Moderate pressure plasma source of nonthermal electrons

Gershman, S.; Raitses, Y.

doi:10.1088/1361-6463/aabfb1

Title: Moderate pressure plasma source of nonthermal electrons

Abstract

Plasma sources of electrons offer control of gas and surface chemistry without the need for complex vacuum systems. The plasma electron source presented here is based on a cold cathode glow discharge (GD) operating in a dc steady state mode in a moderate pressure range of 2–10 torr. Ion-induced secondary electron emission is the source of electrons accelerated to high energies in the cathode sheath potential. The source geometry is a key to the availability and the extraction of the nonthermal portion of the electron population. The source consists of a flat and a cylindrical electrode, 1 mm apart. Our estimates show that the length of the cathode sheath in the plasma source is commensurate (~0.5–1 mm) with the inter-electrode distance so the GD operates in an obstructed regime without a positive column. Estimations of the electron energy relaxation confirm the non-local nature of this GD, hence the nonthermal portion of the electron population is available for extraction outside of the source. The use of a cylindrical anode presents a simple and promising method of extracting the high energy portion of the electron population. Langmuir probe measurements and optical emission spectroscopy confirm the presence of electrons with energies ~15 eVmore »« less

Authors:

^[1];

^[1]

Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States)

Publication Date:: 2018-04-20

Research Org.:: Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1459552

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-09CH11466; 201506340040

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of Physics. D, Applied Physics

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 51; Journal Issue: 23; Journal ID: ISSN 0022-3727

Publisher:: IOP Publishing

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; glow discharge; electron source; nonequilibrium plasma; nonlocal plasma; nonthermal electrons

Citation Formats


                    Gershman, S., and Raitses, Y. Moderate pressure plasma source of nonthermal electrons.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1088/1361-6463/aabfb1.

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                    Gershman, S., & Raitses, Y. Moderate pressure plasma source of nonthermal electrons.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aabfb1

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                    Gershman, S., and Raitses, Y. Fri .  
"Moderate pressure plasma source of nonthermal electrons".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aabfb1.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1459552.

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@article{osti_1459552,

  title        = {Moderate pressure plasma source of nonthermal electrons},

  author       = {Gershman, S. and Raitses, Y.},

  abstractNote = {Plasma sources of electrons offer control of gas and surface chemistry without the need for complex vacuum systems. The plasma electron source presented here is based on a cold cathode glow discharge (GD) operating in a dc steady state mode in a moderate pressure range of 2–10 torr. Ion-induced secondary electron emission is the source of electrons accelerated to high energies in the cathode sheath potential. The source geometry is a key to the availability and the extraction of the nonthermal portion of the electron population. The source consists of a flat and a cylindrical electrode, 1 mm apart. Our estimates show that the length of the cathode sheath in the plasma source is commensurate (~0.5–1 mm) with the inter-electrode distance so the GD operates in an obstructed regime without a positive column. Estimations of the electron energy relaxation confirm the non-local nature of this GD, hence the nonthermal portion of the electron population is available for extraction outside of the source. The use of a cylindrical anode presents a simple and promising method of extracting the high energy portion of the electron population. Langmuir probe measurements and optical emission spectroscopy confirm the presence of electrons with energies ~15 eV outside of the source. These electrons become available for surface modification and radical production outside of the source. In conclusion, the extraction of the electrons of specific energies by varying the anode geometry opens exciting opportunities for future exploration.},

  doi          = {10.1088/1361-6463/aabfb1},

  journal      = {Journal of Physics. D, Applied Physics},

  number       = 23,

  volume       = 51,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2018},

  month        = {4}

}

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Similar Records

Title: Moderate pressure plasma source of nonthermal electrons

Abstract

Citation Formats

Cross Sections for Electron Collisions with Nitrogen Molecules journal, March 2006

Experimental studies of anode sheath phenomena in a Hall thruster discharge journal, May 2005

Fully differential cross sections for low-energy electron-impact ionization of nitrogen molecules journal, August 2005

Influence of the transverse dimension on the structure and properties of dc glow discharges journal, October 2010

Comprehensive description of a Grimm-type glow discharge source used for optical emission spectrometry: A mathematical simulation journal, March 1998

The use of Langmuir probes in the study of high pressure plasmas journal, September 1976

Distribution of plasma parameters in the cathode region of a glow discharge in nitrogen journal, September 2012

20 years of microplasma research: a status report journal, February 2016

Optimization of a low-pressure hollow-anode electrical discharge for generation of high-current electron beams journal, January 2005

Self-consistent Monte Carlo simulation of the cathode fall including treatment of negative-glow electrons journal, July 1992

Differential cross sections for electron elastic scattering and vibrational v = 1 excitation in nitrogen in the energy range from 5 to 20 eV measured over an angular range of 10°–180° journal, April 2009

Validation and benchmarking of two particle-in-cell codes for a glow discharge journal, November 2016

Electron kinetics in non-uniform glow discharge plasmas journal, May 1995

Probe measurements of electron-energy distributions in plasmas: what can we measure and how can we achieve reliable results? journal, May 2011

Analysis of continuous generation of electron beams in medium-pressure gases journal, August 2013

Control of plasma properties in a short direct-current glow discharge with active boundaries journal, February 2016

Design and operating characteristics of new type cold cathode ion source journal, December 2007

A simple electron gun by obstructed discharge and its discharge-sustaining mechanism journal, October 2000

Determination of the electron temperature and density in the negative glow of a nitrogen pulsed discharge using optical emission spectroscopy journal, December 2009

Can the temperature of electrons in a high-pressure plasma be determined by means of an electrostatic probe? journal, July 2000

The dissociative electroionization of carbon dioxide by low-energy electron impact. The C+, O+ and CO+ dissociation channels journal, May 1995

Highly efficient electron beam generation in a wide-aperture discharge in helium journal, September 2008

Optical Emission Spectroscopy of Abnormal Glow Region in Nitrogen Plasma journal, October 2005

Surface Composition, Chemistry, and Structure of Polystyrene Modified by Electron-Beam-Generated Plasma journal, June 2010

Influence of the inter-electrode gap on the cathode sheath characteristics (voltage drop across it and its thickness) journal, April 2017

Cold-cathode discharges and breakdown in argon: surface and gas phase production of secondary electrons journal, January 1999

Fundamental studies on a planar-cathode direct current glow discharge. Part II: numerical modeling and comparison with laser scattering experiments journal, April 2004

Fundamental studies on a planar-cathode direct current glow discharge. Part I: characterization via laser scattering techniques journal, April 2004

Means for efficient electron beam generation in wide-aperture open-discharge light sources journal, July 2006

Peculiarities of electron emission from the cathode in an abnormal glow discharge journal, April 2005

A mechanism of electron emission in an open discharge journal, March 2001

The glow discharge: an exciting plasma! journal, January 1999

Electric field distribution in the cathode-fall region of an abnormal glow discharge in hydrogen: experiment and theory journal, March 2012

Suprathermal electron energy spectrum and nonlocally affected plasma-wall interaction in helium/air micro-plasma at atmospheric pressure journal, October 2016

Glow discharge plasma properties of gases of environmental interest journal, January 2004

Response of the plasma to the size of an anode electrode biased near the plasma potential journal, October 2014

Role of nonlocal ionization in formation of the short glow discharge journal, August 2008

Anomalously High Near-Wall Sheath Potential Drop in a Plasma with Nonlocal Fast Electrons journal, November 2005

Validation and Benchmarking of Two Particle-in-Cell Codes for a Glow Discharge conference, May 2017

Probe measurements of electron-energy distributions in plasmas: what can we measure and how can we achieve reliable results? journal, June 2011

Cross Sections for Electron Collisions with Nitrogen Molecules
journal, March 2006

Experimental studies of anode sheath phenomena in a Hall thruster discharge
journal, May 2005

Fully differential cross sections for low-energy electron-impact ionization of nitrogen molecules
journal, August 2005

Influence of the transverse dimension on the structure and properties of dc glow discharges
journal, October 2010

Comprehensive description of a Grimm-type glow discharge source used for optical emission spectrometry: A mathematical simulation
journal, March 1998

The use of Langmuir probes in the study of high pressure plasmas
journal, September 1976

Distribution of plasma parameters in the cathode region of a glow discharge in nitrogen
journal, September 2012

20 years of microplasma research: a status report
journal, February 2016

Optimization of a low-pressure hollow-anode electrical discharge for generation of high-current electron beams
journal, January 2005

Self-consistent Monte Carlo simulation of the cathode fall including treatment of negative-glow electrons
journal, July 1992

Differential cross sections for electron elastic scattering and vibrational v = 1 excitation in nitrogen in the energy range from 5 to 20 eV measured over an angular range of 10°–180°
journal, April 2009

Validation and benchmarking of two particle-in-cell codes for a glow discharge
journal, November 2016

Electron kinetics in non-uniform glow discharge plasmas
journal, May 1995

Probe measurements of electron-energy distributions in plasmas: what can we measure and how can we achieve reliable results?
journal, May 2011

Analysis of continuous generation of electron beams in medium-pressure gases
journal, August 2013

Control of plasma properties in a short direct-current glow discharge with active boundaries
journal, February 2016

Design and operating characteristics of new type cold cathode ion source
journal, December 2007

A simple electron gun by obstructed discharge and its discharge-sustaining mechanism
journal, October 2000

Determination of the electron temperature and density in the negative glow of a nitrogen pulsed discharge using optical emission spectroscopy
journal, December 2009

Can the temperature of electrons in a high-pressure plasma be determined by means of an electrostatic probe?
journal, July 2000

The dissociative electroionization of carbon dioxide by low-energy electron impact. The C+, O+ and CO+ dissociation channels
journal, May 1995

Highly efficient electron beam generation in a wide-aperture discharge in helium
journal, September 2008

Optical Emission Spectroscopy of Abnormal Glow Region in Nitrogen Plasma
journal, October 2005

Surface Composition, Chemistry, and Structure of Polystyrene Modified by Electron-Beam-Generated Plasma
journal, June 2010

Influence of the inter-electrode gap on the cathode sheath characteristics (voltage drop across it and its thickness)
journal, April 2017

Cold-cathode discharges and breakdown in argon: surface and gas phase production of secondary electrons
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Fundamental studies on a planar-cathode direct current glow discharge. Part II: numerical modeling and comparison with laser scattering experiments
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Means for efficient electron beam generation in wide-aperture open-discharge light sources
journal, July 2006

Peculiarities of electron emission from the cathode in an abnormal glow discharge
journal, April 2005

A mechanism of electron emission in an open discharge
journal, March 2001

The glow discharge: an exciting plasma!
journal, January 1999

Electric field distribution in the cathode-fall region of an abnormal glow discharge in hydrogen: experiment and theory
journal, March 2012

Suprathermal electron energy spectrum and nonlocally affected plasma-wall interaction in helium/air micro-plasma at atmospheric pressure
journal, October 2016

Glow discharge plasma properties of gases of environmental interest
journal, January 2004

Response of the plasma to the size of an anode electrode biased near the plasma potential
journal, October 2014

Role of nonlocal ionization in formation of the short glow discharge
journal, August 2008

Anomalously High Near-Wall Sheath Potential Drop in a Plasma with Nonlocal Fast Electrons
journal, November 2005

Validation and Benchmarking of Two Particle-in-Cell Codes for a Glow Discharge
conference, May 2017

Probe measurements of electron-energy distributions in plasmas: what can we measure and how can we achieve reliable results?
journal, June 2011