Fabrication and operational considerations of hydrogen permeable Mo2C/V metal membranes and improvement with application of Pd

Fuerst, Thomas F.; Zhang, Zhenyu; Hentges, Abigail M.; Lundin, Sean-Thomas B.; Wolden, Colin A.; Way, J. Douglas

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2017.12.030

Title: Fabrication and operational considerations of hydrogen permeable Mo₂C/V metal membranes and improvement with application of Pd

Abstract

Mo₂C has previously been demonstrated as an effective catalyst layer to enable stable H₂ permeation through vanadium foils at high temperatures. Here, in this paper, this approach was extended to several group V metal foils (V, Nb, and Ta) as well as mixed gas testing. The best permeability was achieved with V, and an activation process was developed to recover the performance of V foils displaying evidence of oxidation. Nb foils yielded ~20% the permeability of V, while Ta was too brittle to operate effectively. Mo₂C/V membranes were operated at feed conditions well above the ductile-to-brittle transition pressure without embrittlement; however, the H₂ permeability of Mo₂C/V membranes was significantly attenuated at lower temperatures (< 600 °C). H₂ permeation was also severely inhibited by the presence of N₂ or CO₂ in mixed gas environments due to strong competitive adsorption. The addition of a Pd catalyst layer on top of Mo₂C improved mixed gas stability and increased H₂ permeability to 2 × 10^-8 mol·m^-1·s^-1·Pa^-0.5 at 500 °C for V based membranes. Lastly, as an interlayer, Mo₂C was demonstrated to be a stable barrier preventing Pd-V interdiffusion at 500 °C while simultaneously allowing significant H₂ permeation.

Authors:

Fuerst, Thomas F. ^[1]; Zhang, Zhenyu ^[1]; Hentges, Abigail M. ^[1]; Lundin, Sean-Thomas B. ^[1];

^[1];

^[1]

Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States). Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering

Publication Date:: Thu Dec 14 00:00:00 EST 2017

Research Org.:: Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E); USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE)

Contributing Org.:: DOE Integrated University Program Graduate Fellowship; U.S. National Science Foundation

OSTI Identifier:: 1457546

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1548943

Grant/Contract Number:: AR0000785; 1512172; 0000785

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of Membrane Science

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 549; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0376-7388

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; 08 HYDROGEN; Hydrogen purification; Group V metals; Carbide catalyst; Interdiffusion barrier; Mixed gas inhibition

Citation Formats


                    Fuerst, Thomas F., Zhang, Zhenyu, Hentges, Abigail M., Lundin, Sean-Thomas B., Wolden, Colin A., and Way, J. Douglas. Fabrication and operational considerations of hydrogen permeable Mo2C/V metal membranes and improvement with application of Pd.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2017.12.030.

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                    Fuerst, Thomas F., Zhang, Zhenyu, Hentges, Abigail M., Lundin, Sean-Thomas B., Wolden, Colin A., & Way, J. Douglas. Fabrication and operational considerations of hydrogen permeable Mo2C/V metal membranes and improvement with application of Pd.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2017.12.030

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                    Fuerst, Thomas F., Zhang, Zhenyu, Hentges, Abigail M., Lundin, Sean-Thomas B., Wolden, Colin A., and Way, J. Douglas. Thu .  
"Fabrication and operational considerations of hydrogen permeable Mo2C/V metal membranes and improvement with application of Pd".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2017.12.030.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1457546.

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@article{osti_1457546,

  title        = {Fabrication and operational considerations of hydrogen permeable Mo2C/V metal membranes and improvement with application of Pd},

  author       = {Fuerst, Thomas F. and Zhang, Zhenyu and Hentges, Abigail M. and Lundin, Sean-Thomas B. and Wolden, Colin A. and Way, J. Douglas},

  abstractNote = {Mo2C has previously been demonstrated as an effective catalyst layer to enable stable H2 permeation through vanadium foils at high temperatures. Here, in this paper, this approach was extended to several group V metal foils (V, Nb, and Ta) as well as mixed gas testing. The best permeability was achieved with V, and an activation process was developed to recover the performance of V foils displaying evidence of oxidation. Nb foils yielded ~20% the permeability of V, while Ta was too brittle to operate effectively. Mo2C/V membranes were operated at feed conditions well above the ductile-to-brittle transition pressure without embrittlement; however, the H2 permeability of Mo2C/V membranes was significantly attenuated at lower temperatures (< 600 °C). H2 permeation was also severely inhibited by the presence of N2 or CO2 in mixed gas environments due to strong competitive adsorption. The addition of a Pd catalyst layer on top of Mo2C improved mixed gas stability and increased H2 permeability to 2 × 10-8 mol·m-1·s-1·Pa-0.5 at 500 °C for V based membranes. Lastly, as an interlayer, Mo2C was demonstrated to be a stable barrier preventing Pd-V interdiffusion at 500 °C while simultaneously allowing significant H2 permeation.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.memsci.2017.12.030},

  journal      = {Journal of Membrane Science},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 549,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Dec 14 00:00:00 EST 2017},

  month        = {Thu Dec 14 00:00:00 EST 2017}

}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Recent Developments in Compact Membrane Reactors with Hydrogen Separation
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Title: Fabrication and operational considerations of hydrogen permeable Mo2C/V metal membranes and improvement with application of Pd

Abstract

Citation Formats

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Reactor technology options for distributed hydrogen generation via ammonia decomposition: A review journal, November 2013

Characterization of an ammonia decomposition process by means of a multifunctional catalytic membrane reactor journal, July 2014

A new combination of membranes and membrane reactors for improved tritium management in breeder blanket of fusion machines journal, October 2011

Counter-current isotope swamping in a membrane reactor: The PERMCAT process and its applications in fusion technology journal, October 2010

Zeolite membranes and palladium membrane reactor for tritium extraction from the breeder blankets of ITER and DEMO journal, October 2013

Design of Pd-based membrane reactor for gas detritiation journal, October 2011

Polymeric membranes for the hydrogen economy: Contemporary approaches and prospects for the future journal, February 2009

Inorganic membranes for hydrogen production and purification: A critical review and perspective journal, October 2007

Review of proton conductors for hydrogen separation journal, June 2006

Innovations in Palladium Membrane Research journal, July 2002

Hydrogen selective membranes: A review of palladium-based dense metal membranes journal, July 2015

Non-Pd BCC alloy membranes for industrial hydrogen separation journal, October 2010

Hydrogen transport through non-porous membranes of palladium-coated niobium, tantalum and vanadium journal, October 1993

Thermal degradation of a palladium coating on hydrogen-tight niobium membranes journal, January 2010

Pd–V–Pd composite membranes: Hydrogen transport in a wide pressure range and mechanical stability journal, May 2014

Microstructural analysis of thermal degradation of palladium-coated niobium membrane journal, October 2013

Hydrogen permeation through the Pd–Nb–Pd composite membrane: Surface effects and thermal degradation journal, July 2011

A comparison of the performance and stability of Pd/BCC metal composite membranes for hydrogen purification journal, November 2014

The relationship between intermetallic diffusion and flux decline in composite-metal membranes: implications for achieving long membrane lifetime journal, November 1995

Alloying effects on hydrogen permeability of V without catalytic Pd overlayer journal, October 2015

Development of membranes for hydrogen separation: Pd coated V–10Pd journal, September 2008

The hydrogen embrittlement of metals journal, January 1961

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Mechanistic studies of hydrogen transport through /V composite membranes journal, January 2013

Molybdenum carbide catalysts I. Synthesis of unsupported powders journal, July 1987

Improvement of high temperature stability of Pd coating on Nb by intermediate layer comprising NbC and Nb2C journal, October 2007

Improvement in high temperature stability of Pd coating on Nb by Nb2C intermediate layer journal, April 2007

Improvement of high temperature stability of Pd coating on Ta by HfN intermediate layer journal, November 2010

Hydrogen permeation properties of Pd-coated V89.8Cr10Y0.2 alloy membrane using WGS reaction gases journal, May 2013

Design of sustainable V-based hydrogen separation membranes based on grain boundary segregation journal, August 2014

Sieverts Law Empirical Exponent for Pd-Based Membranes: Critical Analysis in Pure H 2 Permeation journal, April 2010

The role (or lack thereof) of nitrogen or ammonia adsorption-induced hydrogen flux inhibition on palladium membrane performance journal, September 2016

The preparation and surface structure of clean V(110) journal, May 1981

The surface structure of V(100) journal, April 1982

Adsorption kinetics and energetics of atomic hydrogen (deuterium) on oxygen and carbon covered V(100) journal, January 2000

Development of tantalum–zirconium alloy for hydrogen purification journal, November 2016

Effect of aluminum on hydrogen absorption kinetics of tantalum journal, February 2015

Effect of iron on the solubility of hydrogen in tantalum journal, August 2014

Effect of nickel addition on the solubility of hydrogen in tantalum journal, June 2013

First-Principles Models of Facilitating H 2 Transport through Metal Films Using Spillover journal, January 2013

Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Molybdenum Carbide and Nitride as Catalysts for Ammonia Decomposition journal, February 2013

Molybdenum nitride and carbide catalysts for ammonia synthesis journal, October 2001

Activity and Stability of Molybdenum Carbide as a Catalyst for CO2 Reforming journal, July 2001

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Title: Fabrication and operational considerations of hydrogen permeable Mo₂C/V metal membranes and improvement with application of Pd

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journal, April 2008

Reactor technology options for distributed hydrogen generation via ammonia decomposition: A review
journal, November 2013

Characterization of an ammonia decomposition process by means of a multifunctional catalytic membrane reactor
journal, July 2014

A new combination of membranes and membrane reactors for improved tritium management in breeder blanket of fusion machines
journal, October 2011

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journal, October 2010

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Polymeric membranes for the hydrogen economy: Contemporary approaches and prospects for the future
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Non-Pd BCC alloy membranes for industrial hydrogen separation
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Hydrogen transport through non-porous membranes of palladium-coated niobium, tantalum and vanadium
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journal, January 2010

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Microstructural analysis of thermal degradation of palladium-coated niobium membrane
journal, October 2013

Hydrogen permeation through the Pd–Nb–Pd composite membrane: Surface effects and thermal degradation
journal, July 2011

A comparison of the performance and stability of Pd/BCC metal composite membranes for hydrogen purification
journal, November 2014

The relationship between intermetallic diffusion and flux decline in composite-metal membranes: implications for achieving long membrane lifetime
journal, November 1995

Alloying effects on hydrogen permeability of V without catalytic Pd overlayer
journal, October 2015

Development of membranes for hydrogen separation: Pd coated V–10Pd
journal, September 2008

The hydrogen embrittlement of metals
journal, January 1961

Dense Carbide/Metal Composite Membranes for Hydrogen Separations Without Platinum Group Metals
journal, July 2011

Mechanistic studies of hydrogen transport through /V composite membranes
journal, January 2013

Molybdenum carbide catalysts I. Synthesis of unsupported powders
journal, July 1987

Improvement of high temperature stability of Pd coating on Nb by intermediate layer comprising NbC and Nb2C
journal, October 2007

Improvement in high temperature stability of Pd coating on Nb by Nb2C intermediate layer
journal, April 2007

Improvement of high temperature stability of Pd coating on Ta by HfN intermediate layer
journal, November 2010

Hydrogen permeation properties of Pd-coated V89.8Cr10Y0.2 alloy membrane using WGS reaction gases
journal, May 2013

Design of sustainable V-based hydrogen separation membranes based on grain boundary segregation
journal, August 2014

Sieverts Law Empirical Exponent for Pd-Based Membranes: Critical Analysis in Pure H ₂ Permeation
journal, April 2010

The role (or lack thereof) of nitrogen or ammonia adsorption-induced hydrogen flux inhibition on palladium membrane performance
journal, September 2016

The preparation and surface structure of clean V(110)
journal, May 1981

The surface structure of V(100)
journal, April 1982

Adsorption kinetics and energetics of atomic hydrogen (deuterium) on oxygen and carbon covered V(100)
journal, January 2000

Development of tantalum–zirconium alloy for hydrogen purification
journal, November 2016

Effect of aluminum on hydrogen absorption kinetics of tantalum
journal, February 2015

Effect of iron on the solubility of hydrogen in tantalum
journal, August 2014

Effect of nickel addition on the solubility of hydrogen in tantalum
journal, June 2013

First-Principles Models of Facilitating H ₂ Transport through Metal Films Using Spillover
journal, January 2013

Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Molybdenum Carbide and Nitride as Catalysts for Ammonia Decomposition
journal, February 2013

Molybdenum nitride and carbide catalysts for ammonia synthesis
journal, October 2001

Activity and Stability of Molybdenum Carbide as a Catalyst for CO2 Reforming
journal, July 2001

Molybdenum Carbide as Alternative Catalysts to Precious Metals for Highly Selective Reduction of CO ₂ to CO
journal, May 2014

Inhibition of hydrogen flux in palladium membranes by pressure–induced restructuring of the membrane surface
journal, August 2017

Recent Developments in Compact Membrane Reactors with Hydrogen Separation
journal, November 2018

Recent developments in compact membrane reactors with hydrogen separation
text, January 2018