Secondary sulfate is internally mixed with sea spray aerosol and organic aerosol in the winter Arctic

Kirpes, Rachel M.; Bondy, Amy L.; Bonanno, Daniel; Moffet, Ryan C.; Wang, Bingbing; Laskin, Alexander; Ault, Andrew P.; Pratt, Kerri A.

doi:10.5194/acp-18-3937-2018

Title: Secondary sulfate is internally mixed with sea spray aerosol and organic aerosol in the winter Arctic

Journal Article · 20 March 2018 · Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3937-2018 · OSTI ID:1459707

^[1]; Bondy, Amy L. ^[1]; Bonanno, Daniel ^[2]; Moffet, Ryan C. ^[3]; Wang, Bingbing ^[4];

^[5];

^[1];

^[1]

Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
Univ. of Pacific, Stockton, CA (United States)
Univ. of Pacific, Stockton, CA (United States); Sonoma Technology, Petaluma, CA (United States)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Xiamen Univ., Xiamen (China)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)

Abstract. Few measurements of aerosol chemical composition have been made during the winter–spring transition (following polar sunrise) to constrain Arctic aerosol–cloud–climate feedbacks. Herein, we report the first measurements of individual particle chemical composition near Utqiagvik (Barrow),Alaska, in winter (seven sample days in January and February 2014). Individual particles were analyzed by computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (CCSEM-EDX, 24847particles), Raman microspectroscopy (300 particles), and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy with near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (STXM-NEXAFS, 290 particles). Sea spray aerosol (SSA) was observed in all samples, with fresh and aged SSA comprising 99%, by number, of 2.5–7.5µmdiameter particles, 65–95% from 0.5–2.5µm, and50–60% from 0.1–0.5µm, indicating SSA is the dominant contributor to accumulation and coarse-mode aerosol during the winter. The aged SSA particles were characterized by reduced chlorine content with94%, by number, internally mixed with secondary sulfate (39%, by number, internally mixed with both nitrate and sulfate), indicative of multiphase aging reactions during transport. There was a large number fraction (40% of 1.0–4.0µm diameter particles) of aged SSA during periods when particles were transported from near Prudhoe Bay,consistent with pollutant emissions from the oil fields participating in atmospheric processing of aerosol particles. Organic carbon and sulfate particles were observed in all samples and comprised 40–50%, by number,of 0.1–0.4µm diameter particles, indicative of Arctic haze influence. Soot was internally mixed with organic and sulfate components. All sulfate was mixed with organic carbon or SSA particles. In conclusion, aerosol sources in the Alaskan Arctic and resulting aerosol chemical mixing states need to be considered when predicting aerosol climate effects, particularly cloud formation, in the winter Arctic.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830; SC0008643

OSTI ID:: 1459707

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1502416

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-136257

Journal Information:: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online), Vol. 18, Issue 6; ISSN 1680-7324

Publisher:: European Geosciences UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 44 works

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Multiyear study of the dependence of sea salt aerosol on wind speed and sea ice conditions in the coastal Arctic: ARCTIC SEA SALT AEROSOL May, N. W.; Quinn, P. K.; McNamara, S. M. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 121, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025273	journal	August 2016
Sea salt aerosols as a reactive surface for inorganic and organic acidic gases in the arctic troposphere Chi, J. W.; Li, W. J.; Zhang, D. Z. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, Vol. 15, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-16715-2015	journal	January 2015
Chemical characterization of individual particles and residuals of cloud droplets and ice crystals collected on board research aircraft in the ISDAC 2008 study: ISDAC CLOUD PARTICLE RESIDUALS Hiranuma, N.; Brooks, S. D.; Moffet, R. C. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 118, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50484	journal	June 2013
Arctic organic aerosol measurements show particles from mixed combustion in spring haze and from frost flowers in winter: ARCTIC ORGANIC AEROSOL MEASUREMENTS Shaw, P. M.; Russell, L. M.; Jefferson, A. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 37, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL042831	journal	May 2010
Clouds and Aerosols Climate Change 2013 – The Physical Science Basis https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.016	book	June 2014

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