Interaction modifiers in artificial spin ices

Ostman, Erik; Stopfel, Henry; Chioar, Ioan -Augustin; Arnalds, Unnar B.; Stein, Aaron; Kapaklis, Vassilios; Hjorvarsson, Bjorgvin

doi:10.1038/s41567-017-0027-2

Title: Interaction modifiers in artificial spin ices

Journal Article · 12 February 2018 · Nature Physics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-017-0027-2 · OSTI ID:1454821

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^[1]; Chioar, Ioan -Augustin ^[1]; Arnalds, Unnar B. ^[2];

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Uppsala Univ., Uppsala (Sweden)
Univ. of Iceland, Reykjavik (Iceland)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

The modification of geometry and interactions in two-dimensional magnetic nanosystems has enabled a range of studies addressing the magnetic order, collective low-energy dynamics and emergent magnetic properties in, for example, artificial spin-ice structures. The common denominator of all these investigations is the use of Ising-like mesospins as building blocks, in the form of elongated magnetic islands. Here, we introduce a new approach: single interaction modifiers, using slave mesospins in the form of discs, within which the mesospin is free to rotate in the disc plane1. We show that by placing these on the vertices of square artificial spin-ice arrays and varying their diameter, it is possible to tailor the strength and the ratio of the interaction energies. We demonstrate the existence of degenerate ice-rule-obeying states in square artificial spin-ice structures, enabling the exploration of thermal dynamics in a spin-liquid manifold. Furthermore, we even observe the emergence of flux lattices on larger length scales, when the energy landscape of the vertices is reversed. In conclusion, the work highlights the potential of a design strategy for two-dimensional magnetic nano-architectures, through which mixed dimensionality of mesospins can be used to promote thermally emergent mesoscale magnetic states.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 1454821

Report Number(s):: BNL-205753-2018-JAAM; TRN: US1901156

Journal Information:: Nature Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 4; ISSN 1745-2473

Publisher:: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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