In Situ X-ray Scattering Guides the Synthesis of Uniform PtSn Nanocrystals
Abstract
Compared to monometallic nanocrystals (NCs), bimetallic ones often exhibit superior properties due to their wide tunability in structure and composition. A detailed understanding of their synthesis at the atomic scale provides crucial knowledge for their rational design. Here, exploring the Pt-Sn bimetallic system as an example, we study in detail the synthesis of PtSn NCs using in situ synchrotron X-ray scattering. We show that when Pt(II) and Sn(IV) precursors are used, in contrast to a typical simultaneous reduction mechanism, the PtSn NCs are formed through an initial reduction of Pt(II) to form Pt NCs, followed by the chemical transformation from Pt to PtSn. The kinetics derived from the in situ measurements shows fast diffusion of Sn into the Pt lattice accompanied by re-ordering of these atoms into intermetallic PtSn structure within 300 s at the reaction temperature (~280 oC). This crucial mechanistic understanding enables the synthesis of well-defined PtSn NCs with controlled structure and composition via a seed-mediated approach. Furthermore, this type of in situ characterization can be extended to other multicomponent nanostructures to advance their rational synthesis for practical applications.
- Authors:
-
[3];
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1461328
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FWP 100250; AC02-76SF00515
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nano Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 18; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 1530-6984
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY; X-ray scattering; in situ; bimetallic; colloidal nanocrystals; phase transformation
Citation Formats
Wu, Liheng, Fournier, Amanda P., Willis, Joshua J., Cargnello, Matteo, and Tassone, Christopher J. In Situ X-ray Scattering Guides the Synthesis of Uniform PtSn Nanocrystals. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02024.
Wu, Liheng, Fournier, Amanda P., Willis, Joshua J., Cargnello, Matteo, & Tassone, Christopher J. In Situ X-ray Scattering Guides the Synthesis of Uniform PtSn Nanocrystals. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02024
Wu, Liheng, Fournier, Amanda P., Willis, Joshua J., Cargnello, Matteo, and Tassone, Christopher J. Tue .
"In Situ X-ray Scattering Guides the Synthesis of Uniform PtSn Nanocrystals". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02024. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1461328.
@article{osti_1461328,
title = {In Situ X-ray Scattering Guides the Synthesis of Uniform PtSn Nanocrystals},
author = {Wu, Liheng and Fournier, Amanda P. and Willis, Joshua J. and Cargnello, Matteo and Tassone, Christopher J.},
abstractNote = {Compared to monometallic nanocrystals (NCs), bimetallic ones often exhibit superior properties due to their wide tunability in structure and composition. A detailed understanding of their synthesis at the atomic scale provides crucial knowledge for their rational design. Here, exploring the Pt-Sn bimetallic system as an example, we study in detail the synthesis of PtSn NCs using in situ synchrotron X-ray scattering. We show that when Pt(II) and Sn(IV) precursors are used, in contrast to a typical simultaneous reduction mechanism, the PtSn NCs are formed through an initial reduction of Pt(II) to form Pt NCs, followed by the chemical transformation from Pt to PtSn. The kinetics derived from the in situ measurements shows fast diffusion of Sn into the Pt lattice accompanied by re-ordering of these atoms into intermetallic PtSn structure within 300 s at the reaction temperature (~280 oC). This crucial mechanistic understanding enables the synthesis of well-defined PtSn NCs with controlled structure and composition via a seed-mediated approach. Furthermore, this type of in situ characterization can be extended to other multicomponent nanostructures to advance their rational synthesis for practical applications.},
doi = {10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02024},
journal = {Nano Letters},
number = 6,
volume = 18,
place = {United States},
year = {2018},
month = {5}
}
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Figure 1: In situ characterization of PtSn NCs from the reduction of metal precursors. (a) Representative SAXS patterns of the NCs during the synthesis. The reaction time is set as t = 0 s at 110 °C. (b) Representative WAXS patterns of the NCs during the synthesis. The patterns aremore »
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