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Title: Probing magnetism in 2D van der Waals crystalline insulators via electron tunneling

Abstract

Magnetic insulators are a key resource for next-generation spintronic and topological devices. The family of layered metal halides promises varied magnetic states, including ultrathin insulating multiferroics, spin liquids, and ferromagnets, but device-oriented characterization methods are needed to unlock their potential. In this paper, we report tunneling through the layered magnetic insulator CrI3 as a function of temperature and applied magnetic field. We electrically detect the magnetic ground state and interlayer coupling and observe a field-induced metamagnetic transition. The metamagnetic transition results in magnetoresistances of 95, 300, and 550% for bilayer, trilayer, and tetralayer CrI3 barriers, respectively. Finally, we further measure inelastic tunneling spectra for our junctions, unveiling a rich spectrum consistent with collective magnetic excitations (magnons) in CrI3.

Authors:
ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Center for Excitonics (CE); Ames Lab. and Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States); Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); International Iberian Nanotechnology Lab., Braga (Portugal); National Inst. for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba (Japan)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (United States); Marie Curie COFUND Programme (European Union); Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) (Portugal); Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) (Japan); Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
OSTI Identifier:
1454360
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1459543
Report Number(s):
IS-J-9697
Journal ID: ISSN 0036-8075; /sci/360/6394/1218.atom
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0001088; AC02-07CH11358; DMR-1231319; 1122374; GBMF4541; GBMF4411; PTDC/FIS-NAN/3668/2014; JP15K21722; JP25106006
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Science
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Science Journal Volume: 360 Journal Issue: 6394; Journal ID: ISSN 0036-8075
Publisher:
AAAS
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY

Citation Formats

Klein, D. R., MacNeill, D., Lado, J. L., Soriano, D., Navarro-Moratalla, E., Watanabe, K., Taniguchi, T., Manni, S., Canfield, P., Fernández-Rossier, J., and Jarillo-Herrero, P. Probing magnetism in 2D van der Waals crystalline insulators via electron tunneling. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1126/science.aar3617.
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Klein, D. R., MacNeill, D., Lado, J. L., Soriano, D., Navarro-Moratalla, E., Watanabe, K., Taniguchi, T., Manni, S., Canfield, P., Fernández-Rossier, J., & Jarillo-Herrero, P. Probing magnetism in 2D van der Waals crystalline insulators via electron tunneling. United States. doi:10.1126/science.aar3617.
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Klein, D. R., MacNeill, D., Lado, J. L., Soriano, D., Navarro-Moratalla, E., Watanabe, K., Taniguchi, T., Manni, S., Canfield, P., Fernández-Rossier, J., and Jarillo-Herrero, P. Thu . "Probing magnetism in 2D van der Waals crystalline insulators via electron tunneling". United States. doi:10.1126/science.aar3617.
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@article{osti_1454360,
title = {Probing magnetism in 2D van der Waals crystalline insulators via electron tunneling},
author = {Klein, D. R. and MacNeill, D. and Lado, J. L. and Soriano, D. and Navarro-Moratalla, E. and Watanabe, K. and Taniguchi, T. and Manni, S. and Canfield, P. and Fernández-Rossier, J. and Jarillo-Herrero, P.},
abstractNote = {Magnetic insulators are a key resource for next-generation spintronic and topological devices. The family of layered metal halides promises varied magnetic states, including ultrathin insulating multiferroics, spin liquids, and ferromagnets, but device-oriented characterization methods are needed to unlock their potential. In this paper, we report tunneling through the layered magnetic insulator CrI3 as a function of temperature and applied magnetic field. We electrically detect the magnetic ground state and interlayer coupling and observe a field-induced metamagnetic transition. The metamagnetic transition results in magnetoresistances of 95, 300, and 550% for bilayer, trilayer, and tetralayer CrI3 barriers, respectively. Finally, we further measure inelastic tunneling spectra for our junctions, unveiling a rich spectrum consistent with collective magnetic excitations (magnons) in CrI3.},
doi = {10.1126/science.aar3617},
journal = {Science},
number = 6394,
volume = 360,
place = {United States},
year = {2018},
month = {5}
}
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DOI: 10.1126/science.aar3617
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