Environmental effects of short‐rotation woody crops for bioenergy: What is and isn't known
Abstract
Logging and mill residues are currently the largest sources of woody biomass for bioenergy in the United States, but short-rotation woody crops (SRWCs) are expected to become a larger contributor to biomass production, primarily on lands marginal for food production. However, there are very few studies on the environmental effects of SRWCs, and most have been conducted at stand rather than at watershed scales. In this manuscript, we review the potential environmental effects of SRWCs relative to current forestry or agricultural practices and best management practices (BMPs) in the southeast United States and identify priorities and constraints for monitoring and modeling these effects. Plot-scale field studies and a watershed-scale modeling study found improved water quality with SRWCs compared to agricultural crops. Further, a recent watershed-scale experiment suggests that conventional forestry BMPs are sufficient to protect water quality from SRWC silvicultural activities, but the duration of these studies is short with respect to travel times of groundwater transporting nitrate to streams. While the effects of SRWC production on carbon (C) and water budgets depend on both soil properties and previous land management, woody crops will typically sequester more C when compared with agricultural crops. The overall C offset by SRWCs willmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[7]
- Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee
- USDA Forest Service Savannah River Forestry Sciences Lab Aiken South Carolina
- Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama
- USDA ARS Southwest Watershed Research Center Tucson Arizona
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory University of Georgia Aiken South Carolina, Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia Athens Georgia
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia Athens Georgia
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Savannah River Ecology Laboratory (SREL), Aiken, SC (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Sustainable Transportation Office. Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO)
- Contributing Org.:
- USDA Forest Service-Savannah River, New Ellenton, SC
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1462776
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1462781; OSTI ID: 1474646; OSTI ID: 1572195; OSTI ID: 1829078
- Report Number(s):
- 18-06-P
Journal ID: ISSN 1757-1693
- Grant/Contract Number:
- DE‐EM0004391; AC05-00OR22725; EM0004391; EM0003622; FC09-07SR22506
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Global Change Biology. Bioenergy
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Global Change Biology. Bioenergy Journal Volume: 11 Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 1757-1693
- Publisher:
- Wiley-Blackwell
- Country of Publication:
- United Kingdom
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; aquatic macroinvertebrates; best management practices; bioenergy; carbon/water tradeoffs; hydrologic modeling; soil organic carbon; southeastern United States; terrestrial biodiversity; water quality; woody feedstocks
Citation Formats
Griffiths, Natalie A., Rau, Benjamin M., Vaché, Kellie B., Starr, Gregory, Bitew, Menberu M., Aubrey, Doug P., Martin, James A., Benton, Elizabeth, and Jackson, C. Rhett. Environmental effects of short‐rotation woody crops for bioenergy: What is and isn't known. United Kingdom: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1111/gcbb.12536.
Griffiths, Natalie A., Rau, Benjamin M., Vaché, Kellie B., Starr, Gregory, Bitew, Menberu M., Aubrey, Doug P., Martin, James A., Benton, Elizabeth, & Jackson, C. Rhett. Environmental effects of short‐rotation woody crops for bioenergy: What is and isn't known. United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12536
Griffiths, Natalie A., Rau, Benjamin M., Vaché, Kellie B., Starr, Gregory, Bitew, Menberu M., Aubrey, Doug P., Martin, James A., Benton, Elizabeth, and Jackson, C. Rhett. Wed .
"Environmental effects of short‐rotation woody crops for bioenergy: What is and isn't known". United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12536.
@article{osti_1462776,
title = {Environmental effects of short‐rotation woody crops for bioenergy: What is and isn't known},
author = {Griffiths, Natalie A. and Rau, Benjamin M. and Vaché, Kellie B. and Starr, Gregory and Bitew, Menberu M. and Aubrey, Doug P. and Martin, James A. and Benton, Elizabeth and Jackson, C. Rhett},
abstractNote = {Logging and mill residues are currently the largest sources of woody biomass for bioenergy in the United States, but short-rotation woody crops (SRWCs) are expected to become a larger contributor to biomass production, primarily on lands marginal for food production. However, there are very few studies on the environmental effects of SRWCs, and most have been conducted at stand rather than at watershed scales. In this manuscript, we review the potential environmental effects of SRWCs relative to current forestry or agricultural practices and best management practices (BMPs) in the southeast United States and identify priorities and constraints for monitoring and modeling these effects. Plot-scale field studies and a watershed-scale modeling study found improved water quality with SRWCs compared to agricultural crops. Further, a recent watershed-scale experiment suggests that conventional forestry BMPs are sufficient to protect water quality from SRWC silvicultural activities, but the duration of these studies is short with respect to travel times of groundwater transporting nitrate to streams. While the effects of SRWC production on carbon (C) and water budgets depend on both soil properties and previous land management, woody crops will typically sequester more C when compared with agricultural crops. The overall C offset by SRWCs will depend on a variety of management practices, the number of rotations, and climate. Effects of SRWCs on biodiversity, especially aquatic organisms, are not well studied, but a meta-analysis found that bird and mammal biodiversity is lower in SRWC stands than unmanaged forests. Long-term (i.e., over multiple rotations) water quality, water use, C dynamics, and soil quality studies are needed, as are larger-scale (i.e., landscape scale) biodiversity studies, to evaluate the potential effects of SRWC production. Such research should couple field measurement and modeling approaches due to the temporal (i.e., multiple rotations) and spatial (i.e., heterogeneous landscape) scaling issues involved with SRWC production.},
doi = {10.1111/gcbb.12536},
journal = {Global Change Biology. Bioenergy},
number = 4,
volume = 11,
place = {United Kingdom},
year = {Wed Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Wed Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
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