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Title: High-accuracy wavefront sensing for x-ray free electron lasers

Abstract

Systematic understanding and real-time feedback capability for x-ray free electron laser (FEL) accelerator and optical components are critical for scientific experiments and instrument performance. Single-shot wavefront sensing enables characterization of the intensity and local electric field distribution at the sample plane, something that is important for understanding scientific experiments such as nonlinear studies. It can also provide feedback for alignment and tuning of the FEL beam and instrumentation optics, leading to optimal instrument performance and greater operational efficiency. A robust, sensitive, and accurate single-shot wavefront sensor for x-ray FEL beams using single grating Talbot interferometry has been developed. Experiments performed at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) demonstrate 3σ sensitivity and accuracy, both better than λ/100, retrieval of hard x-ray (λ = 0.13 nm, E = 9.5 keV) wavefronts in 3D. Exhibiting high performance from both unfocused and focused beams, the same setup can be used to systematically study the wavefront from the FEL output, beam transport optics, and endstation focusing optics. Finally, this technique can be extended for use with softer and harder x rays with modified grating configurations.

Authors:
ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1463051
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1462999
Report Number(s):
slac-pub-17308
Journal ID: ISSN 2334-2536
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-76SF00515
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Optica
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Optica Journal Volume: 5 Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 2334-2536
Publisher:
Optical Society of America
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION; 43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS

Citation Formats

Liu, Yanwei, Seaberg, Matthew, Zhu, Diling, Krzywinski, Jacek, Seiboth, Frank, Hardin, Corey, Cocco, Daniele, Aquila, Andrew, Nagler, Bob, Lee, Hae Ja, Boutet, Sébastien, Feng, Yiping, Ding, Yuantao, Marcus, Gabriel, and Sakdinawat, Anne. High-accuracy wavefront sensing for x-ray free electron lasers. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1364/OPTICA.5.000967.
Liu, Yanwei, Seaberg, Matthew, Zhu, Diling, Krzywinski, Jacek, Seiboth, Frank, Hardin, Corey, Cocco, Daniele, Aquila, Andrew, Nagler, Bob, Lee, Hae Ja, Boutet, Sébastien, Feng, Yiping, Ding, Yuantao, Marcus, Gabriel, & Sakdinawat, Anne. High-accuracy wavefront sensing for x-ray free electron lasers. United States. https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.5.000967
Liu, Yanwei, Seaberg, Matthew, Zhu, Diling, Krzywinski, Jacek, Seiboth, Frank, Hardin, Corey, Cocco, Daniele, Aquila, Andrew, Nagler, Bob, Lee, Hae Ja, Boutet, Sébastien, Feng, Yiping, Ding, Yuantao, Marcus, Gabriel, and Sakdinawat, Anne. Wed . "High-accuracy wavefront sensing for x-ray free electron lasers". United States. https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.5.000967.
@article{osti_1463051,
title = {High-accuracy wavefront sensing for x-ray free electron lasers},
author = {Liu, Yanwei and Seaberg, Matthew and Zhu, Diling and Krzywinski, Jacek and Seiboth, Frank and Hardin, Corey and Cocco, Daniele and Aquila, Andrew and Nagler, Bob and Lee, Hae Ja and Boutet, Sébastien and Feng, Yiping and Ding, Yuantao and Marcus, Gabriel and Sakdinawat, Anne},
abstractNote = {Systematic understanding and real-time feedback capability for x-ray free electron laser (FEL) accelerator and optical components are critical for scientific experiments and instrument performance. Single-shot wavefront sensing enables characterization of the intensity and local electric field distribution at the sample plane, something that is important for understanding scientific experiments such as nonlinear studies. It can also provide feedback for alignment and tuning of the FEL beam and instrumentation optics, leading to optimal instrument performance and greater operational efficiency. A robust, sensitive, and accurate single-shot wavefront sensor for x-ray FEL beams using single grating Talbot interferometry has been developed. Experiments performed at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) demonstrate 3σ sensitivity and accuracy, both better than λ/100, retrieval of hard x-ray (λ = 0.13 nm, E = 9.5 keV) wavefronts in 3D. Exhibiting high performance from both unfocused and focused beams, the same setup can be used to systematically study the wavefront from the FEL output, beam transport optics, and endstation focusing optics. Finally, this technique can be extended for use with softer and harder x rays with modified grating configurations.},
doi = {10.1364/OPTICA.5.000967},
journal = {Optica},
number = 8,
volume = 5,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Aug 08 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Wed Aug 08 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.5.000967

Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 42 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1 Fig. 1: (a) Wavefront sensor based on single grating Talbot interferometry and its possible insertion points along a FEL facility to perform systematic studies on beam wavefronts. In this paper we included results from points 2 and 3. The exit of undulator is defined as Z = 0 m inmore » this paper. The size and location of the end station, shown by dashed box, is not to scale in the z axis; it is approximately in the same location as point 2. (b) A sample Talbot image as recorded on the CCD of the imaging microscope and the retrieved 2D wavefront error from it. The scale bar has a length of 100 μm. The dashed white box is where a single column was chosen for detailed analysis that was then used to test the repeatability of phase retrieval results. (c) Retrieved aspherical phase terms from 40 randomly picked single shots. The solid line is the average result, and the error bars at each location indicate ±1σ (standard deviation) of the 40 measurements. The overall variation of the measurements is found to be 2.98 × 10−3 waves, or λ ∕ 335.« less

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