Spontaneous Ionic Polarization in Ammonia-Based Ionic Liquid [Spontaneous Ionic Polarization in Ionic Liquid]

Kim, Ki-jeong; Yuan, Hongtao; Jang, Hoyoung; Kim, Bongju; Seoung, Donghoon; Hikita, Yasuyuki; Hwang, Harold Y.; Lee, Jun -Sik

doi:10.1021/acsaem.8b00383

Title: Spontaneous Ionic Polarization in Ammonia-Based Ionic Liquid [Spontaneous Ionic Polarization in Ionic Liquid]

Abstract

Ionic liquids and gels have attracted attention for a variety of energy storage applications, as well as for high performance electrolytes for batteries and super-capacitors. Although the electronic structure of ionic electrolytes in these applications is of practical importance for device design and improved performance, the understanding of the electronic structure of ionic liquids and gels is still at an early stage. Here we report soft x-ray spectroscopic measurements of the surface electronic structure of a representative ammonia-based ionic gel (DEME-TFSI with PSPMMA- PS copolymer). We observe that near the outermost surface, the area of the anion peak (1s N^- core level in TFSI) is relatively larger than that of the cation peak (N⁺ in DEME). This spontaneous ionic polarization of the electrolyte surface, which is absent for the pure ionic liquid without copolymer, can be directly tuned by the copolymer content in the ionic gel, and further results in a modulation in work function. Finally, these results shed new light on the control of surface electronic properties of ionic electrolytes, as well as a difference between their implementation in ionic liquids and gels.

Authors:

^[1]; Yuan, Hongtao ^[2]; Jang, Hoyoung ^[2]; Kim, Bongju ^[3]; Seoung, Donghoon ^[2]; Hikita, Yasuyuki ^[2]; Hwang, Harold Y. ^[4]; Lee, Jun -Sik ^[2]

Pohang Accelerator Lab., Pohang (South Korea); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)

Publication Date:: 2018-05-24

Research Org.:: SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1452771

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: ACS Applied Energy Materials

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 1; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 2574-0962

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; DEME-TFSI; in situ bias; ionic gel; photoemission spectroscopy; self-polarization; surfaces and interface property

Citation Formats


                    Kim, Ki-jeong, Yuan, Hongtao, Jang, Hoyoung, Kim, Bongju, Seoung, Donghoon, Hikita, Yasuyuki, Hwang, Harold Y., and Lee, Jun -Sik. Spontaneous Ionic Polarization in Ammonia-Based Ionic Liquid [Spontaneous Ionic Polarization in Ionic Liquid].  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1021/acsaem.8b00383.

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                    Kim, Ki-jeong, Yuan, Hongtao, Jang, Hoyoung, Kim, Bongju, Seoung, Donghoon, Hikita, Yasuyuki, Hwang, Harold Y., & Lee, Jun -Sik. Spontaneous Ionic Polarization in Ammonia-Based Ionic Liquid [Spontaneous Ionic Polarization in Ionic Liquid].  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.8b00383

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                    Kim, Ki-jeong, Yuan, Hongtao, Jang, Hoyoung, Kim, Bongju, Seoung, Donghoon, Hikita, Yasuyuki, Hwang, Harold Y., and Lee, Jun -Sik. Thu .  
"Spontaneous Ionic Polarization in Ammonia-Based Ionic Liquid [Spontaneous Ionic Polarization in Ionic Liquid]".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.8b00383.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1452771.

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@article{osti_1452771,

  title        = {Spontaneous Ionic Polarization in Ammonia-Based Ionic Liquid [Spontaneous Ionic Polarization in Ionic Liquid]},

  author       = {Kim, Ki-jeong and Yuan, Hongtao and Jang, Hoyoung and Kim, Bongju and Seoung, Donghoon and Hikita, Yasuyuki and Hwang, Harold Y. and Lee, Jun -Sik},

  abstractNote = {Ionic liquids and gels have attracted attention for a variety of energy storage applications, as well as for high performance electrolytes for batteries and super-capacitors. Although the electronic structure of ionic electrolytes in these applications is of practical importance for device design and improved performance, the understanding of the electronic structure of ionic liquids and gels is still at an early stage. Here we report soft x-ray spectroscopic measurements of the surface electronic structure of a representative ammonia-based ionic gel (DEME-TFSI with PSPMMA- PS copolymer). We observe that near the outermost surface, the area of the anion peak (1s N- core level in TFSI) is relatively larger than that of the cation peak (N+ in DEME). This spontaneous ionic polarization of the electrolyte surface, which is absent for the pure ionic liquid without copolymer, can be directly tuned by the copolymer content in the ionic gel, and further results in a modulation in work function. Finally, these results shed new light on the control of surface electronic properties of ionic electrolytes, as well as a difference between their implementation in ionic liquids and gels.},

  doi          = {10.1021/acsaem.8b00383},

  journal      = {ACS Applied Energy Materials},

  number       = 6,

  volume       = 1,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2018},

  month        = {5}

}

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Figures / Tables:

Figure 1: (a) Schematic diagrams of the ionic DEME and TFSI molecular structures, as well as the copolymer PS-PMMA-PS. Inset photos contrast the viscosity and adhesion of the IG with the flow of the IL when the container is inverted. XPS (b) and XAS (c) measurements on the IL andmore »

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