Emergent Magnetic Degeneracy in Iron Pnictides due to the Interplay between Spin-Orbit Coupling and Quantum Fluctuations

Christensen, Morten H.; Orth, Peter P.; Andersen, Brian M.; Fernandes, Rafael M.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.057001

Title: Emergent Magnetic Degeneracy in Iron Pnictides due to the Interplay between Spin-Orbit Coupling and Quantum Fluctuations

Abstract

Recent experiments in iron pnictide superconductors reveal that, as the putative magnetic quantum critical point is approached, different types of magnetic order coexist over a narrow region of the phase diagram. Although these magnetic configurations share the same wave vectors, they break distinct symmetries of the lattice. Importantly, the highest superconducting transition temperature takes place close to this proliferation of near-degenerate magnetic states. In this Letter, we employ a renormalization group calculation to show that such a behavior naturally arises due to the effects of spin-orbit coupling on the quantum magnetic fluctuations. Formally, the enhanced magnetic degeneracy near the quantum critical point is manifested as a stable Gaussian fixed point with a large basin of attraction. Implications of our findings to the superconductivity of the iron pnictides are also discussed.

Authors:

Christensen, Morten H. ^[1]; Orth, Peter P. ^[2]; Andersen, Brian M. ^[3]; Fernandes, Rafael M. ^[1]

Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States). School of Physics and Astronomy
Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy; Ames Lab. and Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)
Univ. of Copenhagen (Denmark). The Niels Bohr Inst.

Publication Date:: 2018-07-30

Research Org.:: Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1464480

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1462154

Report Number(s):: IS-J-9727
Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007; PRLTAO; TRN: US1902391

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012336; AC02-07CH11358

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review Letters

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 121; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY

Citation Formats


                    Christensen, Morten H., Orth, Peter P., Andersen, Brian M., and Fernandes, Rafael M. Emergent Magnetic Degeneracy in Iron Pnictides due to the Interplay between Spin-Orbit Coupling and Quantum Fluctuations.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
        Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.057001.

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                    Christensen, Morten H., Orth, Peter P., Andersen, Brian M., & Fernandes, Rafael M. Emergent Magnetic Degeneracy in Iron Pnictides due to the Interplay between Spin-Orbit Coupling and Quantum Fluctuations.  United States.  doi:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.057001

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                    Christensen, Morten H., Orth, Peter P., Andersen, Brian M., and Fernandes, Rafael M. Mon .  
        "Emergent Magnetic Degeneracy in Iron Pnictides due to the Interplay between Spin-Orbit Coupling and Quantum Fluctuations".  United States.  doi:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.057001.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1464480.

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@article{osti_1464480,

  title        = {Emergent Magnetic Degeneracy in Iron Pnictides due to the Interplay between Spin-Orbit Coupling and Quantum Fluctuations},

  author       = {Christensen, Morten H. and Orth, Peter P. and Andersen, Brian M. and Fernandes, Rafael M.},

  abstractNote = {Recent experiments in iron pnictide superconductors reveal that, as the putative magnetic quantum critical point is approached, different types of magnetic order coexist over a narrow region of the phase diagram. Although these magnetic configurations share the same wave vectors, they break distinct symmetries of the lattice. Importantly, the highest superconducting transition temperature takes place close to this proliferation of near-degenerate magnetic states. In this Letter, we employ a renormalization group calculation to show that such a behavior naturally arises due to the effects of spin-orbit coupling on the quantum magnetic fluctuations. Formally, the enhanced magnetic degeneracy near the quantum critical point is manifested as a stable Gaussian fixed point with a large basin of attraction. Implications of our findings to the superconductivity of the iron pnictides are also discussed.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.057001},

  journal      = {Physical Review Letters},

  number       = 5,

  volume       = 121,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2018},

  month        = {7}

}

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.057001

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Title: Emergent Magnetic Degeneracy in Iron Pnictides due to the Interplay between Spin-Orbit Coupling and Quantum Fluctuations

Abstract

Citation Formats

Impact of local-moment fluctuations on the magnetic degeneracy of iron arsenide superconductors journal, April 2014

Uniaxial strain control of spin-polarization in multicomponent nematic order of BaFe2As2 journal, March 2018

Muon spin rotation study of the magnetic structure in the tetragonal antiferromagnetic state of weakly underdoped Ba 1− x K x Fe 2 As 2 journal, September 2015

Expansion of the tetragonal magnetic phase with pressure in the iron arsenide superconductor Ba 1 − x K x Fe 2 As 2 journal, April 2016

Pairing Mechanism in Fe-Based Superconductors journal, March 2012

Double-Q spin-density wave in iron arsenide superconductors journal, January 2016

Prominent Role of Spin-Orbit Coupling in FeSe Revealed by Inelastic Neutron Scattering journal, May 2017

Pressure-induced Fermi-surface reconstruction in the iron-arsenide superconductor Ba 1 − x K x Fe 2 As 2 : Evidence of a phase transition inside the antiferromagnetic phase journal, October 2012

Hedgehog spin-vortex crystal stabilized in a hole-doped iron-based superconductor journal, February 2018

Magnetically driven suppression of nematic order in an iron-based superconductor journal, May 2014

Longitudinal Spin Excitations and Magnetic Anisotropy in Antiferromagnetically Ordered Ba Fe 2 As 2 journal, December 2013

Splitting of Resonance Excitations in Nearly Optimally Doped Ba ( Fe 0.94 Co 0.06 ) 2 As 2 : An Inelastic Neutron Scattering Study with Polarization Analysis journal, March 2013

Direct observation of spin–orbit coupling in iron-based superconductors journal, December 2015

Detailed magnetic and structural analysis mapping a robust magnetic C 4 dome in Sr 1 − x Na x Fe 2 As 2 journal, April 2016

Magnetic degeneracy and hidden metallicity of the spin-density-wave state in ferropnictides journal, January 2010

Local Orthorhombicity in the Magnetic C 4 Phase of the Hole-Doped Iron-Arsenide Superconductor Sr 1 − x Na x Fe 2 As 2 journal, October 2017

Absence of nematic order in the pressure-induced intermediate phase of the iron-based superconductor B a 0.85 K 0.15 F e 2 A s 2 journal, March 2016

Potential Antiferromagnetic Fluctuations in Hole-Doped Iron-Pnictide Superconductor Ba 1- x K x Fe 2 As 2 Studied by 75 As Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement journal, May 2012

High-temperature superconductivity in iron-based materials journal, August 2010

Proximity of iron pnictide superconductors to a quantum tricritical point journal, July 2011

Disorder-promoted C 4 -symmetric magnetic order in iron-based superconductors journal, April 2016

Anisotropic neutron spin resonance in superconducting BaFe 1.9 Ni 0.1 As 2 journal, August 2010

Nontrivial Role of Interlayer Cation States in Iron-Based Superconductors journal, January 2017

Gap symmetry and structure of Fe-based superconductors journal, October 2011

Spin reorientation driven by the interplay between spin-orbit coupling and Hund's rule coupling in iron pnictides journal, December 2015

Antiferromagnetic order and spin dynamics in iron-based superconductors journal, August 2015

Materials and Novel Superconductivity in Iron Pnictide Superconductors journal, March 2011

Superconductivity-induced re-entrance of the orthorhombic distortion in Ba1−xKxFe2As2 journal, July 2015

Interplay between tetragonal magnetic order, stripe magnetism, and superconductivity in iron-based materials journal, March 2015

Microscopically derived Ginzburg-Landau theory for magnetic order in the iron pnictides journal, December 2011

Role of multiorbital effects in the magnetic phase diagram of iron pnictides journal, July 2017

Magnetic phase diagram of the iron pnictides in the presence of spin-orbit coupling: Frustration between C 2 and C 4 magnetic phases journal, July 2018

In-plane spin excitation anisotropy in the paramagnetic state of NaFeAs journal, October 2013

Space group symmetry, spin-orbit coupling, and the low-energy effective Hamiltonian for iron-based superconductors journal, October 2013

Competing magnetic double- Q phases and superconductivity-induced reentrance of C 2 magnetic stripe order in iron pnictides journal, October 2015

Fluctuation-driven first-order behavior near the T = 0 two-dimensional stripe to Fermi liquid transition journal, January 2010

Observation of the magnetic C 4 phase in Ca 1 − x Na x Fe 2 As 2 and its universality in the hole-doped 122 superconductors journal, February 2017

Symmetry of reentrant tetragonal phase in Ba 1 − x Na x Fe 2 As 2 : Magnetic versus orbital ordering mechanism journal, November 2014

Magnetic order without tetragonal-symmetry-breaking in iron arsenides: Microscopic mechanism and spin-wave spectrum journal, January 2015

Spin reorientation in Ba 0.65 Na 0.35 Fe 2 As 2 studied by single-crystal neutron diffraction journal, February 2015

Dimensional crossover in the quasi-two-dimensional Ising-O(3) model journal, December 2011

Local magnetic anisotropy in BaFe 2 As 2 : A polarized inelastic neutron scattering study journal, August 2012

Complex phase diagram of Ba 1 − x Na x Fe 2 As 2 : A multitude of phases striving for the electronic entropy journal, January 2016

Competing Orders in FeAs Layers journal, October 2008

Nodeless energy gaps of single-crystalline Ba 0 . 68 K 0 . 32 Fe 2 As 2 as seen via As 75 NMR journal, April 2011

Vestigial chiral and charge orders from bidirectional spin-density waves: Application to the iron-based superconductors journal, January 2016

Suppression of Superconductivity by Néel-Type Magnetic Fluctuations in the Iron Pnictides journal, March 2013

Magnetism and its microscopic origin in iron-based high-temperature superconductors journal, October 2012

Infrared Study of the Spin Reorientation Transition and Its Reversal in the Superconducting State in Underdoped Ba 1 − x K x Fe 2 As 2 journal, July 2015

Stabilizing the spin vortex crystal phase in two-dimensional iron-based superconductors journal, February 2017

Preemptive nematic order, pseudogap, and orbital order in the iron pnictides journal, January 2012

Global phase diagram for magnetism and lattice distortion of iron-pnictide materials journal, September 2009

A common thread: The pairing interaction for unconventional superconductors journal, October 2012

Antiferromagnetic ordering in the absence of structural distortion in Ba ( Fe 1 − x Mn x ) 2 As 2 journal, December 2010

Order parameter fluctuation and ordering competition in Ba 1 − x K x Fe 2 As 2 journal, January 2017

The renormalization group and the ε expansion journal, August 1974

The puzzle of high temperature superconductivity in layered iron pnictides and chalcogenides journal, October 2010

Preferred Magnetic Excitations in the Iron-Based Sr 1 − x Na x Fe 2 As 2 Superconductor journal, January 2019

Intertwined spin-orbital coupled orders in the iron-based superconductors journal, July 2019

Observation of spin-orbit excitations and Hund's multiplets in Ca 2 RuO 4 journal, July 2019

Magnetic phase diagram of the iron pnictides in the presence of spin-orbit coupling: Frustration between C 2 and C 4 magnetic phases journal, July 2018

Widespread orthorhombic fluctuations in the ( Sr , Na ) Fe 2 As 2 family of superconductors journal, November 2018

Impact of local-moment fluctuations on the magnetic degeneracy of iron arsenide superconductors
journal, April 2014

Uniaxial strain control of spin-polarization in multicomponent nematic order of BaFe2As2
journal, March 2018

Muon spin rotation study of the magnetic structure in the tetragonal antiferromagnetic state of weakly underdoped Ba _{1− x} K _x Fe ₂ As ₂
journal, September 2015

Expansion of the tetragonal magnetic phase with pressure in the iron arsenide superconductor ${Ba}_{1 - x} K_{x} {Fe}_{2} {As}_{2}$
journal, April 2016

Pairing Mechanism in Fe-Based Superconductors
journal, March 2012

Double-Q spin-density wave in iron arsenide superconductors
journal, January 2016

Prominent Role of Spin-Orbit Coupling in FeSe Revealed by Inelastic Neutron Scattering
journal, May 2017

Pressure-induced Fermi-surface reconstruction in the iron-arsenide superconductor Ba $_{1 - x}$ K $_{x}$ Fe $_{2}$ As $_{2}$ : Evidence of a phase transition inside the antiferromagnetic phase
journal, October 2012

Hedgehog spin-vortex crystal stabilized in a hole-doped iron-based superconductor
journal, February 2018

Magnetically driven suppression of nematic order in an iron-based superconductor
journal, May 2014

Longitudinal Spin Excitations and Magnetic Anisotropy in Antiferromagnetically Ordered $Ba {Fe}_{2} {As}_{2}$
journal, December 2013

Splitting of Resonance Excitations in Nearly Optimally Doped $Ba ({Fe}_{0.94} {Co}_{0.06})_{2} {As}_{2}$ : An Inelastic Neutron Scattering Study with Polarization Analysis
journal, March 2013

Direct observation of spin–orbit coupling in iron-based superconductors
journal, December 2015

Detailed magnetic and structural analysis mapping a robust magnetic $C_{4}$ dome in ${Sr}_{1 - x} {Na}_{x} {Fe}_{2} {As}_{2}$
journal, April 2016

Magnetic degeneracy and hidden metallicity of the spin-density-wave state in ferropnictides
journal, January 2010

Local Orthorhombicity in the Magnetic $C_{4}$ Phase of the Hole-Doped Iron-Arsenide Superconductor ${Sr}_{1 - x} {Na}_{x} {Fe}_{2} {As}_{2}$
journal, October 2017

Absence of nematic order in the pressure-induced intermediate phase of the iron-based superconductor $B a_{0.85} K_{0.15} F e_{2} A s_{2}$
journal, March 2016

Potential Antiferromagnetic Fluctuations in Hole-Doped Iron-Pnictide Superconductor Ba _{1- x} K _x Fe ₂ As ₂ Studied by ⁷⁵ As Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement
journal, May 2012

High-temperature superconductivity in iron-based materials
journal, August 2010

Proximity of iron pnictide superconductors to a quantum tricritical point
journal, July 2011

Disorder-promoted $C_{4}$ -symmetric magnetic order in iron-based superconductors
journal, April 2016

Anisotropic neutron spin resonance in superconducting ${BaFe}_{1.9} {Ni}_{0.1} {As}_{2}$
journal, August 2010

Nontrivial Role of Interlayer Cation States in Iron-Based Superconductors
journal, January 2017

Gap symmetry and structure of Fe-based superconductors
journal, October 2011

Spin reorientation driven by the interplay between spin-orbit coupling and Hund's rule coupling in iron pnictides
journal, December 2015

Antiferromagnetic order and spin dynamics in iron-based superconductors
journal, August 2015

Materials and Novel Superconductivity in Iron Pnictide Superconductors
journal, March 2011

Superconductivity-induced re-entrance of the orthorhombic distortion in Ba1−xKxFe2As2
journal, July 2015

Interplay between tetragonal magnetic order, stripe magnetism, and superconductivity in iron-based materials
journal, March 2015

Microscopically derived Ginzburg-Landau theory for magnetic order in the iron pnictides
journal, December 2011

Role of multiorbital effects in the magnetic phase diagram of iron pnictides
journal, July 2017

Magnetic phase diagram of the iron pnictides in the presence of spin-orbit coupling: Frustration between $C_{2}$ and $C_{4}$ magnetic phases
journal, July 2018

In-plane spin excitation anisotropy in the paramagnetic state of NaFeAs
journal, October 2013

Space group symmetry, spin-orbit coupling, and the low-energy effective Hamiltonian for iron-based superconductors
journal, October 2013

Competing magnetic double- $Q$ phases and superconductivity-induced reentrance of $C_{2}$ magnetic stripe order in iron pnictides
journal, October 2015

Fluctuation-driven first-order behavior near the $T = 0$ two-dimensional stripe to Fermi liquid transition
journal, January 2010

Observation of the magnetic $C_{4}$ phase in ${Ca}_{1 - x} {Na}_{x} {Fe}_{2} {As}_{2}$ and its universality in the hole-doped 122 superconductors
journal, February 2017

Symmetry of reentrant tetragonal phase in ${Ba}_{1 - x} {Na}_{x} {Fe}_{2} {As}_{2}$ : Magnetic versus orbital ordering mechanism
journal, November 2014

Magnetic order without tetragonal-symmetry-breaking in iron arsenides: Microscopic mechanism and spin-wave spectrum
journal, January 2015

Spin reorientation in ${Ba}_{0.65} {Na}_{0.35} {Fe}_{2} {As}_{2}$ studied by single-crystal neutron diffraction
journal, February 2015

Dimensional crossover in the quasi-two-dimensional Ising-O(3) model
journal, December 2011

Local magnetic anisotropy in BaFe $_{2}$ As $_{2}$ : A polarized inelastic neutron scattering study
journal, August 2012

Complex phase diagram of ${Ba}_{1 - x} {Na}_{x} {Fe}_{2} {As}_{2}$ : A multitude of phases striving for the electronic entropy
journal, January 2016

Competing Orders in FeAs Layers
journal, October 2008

Nodeless energy gaps of single-crystalline Ba $_{0.68}$ K $_{0.32}$ Fe $_{2}$ As $_{2}$ as seen via ${}^{75}{As}$ NMR
journal, April 2011

Vestigial chiral and charge orders from bidirectional spin-density waves: Application to the iron-based superconductors
journal, January 2016

Suppression of Superconductivity by Néel-Type Magnetic Fluctuations in the Iron Pnictides
journal, March 2013

Magnetism and its microscopic origin in iron-based high-temperature superconductors
journal, October 2012

Infrared Study of the Spin Reorientation Transition and Its Reversal in the Superconducting State in Underdoped ${Ba}_{1 - x} K_{x} {Fe}_{2} {As}_{2}$
journal, July 2015

Stabilizing the spin vortex crystal phase in two-dimensional iron-based superconductors
journal, February 2017

Preemptive nematic order, pseudogap, and orbital order in the iron pnictides
journal, January 2012

Global phase diagram for magnetism and lattice distortion of iron-pnictide materials
journal, September 2009

A common thread: The pairing interaction for unconventional superconductors
journal, October 2012

Antiferromagnetic ordering in the absence of structural distortion in $Ba {({Fe}_{1 - x} {Mn}_{x})}_{2} {As}_{2}$
journal, December 2010

Order parameter fluctuation and ordering competition in ${Ba}_{1 - x} K_{x} {Fe}_{2} {As}_{2}$
journal, January 2017

The renormalization group and the ε expansion
journal, August 1974

The puzzle of high temperature superconductivity in layered iron pnictides and chalcogenides
journal, October 2010

Preferred Magnetic Excitations in the Iron-Based ${Sr}_{1 - x} {Na}_{x} {Fe}_{2} {As}_{2}$ Superconductor
journal, January 2019

Intertwined spin-orbital coupled orders in the iron-based superconductors
journal, July 2019

Observation of spin-orbit excitations and Hund's multiplets in ${Ca}_{2} {RuO}_{4}$
journal, July 2019

Magnetic phase diagram of the iron pnictides in the presence of spin-orbit coupling: Frustration between $C_{2}$ and $C_{4}$ magnetic phases
journal, July 2018

Widespread orthorhombic fluctuations in the $(Sr, Na) {Fe}_{2} {As}_{2}$ family of superconductors
journal, November 2018