Generating porosity during olivine carbonation via dissolution channels and expansion cracks

None, None

doi:10.5194/se-9-879-2018

Title: Generating porosity during olivine carbonation via dissolution channels and expansion cracks

Abstract

Abstract. The olivine carbonation reaction, in which carbon dioxide is chemically incorporated to form carbonate, is central to the emerging carbon sequestration method using ultramafic rocks. The rate of this retrograde metamorphic reaction is controlled, in part, by the available reactive surface area: as the solid volume increases during carbonation, the feasibility of this method ultimately depends on the maintenance of porosity and the creation of new reactive surfaces. We conducted in situ dynamic X-ray microtomography and nanotomography experiments to image and quantify the porosity generation during olivine carbonation. We designed a sample setup that included a thick-walled cup (made of porous olivine aggregates with a mean grain size of either ∼ 5 or ∼ 80µm) filled with loose olivine sands with grain sizes of 100–500µm. The whole sample assembly was reacted with a NaHCO₃ aqueous solution at 200°C, under a constant confining pressure of 13MPa and a pore pressure of 10MPa. Using synchrotron-based X-ray microtomography, the three-dimensional (3-D) pore structure evolution of the carbonating olivine cup was documented until the olivine aggregates became disintegrated. The dynamic microtomography data show a volume reduction in olivine at the beginning of the reaction, indicating a vigorous dissolution process consistent with the disequilibrium reaction kinetics.more »« less

Publication Date:: Fri Jul 13 00:00:00 EDT 2018

Research Org.:: Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22), Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division

OSTI Identifier:: 1460149

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1498994

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-07ER15916

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Solid Earth (Online)

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Solid Earth (Online) Journal Volume: 9 Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 1869-9529

Publisher:: Copernicus Publications, EGU

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

Subject:: 58 GEOSCIENCES; 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

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                    Generating porosity during olivine carbonation via dissolution channels and expansion cracks.  Germany: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.5194/se-9-879-2018.

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                    Generating porosity during olivine carbonation via dissolution channels and expansion cracks.  Germany.  https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-879-2018

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                    Fri .  
"Generating porosity during olivine carbonation via dissolution channels and expansion cracks".  Germany.  https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-879-2018.

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@article{osti_1460149,

  title        = {Generating porosity during olivine carbonation via dissolution channels and expansion cracks},

  author       = {None, None},

  abstractNote = {Abstract. The olivine carbonation reaction, in which carbon dioxide is chemically incorporated to form carbonate, is central to the emerging carbon sequestration method using ultramafic rocks. The rate of this retrograde metamorphic reaction is controlled, in part, by the available reactive surface area: as the solid volume increases during carbonation, the feasibility of this method ultimately depends on the maintenance of porosity and the creation of new reactive surfaces. We conducted in situ dynamic X-ray microtomography and nanotomography experiments to image and quantify the porosity generation during olivine carbonation. We designed a sample setup that included a thick-walled cup (made of porous olivine aggregates with a mean grain size of either  ∼ 5 or  ∼ 80µm) filled with loose olivine sands with grain sizes of 100–500µm. The whole sample assembly was reacted with a NaHCO3 aqueous solution at 200°C, under a constant confining pressure of 13MPa and a pore pressure of 10MPa. Using synchrotron-based X-ray microtomography, the three-dimensional (3-D) pore structure evolution of the carbonating olivine cup was documented until the olivine aggregates became disintegrated. The dynamic microtomography data show a volume reduction in olivine at the beginning of the reaction, indicating a vigorous dissolution process consistent with the disequilibrium reaction kinetics. In the olivine cup with a grain size of  ∼ 80µm (coarse-grained cup), dissolution planes developed within 30h, before any precipitation was observed. In the experiment with the olivine cup of  ∼ 5µm mean grain size (fine-grained cup), idiomorphic magnesite crystals were observed on the surface of the olivine sands. The magnesite shows a near-constant growth throughout the experiment, suggesting that the reaction is self-sustained. Large fractures were generated as the reaction proceeded and eventually disintegrated the aggregate after 140h. Detailed analysis show that these are expansion cracks caused by the volume mismatch in the cup walls, between the expanding interior and the near-surface which keeps a nearly constant volume. Nanotomography images of the reacted olivine cup reveal pervasive etch pits and wormholes in the olivine grains. We interpret this perforation of the solids to provide continuous fluid access, which is likely key to the complete carbonation observed in nature. Reactions proceeding through the formation of nano- to micron-scale dissolution channels provide a viable microscale mechanism in carbon sequestration practices. For the natural peridotite carbonation, a coupled mechanism of dissolution and reaction-induced fracturing should account for the observed self-sustainability of the reaction.},

  doi          = {10.5194/se-9-879-2018},

  journal      = {Solid Earth (Online)},

  number       = 4,

  volume       = 9,

  place        = {Germany},

  year         = {Fri Jul 13 00:00:00 EDT 2018},

  month        = {Fri Jul 13 00:00:00 EDT 2018}

}

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Title: Generating porosity during olivine carbonation via dissolution channels and expansion cracks

Abstract

Citation Formats

Carbon Dioxide Sequestering Using Ultramaf ic Rocks journal, September 1998

Characteristic of dynamic tensile fracture in augite-peridotite conference, January 1996

Stress from crystallization of salt journal, September 2004

Experimental Study of Carbon Sequestration Reactions Controlled by the Percolation of CO 2 -Rich Brine through Peridotites journal, February 2009

Mineral sequestration of carbon dioxide in basalt: A pre-injection overview of the CarbFix project journal, May 2010

In situ carbonation of peridotite for CO2 storage journal, November 2008

Shear-enhanced compaction and permeability reduction: Triaxial extension tests on porous sandstone journal, April 1997

A 4D view on the evolution of metamorphic dehydration reactions journal, July 2017

Suppression and stimulation of seafloor hydrothermal convection by exothermic mineral hydration journal, March 2006

Heterogeneous nucleation and crystal growth on curved surfaces observed by real-space imaging journal, August 2013

Tension cracks parallel with the axial plane journal, June 1973

Serpentinization of mantle-derived peridotites at mid-ocean ridges: Mesh texture development in the context of tectonic exhumation journal, June 2014

Reaction-driven cracking during retrograde metamorphism: Olivine hydration and carbonation journal, September 2012

An experimental investigation of the system MgO-SiO 2 -H 2 O-CO 2 journal, November 1969

Dissolution‐Assisted Pattern Formation During Olivine Carbonation journal, October 2017

Reaction-Driven Cracking During Mineral Hydration, Carbonation and Oxidation conference, June 2013

Relationship among fatigue strength, mean grain size and compressive strength of a rock journal, January 1988

Shrinkage Cracks: Desiccation or Synaeresis? journal, January 1981

In situ sequestration of atmospheric CO2 at low temperature and surface cracking of serpentinized peridotite in mine shafts journal, November 2012

Dissolution of olivine during natural weathering journal, October 2009

Effects of serpentinization on the lithospheric strength and the style of normal faulting at slow-spreading ridges journal, October 1997

Exfoliation as a Phase of Rock Weathering journal, November 1925

A brief guide to synchrotron radiation-based microtomography in (structural) geology and rock mechanics journal, August 2014

Mineralogical and geochemical characterization of listwaenite from the Semail Ophiolite, Oman journal, October 2007

Etch pits on naturally altered olivine from dunites of the Appalachian Blue Ridge Mountains, North Carolina, USA journal, February 2008

Spatially-variable carbonation reactions in polycrystalline olivine journal, May 2017

Lichen weathering of minerals: implications for pedogenesis journal, January 1983

Pressure solution and the force of crystallization: a phenomenological theory journal, November 1959

Multi-scale characterization of the incipient carbonation of peridotite journal, January 2018

Geochemistry of subduction zone serpentinites: A review journal, September 2013

Rate of serpentinization in seafloor environments journal, June 1985

Metamorphism of Alpine Peridotite and Serpentinite journal, May 1977

Elasticity of ultrabasic rocks journal, December 1966

Carbonated Serpentinite (Listwanite) at Atlin, British Columbia: a Geological Analogue to Carbon Dioxide Sequestration journal, February 2005

Experimental evidence for chemo-mechanical coupling during carbon mineralization in ultramafic rocks journal, September 2017

TomoPy: a framework for the analysis of synchrotron tomographic data journal, August 2014

Effects of Grain Size on the Initiation and Propagation Thresholds of Stress-induced Brittle Fractures journal, May 1999

Magnesite growth rates as a function of temperature and saturation state journal, October 2009

Reaction induced fracturing during replacement processes journal, July 2008

Carbon Mineralization: From Natural Analogues to Engineered Systems journal, January 2013

A low-cost X-ray-transparent experimental cell for synchrotron-based X-ray microtomography studies under geological reservoir conditions journal, December 2013

A simple model of reaction-induced cracking applied to serpentinization and carbonation of peridotite journal, March 2010

Phase objects in synchrotron radiation hard x-ray imaging journal, January 1996

Imaging and image processing in porous media research journal, September 2008

Massive serpentinite carbonation at Linnajavri, N-Norway: Massive serpentinite carbonation at Linnajavri, N-Norway journal, July 2012

Porosity evolution and crystallization-driven fragmentation during weathering of andesite journal, January 2011

Pore formation during dehydration of a polycrystalline gypsum sample observed and quantified in a time-series synchrotron X-ray micro-tomography experiment journal, January 2012

The Force of Crystallization and Fracture Propagation during In-Situ Carbonation of Peridotite journal, October 2017

Weathering of the primary rock-forming minerals: processes, products and rates journal, September 2004

Reaction-assisted hierarchical fracturing during serpentinization journal, March 2008

Experimental evidence of reaction-induced fracturing during olivine carbonation: Fracturing During Olivine Carbonation journal, September 2016

Microstructure and porosity evolution during experimental carbonation of a natural peridotite journal, December 2012

Effect of Secondary Phase Formation on the Carbonation of Olivine journal, August 2010

Pore-Scale Controls on Reaction-Driven Fracturing journal, January 2015

Fracture initiation during volume increasing reactions in rocks and applications for CO2 sequestration journal, March 2014

Rates and Mechanisms of Mineral Carbonation in Peridotite: Natural Processes and Recipes for Enhanced, in situ CO 2 Capture and Storage journal, May 2011

Geochemistry and petrology of listvenite in the Samail ophiolite, Sultanate of Oman: Complete carbonation of peridotite during ophiolite emplacement journal, July 2015

Changes in surface area and morphology and the mechanism of forsterite dissolution journal, December 1978

Crystallization dynamics on curved surfaces journal, July 2013

Carbon Dioxide Sequestering Using Ultramaf ic Rocks
journal, September 1998

Characteristic of dynamic tensile fracture in augite-peridotite
conference, January 1996

Stress from crystallization of salt
journal, September 2004

Experimental Study of Carbon Sequestration Reactions Controlled by the Percolation of CO ₂ -Rich Brine through Peridotites
journal, February 2009

Mineral sequestration of carbon dioxide in basalt: A pre-injection overview of the CarbFix project
journal, May 2010

In situ carbonation of peridotite for CO2 storage
journal, November 2008

Shear-enhanced compaction and permeability reduction: Triaxial extension tests on porous sandstone
journal, April 1997

A 4D view on the evolution of metamorphic dehydration reactions
journal, July 2017

Suppression and stimulation of seafloor hydrothermal convection by exothermic mineral hydration
journal, March 2006

Heterogeneous nucleation and crystal growth on curved surfaces observed by real-space imaging
journal, August 2013

Tension cracks parallel with the axial plane
journal, June 1973

Serpentinization of mantle-derived peridotites at mid-ocean ridges: Mesh texture development in the context of tectonic exhumation
journal, June 2014

Reaction-driven cracking during retrograde metamorphism: Olivine hydration and carbonation
journal, September 2012

An experimental investigation of the system MgO-SiO 2 -H 2 O-CO 2
journal, November 1969

Dissolution‐Assisted Pattern Formation During Olivine Carbonation
journal, October 2017

Reaction-Driven Cracking During Mineral Hydration, Carbonation and Oxidation
conference, June 2013

Relationship among fatigue strength, mean grain size and compressive strength of a rock
journal, January 1988

Shrinkage Cracks: Desiccation or Synaeresis?
journal, January 1981

In situ sequestration of atmospheric CO2 at low temperature and surface cracking of serpentinized peridotite in mine shafts
journal, November 2012

Dissolution of olivine during natural weathering
journal, October 2009

Effects of serpentinization on the lithospheric strength and the style of normal faulting at slow-spreading ridges
journal, October 1997

Exfoliation as a Phase of Rock Weathering
journal, November 1925

A brief guide to synchrotron radiation-based microtomography in (structural) geology and rock mechanics
journal, August 2014

Mineralogical and geochemical characterization of listwaenite from the Semail Ophiolite, Oman
journal, October 2007

Etch pits on naturally altered olivine from dunites of the Appalachian Blue Ridge Mountains, North Carolina, USA
journal, February 2008

Spatially-variable carbonation reactions in polycrystalline olivine
journal, May 2017

Lichen weathering of minerals: implications for pedogenesis
journal, January 1983

Pressure solution and the force of crystallization: a phenomenological theory
journal, November 1959

Multi-scale characterization of the incipient carbonation of peridotite
journal, January 2018

Geochemistry of subduction zone serpentinites: A review
journal, September 2013

Rate of serpentinization in seafloor environments
journal, June 1985

Metamorphism of Alpine Peridotite and Serpentinite
journal, May 1977

Elasticity of ultrabasic rocks
journal, December 1966

Carbonated Serpentinite (Listwanite) at Atlin, British Columbia: a Geological Analogue to Carbon Dioxide Sequestration
journal, February 2005

Experimental evidence for chemo-mechanical coupling during carbon mineralization in ultramafic rocks
journal, September 2017

TomoPy: a framework for the analysis of synchrotron tomographic data
journal, August 2014

Effects of Grain Size on the Initiation and Propagation Thresholds of Stress-induced Brittle Fractures
journal, May 1999

Magnesite growth rates as a function of temperature and saturation state
journal, October 2009

Reaction induced fracturing during replacement processes
journal, July 2008

Carbon Mineralization: From Natural Analogues to Engineered Systems
journal, January 2013

A low-cost X-ray-transparent experimental cell for synchrotron-based X-ray microtomography studies under geological reservoir conditions
journal, December 2013

A simple model of reaction-induced cracking applied to serpentinization and carbonation of peridotite
journal, March 2010

Phase objects in synchrotron radiation hard x-ray imaging
journal, January 1996

Imaging and image processing in porous media research
journal, September 2008

Massive serpentinite carbonation at Linnajavri, N-Norway: Massive serpentinite carbonation at Linnajavri, N-Norway
journal, July 2012

Porosity evolution and crystallization-driven fragmentation during weathering of andesite
journal, January 2011

Pore formation during dehydration of a polycrystalline gypsum sample observed and quantified in a time-series synchrotron X-ray micro-tomography experiment
journal, January 2012

The Force of Crystallization and Fracture Propagation during In-Situ Carbonation of Peridotite
journal, October 2017

Weathering of the primary rock-forming minerals: processes, products and rates
journal, September 2004

Reaction-assisted hierarchical fracturing during serpentinization
journal, March 2008

Experimental evidence of reaction-induced fracturing during olivine carbonation: Fracturing During Olivine Carbonation
journal, September 2016

Microstructure and porosity evolution during experimental carbonation of a natural peridotite
journal, December 2012

Effect of Secondary Phase Formation on the Carbonation of Olivine
journal, August 2010

Pore-Scale Controls on Reaction-Driven Fracturing
journal, January 2015

Fracture initiation during volume increasing reactions in rocks and applications for CO2 sequestration
journal, March 2014

Rates and Mechanisms of Mineral Carbonation in Peridotite: Natural Processes and Recipes for Enhanced, in situ CO ₂ Capture and Storage
journal, May 2011

Geochemistry and petrology of listvenite in the Samail ophiolite, Sultanate of Oman: Complete carbonation of peridotite during ophiolite emplacement
journal, July 2015

Changes in surface area and morphology and the mechanism of forsterite dissolution
journal, December 1978

Crystallization dynamics on curved surfaces
journal, July 2013