Genetic diversity within the botulinum neurotoxin-producing bacteria and their neurotoxins
Abstract
The recent availability of multiple Clostridium botulinum genomic sequences has initiated a new genomics era that strengthens our understanding of the bacterial species that produce botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs). Analysis of the genomes has reinforced the historical Group I–VI designations and provided evidence that the bont genes can be located within the chromosome, phage or plasmids. The sequences provide the opportunity to examine closely the variation among the toxin genes, the composition and organization of the toxin complex, the regions flanking the toxin complex and the location of the toxin within different bacterial strains. These comparisons provide evidence of horizontal gene transfer and site-specific insertion and recombination events that have contributed to the variation observed among the neurotoxins. In this work, examples that have contributed to the variation observed in serotypes A-H strains are presented to illustrate the mechanisms that have contributed to their variation.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1];
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- US Army Medical Research Inst. of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Fort Detrick, MD (United States). Molecular and Translational Sciences Division
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1457238
- Report Number(s):
- LA-UR-15-23061
Journal ID: ISSN 0041-0101
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-06NA25396; U01 AI056493
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Toxicon
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 107; Journal Issue: PA; Journal ID: ISSN 0041-0101
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; 60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; genetic diversity; botulinum neurotoxin; Clostridium botulinum
Citation Formats
Hill, Karen Koons, Xie, Gary, Foley, Brian T., and Smith, Theresa J. Genetic diversity within the botulinum neurotoxin-producing bacteria and their neurotoxins. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.09.011.
Hill, Karen Koons, Xie, Gary, Foley, Brian T., & Smith, Theresa J. Genetic diversity within the botulinum neurotoxin-producing bacteria and their neurotoxins. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.09.011
Hill, Karen Koons, Xie, Gary, Foley, Brian T., and Smith, Theresa J. Fri .
"Genetic diversity within the botulinum neurotoxin-producing bacteria and their neurotoxins". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.09.011. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1457238.
@article{osti_1457238,
title = {Genetic diversity within the botulinum neurotoxin-producing bacteria and their neurotoxins},
author = {Hill, Karen Koons and Xie, Gary and Foley, Brian T. and Smith, Theresa J.},
abstractNote = {The recent availability of multiple Clostridium botulinum genomic sequences has initiated a new genomics era that strengthens our understanding of the bacterial species that produce botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs). Analysis of the genomes has reinforced the historical Group I–VI designations and provided evidence that the bont genes can be located within the chromosome, phage or plasmids. The sequences provide the opportunity to examine closely the variation among the toxin genes, the composition and organization of the toxin complex, the regions flanking the toxin complex and the location of the toxin within different bacterial strains. These comparisons provide evidence of horizontal gene transfer and site-specific insertion and recombination events that have contributed to the variation observed among the neurotoxins. In this work, examples that have contributed to the variation observed in serotypes A-H strains are presented to illustrate the mechanisms that have contributed to their variation.},
doi = {10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.09.011},
journal = {Toxicon},
number = PA,
volume = 107,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Sep 11 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Fri Sep 11 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
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