Forests dominate the interannual variability of the North American carbon sink

Shiga, Yoichi P.; Michalak, Anna M.; Fang, Yuanyuan; Schaefer, Kevin; Andrews, Arlyn E.; Huntzinger, Deborah H.; Schwalm, Christopher R.; Thoning, Kirk; Wei, Yaxing

doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aad505

Title: Forests dominate the interannual variability of the North American carbon sink

Journal Article · 22 July 2018 · Environmental Research Letters

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aad505 · OSTI ID:1463982

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Carnegie Inst. for Science, Stanford, CA (United States). Dept. of Global Ecology; Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Carnegie Inst. for Science, Stanford, CA (United States). Dept. of Global Ecology
Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). National Snow and Ice Data Center. Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth Science Research Lab.
Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States). Center for Ecosystem Science and Society
Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States). School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability; Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Environmental Sciences Division

Understanding what drives the interannual variability (IAV) of the land carbon sink is crucial for improving future predictions of this important, yet uncertain, component of the climate system. While drivers of global and hemispheric-scale net ecosystem exchange (NEE) IAV have been investigated, our understanding of the drivers of NEE IAV at regional scales (e.g. sub-continental, biome-level) is quite poor. Here we explore the biome-level attribution and drivers of North American NEE using inverse estimates derived from a dense network of atmospheric CO2 observations. We find that deciduous broadleaf and mixed forests are the primary regions responsible for North American NEE IAV, which differs from the ecoregions identified for the globe and Northern Hemisphere. We also find that a suite of terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) do not agree on the dominant biome contributing to NEE IAV, with TBMs falling along an apparent spectrum ranging between those with IAV dominated primarily by forested ecosystems to those with IAV dominated by non-forested ecosystems. Furthermore, this regional trade-off in TBM NEE IAV is found to be linked to differing regional responses to environmental drivers among TBMs. This work displays the importance of extra-tropical forests in driving continental NEE IAV and also highlights the challenges and limitations of using TBMs to inform regional-scale carbon flux dynamics.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Carnegie Inst. for Science, Stanford, CA (United States); Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States); Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) (United States); National Science Foundation (NSF) (United States); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) (United States)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; AC09-08SR22470; AC02-05CH11231; FG02-06ER64315

OSTI ID:: 1463982

Journal Information:: Environmental Research Letters, Journal Name: Environmental Research Letters Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 13; ISSN 1748-9326

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Detecting fossil fuel emissions patterns from subcontinental regions using North American in situ CO ₂ measurements : DETECTABILITY OF FOSSIL FUEL CO2 FLUX Shiga, Yoichi P.; Michalak, Anna M.; Gourdji, Sharon M. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 41, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014gl059684	journal	June 2014
Global Carbon Budget 2016 Le Quéré, Corinne; Andrew, Robbie M.; Canadell, Josep G. Earth System Science Data, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-605-2016	journal	January 2016

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Interannual variation of terrestrial carbon cycle: Issues and perspectives Piao, Shilong; Wang, Xuhui; Wang, Kai Global Change Biology, Vol. 26, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14884	journal	November 2019
Enhanced North American carbon uptake associated with El Niño Hu, Lei; Andrews, Arlyn E.; Thoning, Kirk W. Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw0076	journal	June 2019

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