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Title: Observations of Manaus urban plume evolution and interaction with biogenic emissions in GoAmazon 2014/5

Abstract

As part of the Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon 2014/5) Experiment, detailed aerosol and trace gas measurements were conducted near Manaus, a metropolis located in the central Amazon Basin. Measurements of aerosol particles and trace gases were done downwind Manaus at the sites T2 (Tiwa Hotel) and T3 (Manacapuru), at a distance of 8 and 70km from Manaus, respectively. Based on in-plume measurements closer to Manaus (site T2), the chemical signatures of city emissions were used to improve the interpretation of pollutant levels at the T3 site. We derived chemical and physical properties for the city's atmospheric emission ensemble, taking into account only air masses impacted by the Manaus plume at both sites, during the wet and dry season Intensive Operating Periods (IOPs). At T2, average concentrations of aerosol number (CN), CO and SO2 were 5500 cm-3 (between 10 and 490 nm), 145 ppb and 0.60 ppb, respectively, with a typical ratio ΔCN/ΔCO of 60–130 particles cm-3 ppb-1. The aerosol scattering (at RH < 60%) and absorption at 637 nm at T2 ranged from 10 to 50 M m-1 and 5–10 M m-1, respectively, leading to a mean single scattering albedo (SSA) of 0.70. In additionmore » to identifying periods dominated by Manaus emissions at both T2 and T3, the plume transport between the two sampling sites was studied using back trajectory calculations. Results show that the presence of the Manaus plume at site T3 was important mainly during the daytime and at the end of the afternoons. During time periods directly impacted by Manaus emissions, an average aerosol number concentration of 3200 cm-3 was measured at T3. Analysis of plume evolution between T2 and T3 indicates a transport time of 4–5 h. Changes of submicron organic and sulfate aerosols ratios relative to CO (ΔOA/ΔCO and ΔSO4/ΔCO, respectively) indicate significant production of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), corresponding to a 40% mass increase in OA and a 30% in SO4 mass concentration. Similarly, during air mass arrival at T3 the SSA increased to 0.83 from 0.70 at T2, mainly associated with an increase in organic aerosol concentration. Aerosol particle size distributions show a strong decrease in the Aitken nuclei mode (10–100nm) during the transport from T2 to T3, in particular above 30 nm, as a result of efficient coagulation processes into larger particles. A decrease of 30% in the particle number concentration and an increase of about 50 nm in geometric mean diameter were observed from T2 to T3 sites. The study of the evolution of aerosol properties downwind of the city of Manaus improves our understanding of how coupling of anthropogenic and biogenic sources may be impacting the sensitive Amazonian atmosphere.« less

Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
OSTI Identifier:
1464845
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1483485
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0016559
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Atmospheric Environment (1994)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Atmospheric Environment (1994) Journal Volume: 191 Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 1352-2310
Publisher:
Elsevier
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; GoAmazon; Plume aging; Aerosol; Manaus; Tropical forest; Urban pollution

Citation Formats

Cirino, Glauber, Brito, Joel, Barbosa, Henrique M. J., Rizzo, Luciana V., Tunved, Peter, de Sá, Suzane S., Jimenez, Jose L., Palm, Brett B., Carbone, Samara, Lavric, Jost V., Souza, Rodrigo A. F., Wolff, Stefan, Walter, David, Tota, Júlio, Oliveira, Maria B. L., Martin, Scot T., and Artaxo, Paulo. Observations of Manaus urban plume evolution and interaction with biogenic emissions in GoAmazon 2014/5. United Kingdom: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.08.031.
Cirino, Glauber, Brito, Joel, Barbosa, Henrique M. J., Rizzo, Luciana V., Tunved, Peter, de Sá, Suzane S., Jimenez, Jose L., Palm, Brett B., Carbone, Samara, Lavric, Jost V., Souza, Rodrigo A. F., Wolff, Stefan, Walter, David, Tota, Júlio, Oliveira, Maria B. L., Martin, Scot T., & Artaxo, Paulo. Observations of Manaus urban plume evolution and interaction with biogenic emissions in GoAmazon 2014/5. United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.08.031
Cirino, Glauber, Brito, Joel, Barbosa, Henrique M. J., Rizzo, Luciana V., Tunved, Peter, de Sá, Suzane S., Jimenez, Jose L., Palm, Brett B., Carbone, Samara, Lavric, Jost V., Souza, Rodrigo A. F., Wolff, Stefan, Walter, David, Tota, Júlio, Oliveira, Maria B. L., Martin, Scot T., and Artaxo, Paulo. Mon . "Observations of Manaus urban plume evolution and interaction with biogenic emissions in GoAmazon 2014/5". United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.08.031.
@article{osti_1464845,
title = {Observations of Manaus urban plume evolution and interaction with biogenic emissions in GoAmazon 2014/5},
author = {Cirino, Glauber and Brito, Joel and Barbosa, Henrique M. J. and Rizzo, Luciana V. and Tunved, Peter and de Sá, Suzane S. and Jimenez, Jose L. and Palm, Brett B. and Carbone, Samara and Lavric, Jost V. and Souza, Rodrigo A. F. and Wolff, Stefan and Walter, David and Tota, Júlio and Oliveira, Maria B. L. and Martin, Scot T. and Artaxo, Paulo},
abstractNote = {As part of the Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon 2014/5) Experiment, detailed aerosol and trace gas measurements were conducted near Manaus, a metropolis located in the central Amazon Basin. Measurements of aerosol particles and trace gases were done downwind Manaus at the sites T2 (Tiwa Hotel) and T3 (Manacapuru), at a distance of 8 and 70km from Manaus, respectively. Based on in-plume measurements closer to Manaus (site T2), the chemical signatures of city emissions were used to improve the interpretation of pollutant levels at the T3 site. We derived chemical and physical properties for the city's atmospheric emission ensemble, taking into account only air masses impacted by the Manaus plume at both sites, during the wet and dry season Intensive Operating Periods (IOPs). At T2, average concentrations of aerosol number (CN), CO and SO2 were 5500 cm-3 (between 10 and 490 nm), 145 ppb and 0.60 ppb, respectively, with a typical ratio ΔCN/ΔCO of 60–130 particles cm-3 ppb-1. The aerosol scattering (at RH < 60%) and absorption at 637 nm at T2 ranged from 10 to 50 M m-1 and 5–10 M m-1, respectively, leading to a mean single scattering albedo (SSA) of 0.70. In addition to identifying periods dominated by Manaus emissions at both T2 and T3, the plume transport between the two sampling sites was studied using back trajectory calculations. Results show that the presence of the Manaus plume at site T3 was important mainly during the daytime and at the end of the afternoons. During time periods directly impacted by Manaus emissions, an average aerosol number concentration of 3200 cm-3 was measured at T3. Analysis of plume evolution between T2 and T3 indicates a transport time of 4–5 h. Changes of submicron organic and sulfate aerosols ratios relative to CO (ΔOA/ΔCO and ΔSO4/ΔCO, respectively) indicate significant production of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), corresponding to a 40% mass increase in OA and a 30% in SO4 mass concentration. Similarly, during air mass arrival at T3 the SSA increased to 0.83 from 0.70 at T2, mainly associated with an increase in organic aerosol concentration. Aerosol particle size distributions show a strong decrease in the Aitken nuclei mode (10–100nm) during the transport from T2 to T3, in particular above 30 nm, as a result of efficient coagulation processes into larger particles. A decrease of 30% in the particle number concentration and an increase of about 50 nm in geometric mean diameter were observed from T2 to T3 sites. The study of the evolution of aerosol properties downwind of the city of Manaus improves our understanding of how coupling of anthropogenic and biogenic sources may be impacting the sensitive Amazonian atmosphere.},
doi = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.08.031},
journal = {Atmospheric Environment (1994)},
number = C,
volume = 191,
place = {United Kingdom},
year = {Mon Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Mon Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.08.031

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Smoking Rain Clouds over the Amazon
journal, February 2004


Effects of aging on organic aerosol from open biomass burning smoke in aircraft and laboratory studies
journal, January 2011

  • Cubison, M. J.; Ortega, A. M.; Hayes, P. L.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 23
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-11-12049-2011

Biomass burning in the Amazon region: Aerosol source apportionment and associated health risk assessment
journal, November 2015


Impacts of the Manaus pollution plume on the microphysical properties of Amazonian warm-phase clouds in the wet season
journal, January 2016

  • Cecchini, Micael A.; Machado, Luiz A. T.; Comstock, Jennifer M.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-16-7029-2016

Multi-angle absorption photometry—a new method for the measurement of aerosol light absorption and atmospheric black carbon
journal, April 2004


Rainforest Aerosols as Biogenic Nuclei of Clouds and Precipitation in the Amazon
journal, September 2010


Sources of particulate matter in the northeastern United States in summer: 2. Evolution of chemical and microphysical properties
journal, January 2008

  • Brock, C. A.; Sullivan, A. P.; Peltier, R. E.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, Issue D8
  • DOI: 10.1029/2007JD009241

Amazon boundary layer aerosol concentration sustained by vertical transport during rainfall
journal, October 2016

  • Wang, Jian; Krejci, Radovan; Giangrande, Scott
  • Nature, Vol. 539, Issue 7629, p. 416-419
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature19819

Air quality and human health improvements from reductions in deforestation-related fire in Brazil
journal, September 2015

  • Reddington, C. L.; Butt, E. W.; Ridley, D. A.
  • Nature Geoscience, Vol. 8, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1038/ngeo2535

Submicron particle mass concentrations and sources in the Amazonian wet season (AMAZE-08)
journal, January 2015

  • Chen, Q.; Farmer, D. K.; Rizzo, L. V.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-15-3687-2015

Rates of Conversion of Sulfur Dioxide to Sulfate in a Scrubbed Power Plant Plume
journal, October 2001

  • Luria, Menachem; Imhoff, Robert E.; Valente, Ralph J.
  • Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, Vol. 51, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1080/10473289.2001.10464368