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Title: Mitigation of multipacting in 113 MHz superconducting rf photoinjector

Abstract

Superconducting rf (SRF) photoinjectors are one of the most promising devices for generating continuous wave (CW) electron beams with record high brightness. Ultrahigh vacuum of SRF guns provides for long lifetime of the high quantum efficiency (QE) photocathodes, while SRF technology provides for high accelerating gradients exceeding 10 MV/m. It is especially true for low frequency SRF guns where electrons are generated at photocathodes at the crest of accelerating voltage. Two main physics challenges of SRF guns are their compatibility with high QE photocathodes and multipacting. The first is related to a possibility of deposition of photocathode materials (such as Cs) on the walls of the SRF cavity, which can result in increased dark current via reduction of the bulk Nb work function and in enhancing of a secondary electron emission yield (SEY). SEY plays critical role in multipacting (e.g., an exponential growth of the multipactor discharge), which could both spoil the gun vacuum and speed up the deposition of the cathode material on the walls of the SRF cavity. In short, the multipactor behavior in superconducting accelerating units must be well understood for successful operation of an SRF photo-injector. In this paper we present our studies of 1.2 MVmore » 113 MHz quarter-wave SRF photoinjector serving as a source of electron beam for the coherent electron cooling experiment (CeC) at BNL. During three years of operating our SRF gun we encountered a number of multipacting zones. We also observed that presence of CsK2Sb photocathode in the gun could create additional multipacting barriers. We had conducted a comprehensive numerical and experimental study of the multipactor discharge in our SRF gun. We had developed a process of crossing the multipacting barriers from zero to the operational voltage without affecting the lifetime of our photocathode and enhancing the strength of multipacting barriers. As a result, we found a good agreement between the results of simulations and our experimental data.« less

Authors:
; ; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)
OSTI Identifier:
1464314
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1471183
Report Number(s):
BNL-209046-2018-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9888; PRABCJ; 082001
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231; AC02-98CH10886; FOA-0000632; SC0012704
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Physical Review Accelerators and Beams
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Physical Review Accelerators and Beams Journal Volume: 21 Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9888
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS

Citation Formats

Petrushina, I., Litvinenko, V. N., Pinayev, I., Smith, K., Narayan, G., and Severino, F. Mitigation of multipacting in 113 MHz superconducting rf photoinjector. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.21.082001.
Petrushina, I., Litvinenko, V. N., Pinayev, I., Smith, K., Narayan, G., & Severino, F. Mitigation of multipacting in 113 MHz superconducting rf photoinjector. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.21.082001
Petrushina, I., Litvinenko, V. N., Pinayev, I., Smith, K., Narayan, G., and Severino, F. Mon . "Mitigation of multipacting in 113 MHz superconducting rf photoinjector". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.21.082001.
@article{osti_1464314,
title = {Mitigation of multipacting in 113 MHz superconducting rf photoinjector},
author = {Petrushina, I. and Litvinenko, V. N. and Pinayev, I. and Smith, K. and Narayan, G. and Severino, F.},
abstractNote = {Superconducting rf (SRF) photoinjectors are one of the most promising devices for generating continuous wave (CW) electron beams with record high brightness. Ultrahigh vacuum of SRF guns provides for long lifetime of the high quantum efficiency (QE) photocathodes, while SRF technology provides for high accelerating gradients exceeding 10 MV/m. It is especially true for low frequency SRF guns where electrons are generated at photocathodes at the crest of accelerating voltage. Two main physics challenges of SRF guns are their compatibility with high QE photocathodes and multipacting. The first is related to a possibility of deposition of photocathode materials (such as Cs) on the walls of the SRF cavity, which can result in increased dark current via reduction of the bulk Nb work function and in enhancing of a secondary electron emission yield (SEY). SEY plays critical role in multipacting (e.g., an exponential growth of the multipactor discharge), which could both spoil the gun vacuum and speed up the deposition of the cathode material on the walls of the SRF cavity. In short, the multipactor behavior in superconducting accelerating units must be well understood for successful operation of an SRF photo-injector. In this paper we present our studies of 1.2 MV 113 MHz quarter-wave SRF photoinjector serving as a source of electron beam for the coherent electron cooling experiment (CeC) at BNL. During three years of operating our SRF gun we encountered a number of multipacting zones. We also observed that presence of CsK2Sb photocathode in the gun could create additional multipacting barriers. We had conducted a comprehensive numerical and experimental study of the multipactor discharge in our SRF gun. We had developed a process of crossing the multipacting barriers from zero to the operational voltage without affecting the lifetime of our photocathode and enhancing the strength of multipacting barriers. As a result, we found a good agreement between the results of simulations and our experimental data.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.21.082001},
journal = {Physical Review Accelerators and Beams},
number = 8,
volume = 21,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Aug 13 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Mon Aug 13 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}

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