douglas L. ; Sahul, Raffi ; ... - Science Advances

Relaxor-based ferroelectrics are prized for their giant electromechanical coupling and have revolutionized sensor and ultrasound applications. A long-standing challenge for piezoelectric materials has been to understand how these ultrahigh electromechanical responses occur when the polar atomic displacements underlying the response are partially broken into polar nanoregions (PNRs) in relaxor-based ferroelectrics. Given the complex inhomogeneous nanostructure of these materials, it has generally been assumed that this enhanced response must involve complicated interactions. By using neutron scattering measurements of lattice dynamics and local structure, we show that the vibrational modes of the PNRs enable giant coupling by softening the underlying macrodomain polarizationmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501814

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Real space mapping of polarization dynamics and hysteresis loop formation in relaxor-ferroelectric PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 PbTiO3 solid solutions

Journal Article Rodriguez, Brian ; Jesse, Stephen ; Morozovska, A. N. ; ... - Journal of Applied Physics

Polarization switching in ergodic relaxor and ferroelectric phases in the PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) system is studied using piezoresponse force microscopy, single point electromechanical relaxation measurements, and voltage spectroscopy mapping. The dependence of relaxation behavior on voltage pulse amplitude and time is found to follow a universal logarithmic behavior with a nearly constant slope. This behavior is indicative of the progressive population of slow relaxation states, as opposed to a linear relaxation in the presence of a broad relaxation time distribution. The role of relaxation behavior, ferroelectric nonlinearity, and the spatial inhomogeneity of the tip field on hysteresis loop behavior ismore »« less
Composition dependence of the diffuse scattering in the relaxor ferroelectric compound (1-x)Pb(Mg{sub 1/3}Nb{sub 2/3})O{sub 3}-xPbTiO{sub 3} (0{<=}x{<=}0.40)

Journal Article Matsuura, M ; Hirota, K ; Gehring, P M ; ... - Physical Review. B, Condensed Matter and Materials Physics

We have used neutron diffraction to characterize the diffuse scattering in five single crystals of the relaxor ferroelectric (1-x)Pb(Mg{sub 1/3}Nb{sub 2/3})O{sub 3}-xPbTiO{sub 3} (PMN-xPT) with x=0, 10, 20, 30, and 40%. The addition of ferroelectric PbTiO{sub 3} modifies the well-known 'butterfly' and 'ellipsoidal' diffuse scattering patterns observed in pure PMN (x=0), which are believed to be associated with the presence of randomly oriented polar nanoregions. In particular, the anisotropy of the diffuse scattering diminishes as the PT content increases. The spatial correlation length {xi} along the [110] direction derived from the width of the diffuse scattering at room temperature increasesmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVB.74.144107

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Title: The relation of local order to material properties in relaxor ferroelectrics

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The giant electromechanical response in ferroelectric relaxors as a critical phenomenon journal, June 2006

Recent progress in relaxor ferroelectrics with perovskite structure journal, January 2006

Role of random electric fields in relaxors journal, January 2014

Implementation of cross correlation for energy discrimination on the time-of-flight spectrometer CORELLI journal, March 2018

Local Ordering in Lead-Based Relaxor Ferroelectrics journal, June 2013

Effects of atomic short-range order on properties of the PbMg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 O 3 relaxor ferroelectric journal, November 2016

BZT: A Soft Pseudospin Glass journal, November 2013

Relationship between Local Structure and Relaxor Behavior in Perovskite Oxides journal, December 2007

The non-rhombohedral low-temperature structure of PMN–10% PT journal, September 2004

Cold neutron study on the diffuse scattering and phonon excitations in the relaxor Pb ( Mg 1 ∕ 3 Nb 2 ∕ 3 ) O 3 journal, November 2004

Diffuse scattering in relaxor ferroelectrics: true three-dimensional mapping, experimental artefacts and modelling journal, November 2011

Anisotropic Local Correlations and Dynamics in a Relaxor Ferroelectric journal, April 2013

Relaxor Pb ( Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) O 3 : A Ferroelectric with Multiple Inhomogeneities journal, November 2009

Glassy polarization behavior in ferroelectric compounds and journal, December 1983

Damped soft phonons and diffuse scattering in 40 % Pb ( Mg 1 ∕ 3 Nb 2 ∕ 3 ) O 3 − 60 % PbTiO 3 journal, February 2006

Assessing Local Structure in PbZn1/3Nb2/3O3 Using Diffuse Scattering and Reverse Monte Carlo Refinement journal, October 2012

Universal static and dynamic properties of the structural transition in Pb ( Zn 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) O 3 journal, March 2004

Diffuse phase transitions and random-field-induced domain states of the ‘‘relaxor’’ ferroelectric PbMg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 O 3 journal, February 1992

X-ray and neutron diffraction studies of the diffuse phase transition in ceramics journal, April 1991

Composition dependence of the diffuse scattering in the relaxor ferroelectric compound ( 1 − x ) Pb ( Mg 1 ∕ 3 Nb 2 ∕ 3 ) O 3 − x PbTiO 3 ( 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.40 ) journal, October 2006

Anti-ferrodistortive Nanodomains in PMN Relaxor conference, January 2003

Probing local polar structures in PZN- x PT and PMN- x PT relaxor ferroelectrics with neutron and x-ray scattering journal, September 2011

A structural model for the relaxor PbMg 1/3 Nb 2/3 O 3 at 5 K journal, October 1991

Evidence of decoupled lattice distortion and ferroelectric polarization in the relaxor system PMN − x PT journal, December 2003

Reassessment of the Burns temperature and its relationship to the diffuse scattering, lattice dynamics, and thermal expansion in relaxor Pb ( Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) O 3 journal, June 2009

Neutron and x-ray diffraction study of cubic [111] field-cooled Pb ( Mg 1 ∕ 3 Nb 2 ∕ 3 ) O 3 journal, August 2007

Mantid—Data analysis and visualization package for neutron scattering and μ SR experiments journal, November 2014

Powder neutron diffraction study of phase transitions in and a phase diagram of ( 1 − x ) [ Pb ( Mg 1 ∕ 3 Nb 2 ∕ 3 ) O 3 ] − x Pb Ti O 3 journal, July 2006

Electric-field-induced redistribution of polar nano-regions in a relaxor ferroelectric journal, January 2006

Finite-Temperature Properties of Ba ( Zr , Ti ) O 3 Relaxors from First Principles journal, June 2012

Diffuse Scattering from Lead-Containing Ferroelectric Perovskite Oxides journal, January 2013

Diffuse neutron scattering in relaxor ferroelectric PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 journal, January 2005

Three-dimensional mapping of diffuse scattering in Pb ( Zn 1 ∕ 3 Nb 2 ∕ 3 ) O 3 − x Pb Ti O 3 journal, November 2004

Expanding Lorentz and spectrum corrections to large volumes of reciprocal space for single-crystal time-of-flight neutron diffraction journal, March 2016

Do we need the Ether of Polar Nanoregions? journal, April 2012

Soft phonon columns on the edge of the Brillouin zone in the relaxor PbMg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 O 3 journal, June 2009

Synchrotron X-ray scattering study of lead magnoniobate relaxor ferroelectric crystals journal, October 1996

Phase diagram of the relaxor ferroelectric (1 − x )Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 + x PbTiO 3 revisited: a neutron powder diffraction study of the relaxor skin effect journal, November 2014

Corelli: Efficient single crystal diffraction with elastic discrimination journal, October 2008

Interpretation of the diffuse scattering in Pb-based relaxor ferroelectrics in terms of three-dimensional nanodomains of the ⟨110⟩-directed relative interdomain atomic shifts journal, July 2007

Neutron Diffuse Scattering in Lead-Based Relaxor Ferroelectrics and its Relationship to the Ultra-High Piezoelectricity journal, April 2012

Effect of polar nanoregions on giant electrostriction and piezoelectricity in relaxor ferroelectrics journal, June 2004

Neutron elastic diffuse scattering study of Pb ( Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) O 3 journal, February 2004

Correlations between nanoscale chemical and polar order in relaxor ferroelectrics and the lengthscale for polar nanoregions journal, August 2005

On short range ordering in the perovskite lead magnesium niobate journal, August 1990

Modeling of polar nanoregions dynamics on the dielectric response of relaxors journal, June 2013

Conformal Miniaturization of Domains with Low Domain-Wall Energy: Monoclinic Ferroelectric States near the Morphotropic Phase Boundaries journal, November 2003

Relaxing with relaxors: a review of relaxor ferroelectrics journal, April 2011

Single-crystal neutron diffuse scattering and Monte Carlo study of the relaxor ferroelectric PbZn 1/3 Nb 2/3 O 3 (PZN) journal, July 2005

The phase transition sequence and the location of the morphotropic phase boundary region in (1 x)[Pb (Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 ] xPbTiO 3 single crystal journal, January 2003

The effect of polar nanoregions on electromechanical properties of relaxor-PbTiO 3 crystals: Extracting from electric-field-induced polarization and strain behaviors journal, September 2014

Slush-like polar structures in single-crystal relaxors journal, June 2017

The origin of ultrahigh piezoelectricity in relaxor-ferroelectric solid solution crystals journal, December 2016

Anisotropic Local Correlations and Dynamics in a Relaxor Ferroelectric text, January 2012

The role of random electric fields in relaxors text, January 2014

Epitaxial Strain Control of Relaxor Ferroelectric Phase Evolution journal, April 2019

Large Piezoelectricity in Ternary Lead‐Free Single Crystals journal, November 2019

Local atomic order and hierarchical polar nanoregions in a classical relaxor ferroelectric journal, June 2019

Unexpectedly large energy variations from dopant interactions in ferroelectric HfO2 from high-throughput ab initio calculations journal, December 2018

Transparent ferroelectric crystals with ultrahigh piezoelectricity journal, January 2020

Heterogeneous integration of single-crystalline complex-oxide membranes journal, February 2020

Controllable anisotropic characteristics in solid solution ferroelectrics journal, January 2019

Mechanisms underpinning the ultrahigh piezoelectricity in Sm-doped 0.705Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -0.295PbTiO 3 : Temperature-induced metastable local structure and field-induced polarization rotation journal, August 2019

K-space algorithmic reconstruction (KAREN): a robust statistical methodology to separate Bragg and diffuse scattering journal, February 2020

Dielectric relaxation and local domain structures of ferroelectric PIMNT and PMNT single crystals journal, October 2019

Promoting luminescence of Yb/Er codoped ferroelectric composite by polarization engineering for optoelectronic applications journal, September 2019

Local atomic order and hierarchical polar nanoregions in a classical relaxor ferroelectric journal, June 2019

The giant electromechanical response in ferroelectric relaxors as a critical phenomenon
journal, June 2006

Recent progress in relaxor ferroelectrics with perovskite structure
journal, January 2006

Role of random electric fields in relaxors
journal, January 2014

Implementation of cross correlation for energy discrimination on the time-of-flight spectrometer CORELLI
journal, March 2018

Local Ordering in Lead-Based Relaxor Ferroelectrics
journal, June 2013

Effects of atomic short-range order on properties of the ${PbMg}_{1 / 3} {Nb}_{2 / 3} O_{3}$ relaxor ferroelectric
journal, November 2016

BZT: A Soft Pseudospin Glass
journal, November 2013

Relationship between Local Structure and Relaxor Behavior in Perovskite Oxides
journal, December 2007

The non-rhombohedral low-temperature structure of PMN–10% PT
journal, September 2004

Cold neutron study on the diffuse scattering and phonon excitations in the relaxor $Pb ({Mg}_{1 ∕ 3} {Nb}_{2 ∕ 3}) O_{3}$
journal, November 2004

Diffuse scattering in relaxor ferroelectrics: true three-dimensional mapping, experimental artefacts and modelling
journal, November 2011

Anisotropic Local Correlations and Dynamics in a Relaxor Ferroelectric
journal, April 2013

Relaxor $Pb ({Mg}_{1 / 3} {Nb}_{2 / 3}) O_{3}$ : A Ferroelectric with Multiple Inhomogeneities
journal, November 2009

Glassy polarization behavior in ferroelectric compounds and
journal, December 1983

Damped soft phonons and diffuse scattering in $40 % Pb ({Mg}_{1 ∕ 3} {Nb}_{2 ∕ 3}) O_{3} − 60 % {PbTiO}_{3}$
journal, February 2006

Assessing Local Structure in PbZn1/3Nb2/3O3 Using Diffuse Scattering and Reverse Monte Carlo Refinement
journal, October 2012

Universal static and dynamic properties of the structural transition in $Pb ({Zn}_{1 / 3} {Nb}_{2 / 3}) O_{3}$
journal, March 2004

Diffuse phase transitions and random-field-induced domain states of the ‘‘relaxor’’ ferroelectric ${PbMg}_{1 / 3}$ ${Nb}_{2 / 3}$ $O_{3}$
journal, February 1992

X-ray and neutron diffraction studies of the diffuse phase transition in ceramics
journal, April 1991

Composition dependence of the diffuse scattering in the relaxor ferroelectric compound $(1 - x) Pb ({Mg}_{1 ∕ 3} {Nb}_{2 ∕ 3}) O_{3} - x {PbTiO}_{3} (0 \leq x \leq 0.40)$
journal, October 2006

Anti-ferrodistortive Nanodomains in PMN Relaxor
conference, January 2003

Probing local polar structures in PZN- x PT and PMN- x PT relaxor ferroelectrics with neutron and x-ray scattering
journal, September 2011

A structural model for the relaxor PbMg _1/3 Nb _2/3 O ₃ at 5 K
journal, October 1991

Evidence of decoupled lattice distortion and ferroelectric polarization in the relaxor system $PMN - x PT$
journal, December 2003

Reassessment of the Burns temperature and its relationship to the diffuse scattering, lattice dynamics, and thermal expansion in relaxor $Pb ({Mg}_{1 / 3} {Nb}_{2 / 3}) O_{3}$
journal, June 2009

Neutron and x-ray diffraction study of cubic [111] field-cooled $Pb ({Mg}_{1 ∕ 3} {Nb}_{2 ∕ 3}) O_{3}$
journal, August 2007

Mantid—Data analysis and visualization package for neutron scattering and $μ$ SR experiments
journal, November 2014

Powder neutron diffraction study of phase transitions in and a phase diagram of $(1 - x) [Pb ({Mg}_{1 ∕ 3} {Nb}_{2 ∕ 3}) O_{3}] − x Pb Ti O_{3}$
journal, July 2006

Electric-field-induced redistribution of polar nano-regions in a relaxor ferroelectric
journal, January 2006

Finite-Temperature Properties of $Ba (Zr, Ti) O_{3}$ Relaxors from First Principles
journal, June 2012

Diffuse Scattering from Lead-Containing Ferroelectric Perovskite Oxides
journal, January 2013

Diffuse neutron scattering in relaxor ferroelectric PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3
journal, January 2005

Three-dimensional mapping of diffuse scattering in $Pb ({Zn}_{1 ∕ 3} {Nb}_{2 ∕ 3}) O_{3} − x Pb Ti O_{3}$
journal, November 2004

Expanding Lorentz and spectrum corrections to large volumes of reciprocal space for single-crystal time-of-flight neutron diffraction
journal, March 2016

Do we need the Ether of Polar Nanoregions?
journal, April 2012

Soft phonon columns on the edge of the Brillouin zone in the relaxor ${PbMg}_{1 / 3} {Nb}_{2 / 3} O_{3}$
journal, June 2009

Synchrotron X-ray scattering study of lead magnoniobate relaxor ferroelectric crystals
journal, October 1996

Phase diagram of the relaxor ferroelectric (1 − x )Pb(Mg _1/3 Nb _2/3 )O ₃ + x PbTiO ₃ revisited: a neutron powder diffraction study of the relaxor skin effect
journal, November 2014

Corelli: Efficient single crystal diffraction with elastic discrimination
journal, October 2008

Interpretation of the diffuse scattering in Pb-based relaxor ferroelectrics in terms of three-dimensional nanodomains of the ⟨110⟩-directed relative interdomain atomic shifts
journal, July 2007

Neutron Diffuse Scattering in Lead-Based Relaxor Ferroelectrics and its Relationship to the Ultra-High Piezoelectricity
journal, April 2012

Effect of polar nanoregions on giant electrostriction and piezoelectricity in relaxor ferroelectrics
journal, June 2004

Neutron elastic diffuse scattering study of $Pb ({Mg}_{1 / 3} {Nb}_{2 / 3}) O_{3}$
journal, February 2004

Correlations between nanoscale chemical and polar order in relaxor ferroelectrics and the lengthscale for polar nanoregions
journal, August 2005

On short range ordering in the perovskite lead magnesium niobate
journal, August 1990

Modeling of polar nanoregions dynamics on the dielectric response of relaxors
journal, June 2013

Conformal Miniaturization of Domains with Low Domain-Wall Energy: Monoclinic Ferroelectric States near the Morphotropic Phase Boundaries
journal, November 2003

Relaxing with relaxors: a review of relaxor ferroelectrics
journal, April 2011

Single-crystal neutron diffuse scattering and Monte Carlo study of the relaxor ferroelectric PbZn _1/3 Nb _2/3 O ₃ (PZN)
journal, July 2005

The phase transition sequence and the location of the morphotropic phase boundary region in (1 x)[Pb (Mg _1/3 Nb _2/3 )O ₃ ] xPbTiO ₃ single crystal
journal, January 2003

The effect of polar nanoregions on electromechanical properties of relaxor-PbTiO ₃ crystals: Extracting from electric-field-induced polarization and strain behaviors
journal, September 2014

Slush-like polar structures in single-crystal relaxors
journal, June 2017

The origin of ultrahigh piezoelectricity in relaxor-ferroelectric solid solution crystals
journal, December 2016

Anisotropic Local Correlations and Dynamics in a Relaxor Ferroelectric
text, January 2012

The role of random electric fields in relaxors
text, January 2014

Epitaxial Strain Control of Relaxor Ferroelectric Phase Evolution
journal, April 2019

Large Piezoelectricity in Ternary Lead‐Free Single Crystals
journal, November 2019

Local atomic order and hierarchical polar nanoregions in a classical relaxor ferroelectric
journal, June 2019

Unexpectedly large energy variations from dopant interactions in ferroelectric HfO2 from high-throughput ab initio calculations
journal, December 2018

Transparent ferroelectric crystals with ultrahigh piezoelectricity
journal, January 2020

Heterogeneous integration of single-crystalline complex-oxide membranes
journal, February 2020

Controllable anisotropic characteristics in solid solution ferroelectrics
journal, January 2019

Mechanisms underpinning the ultrahigh piezoelectricity in Sm-doped 0.705Pb(Mg _1/3 Nb _2/3 )O ₃ -0.295PbTiO ₃ : Temperature-induced metastable local structure and field-induced polarization rotation
journal, August 2019

K-space algorithmic reconstruction (KAREN): a robust statistical methodology to separate Bragg and diffuse scattering
journal, February 2020

Dielectric relaxation and local domain structures of ferroelectric PIMNT and PMNT single crystals
journal, October 2019

Promoting luminescence of Yb/Er codoped ferroelectric composite by polarization engineering for optoelectronic applications
journal, September 2019

Local atomic order and hierarchical polar nanoregions in a classical relaxor ferroelectric
journal, June 2019