Numerical and experimental validation for the thermal transmittance of windows with cellular shades
Abstract
Some highly energy efficient window attachment products are available today, but more rapid market adoption would be facilitated by fair performance metrics. It is important to have validated simulation tools to provide a basis for this analysis. This paper outlines a review and validation of the ISO 15099 center-of-glass zero-solar-load heat transfer correlations for windows with cellular shades. Thermal transmittance was measured experimentally, simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis, and simulated utilizing correlations from ISO 15099 as implemented in Berkeley Lab WINDOW and THERM software. CFD analysis showed ISO 15099 underestimates heat flux of rectangular cavities by up to 60% when aspect ratio (AR) = 1 and overestimates heat flux up to 20% when AR = 0.5. CFD analysis also showed that wave-type surfaces of cellular shades have less than 2% impact on heat flux through the cavities and less than 5% for natural convection of room-side surface. WINDOW was shown to accurately represent heat flux of the measured configurations to a mean relative error of 0.5% and standard deviation of 3.8%. Finally, several shade parameters showed significant influence on correlation accuracy, including distance between shade and glass, inconsistency in cell stretch, size of perimeter gaps, and the mountingmore »
- Authors:
-
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Energy Efficiency Office. Building Technologies Office
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1456996
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1548699
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Energy and Buildings
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 166; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0378-7788
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION; Building energy; Windows; Window attachment; Shading; U-factor; Heat transfer; Cellular shade; Honeycomb shade; CFD
Citation Formats
Hart, Robert. Numerical and experimental validation for the thermal transmittance of windows with cellular shades. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.02.017.
Hart, Robert. Numerical and experimental validation for the thermal transmittance of windows with cellular shades. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.02.017
Hart, Robert. Wed .
"Numerical and experimental validation for the thermal transmittance of windows with cellular shades". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.02.017. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1456996.
@article{osti_1456996,
title = {Numerical and experimental validation for the thermal transmittance of windows with cellular shades},
author = {Hart, Robert},
abstractNote = {Some highly energy efficient window attachment products are available today, but more rapid market adoption would be facilitated by fair performance metrics. It is important to have validated simulation tools to provide a basis for this analysis. This paper outlines a review and validation of the ISO 15099 center-of-glass zero-solar-load heat transfer correlations for windows with cellular shades. Thermal transmittance was measured experimentally, simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis, and simulated utilizing correlations from ISO 15099 as implemented in Berkeley Lab WINDOW and THERM software. CFD analysis showed ISO 15099 underestimates heat flux of rectangular cavities by up to 60% when aspect ratio (AR) = 1 and overestimates heat flux up to 20% when AR = 0.5. CFD analysis also showed that wave-type surfaces of cellular shades have less than 2% impact on heat flux through the cavities and less than 5% for natural convection of room-side surface. WINDOW was shown to accurately represent heat flux of the measured configurations to a mean relative error of 0.5% and standard deviation of 3.8%. Finally, several shade parameters showed significant influence on correlation accuracy, including distance between shade and glass, inconsistency in cell stretch, size of perimeter gaps, and the mounting hardware.},
doi = {10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.02.017},
journal = {Energy and Buildings},
number = C,
volume = 166,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Feb 21 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Wed Feb 21 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
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Figures / Tables:
Figure 1: Geometry of a) single-cell, b) cell-in-cell, c) cell-in-cell-in-cell, d) stacked double cell, and e) side view of room-side mounted shade installed in window.
Figures / Tables found in this record: