Survivability of Autonomous Microgrid during Overload Events

Du, Wei; Lasseter, Robert H.; Khalsa, Amrit S.

doi:10.1109/TSG.2018.2829438

Title: Survivability of Autonomous Microgrid during Overload Events

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Abstract

Grid-forming sources are voltage sources that draw necessary currents to meet any load changes. A load step can cause part or all of these sources to become overloaded in a microgrid. This paper presents an overload mitigation controller that addresses the two overload issues in a microgrid by actively controlling the sources’ frequency. When part of the sources in a microgrid is overloaded, the controller autonomously transfers the extra load to other sources by rapidly reducing its frequency. The frequency difference between sources during transient results in a change of phase angle, which redistributes the power flow. When all sources in a microgrid are overloaded, each source keeps dropping the frequency. Therefore, under frequency load shedding can be used to trip the non-critical loads resulting in the survival of microgrid. The advantages of these concepts are that communications between sources are not needed during transient, and the robust voltage control is maintained. Simulation and field tests from CERTS/AEP microgrid test site verify that the control strategy is effective in both purely inverter-based microgrids and inverter & generator mixed microgrids.

Authors:

Du, Wei ^[1]; Lasseter, Robert H. ^[2]; Khalsa, Amrit S. ^[3]

Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering
American Electric Power, Groveport, OH (United States)

Publication Date:: Mon Apr 23 00:00:00 EDT 2018

Research Org.:: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Electricity (OE)

OSTI Identifier:: 1438244

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1567194

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-134116
Journal ID: ISSN 1949-3053

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 10; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 1949-3053

Publisher:: IEEE

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION; Microgrids; Frequency control; Voltage control; Inverters; Transient analysis; Switches; survivability; overload mitigation; grid-forming source; droop control

Citation Formats


                    Du, Wei, Lasseter, Robert H., and Khalsa, Amrit S. Survivability of Autonomous Microgrid during Overload Events.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1109/TSG.2018.2829438.

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                    Du, Wei, Lasseter, Robert H., & Khalsa, Amrit S. Survivability of Autonomous Microgrid during Overload Events.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2018.2829438

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                    Du, Wei, Lasseter, Robert H., and Khalsa, Amrit S. Mon .  
"Survivability of Autonomous Microgrid during Overload Events".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2018.2829438.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1438244.

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@article{osti_1438244,

  title        = {Survivability of Autonomous Microgrid during Overload Events},

  author       = {Du, Wei and Lasseter, Robert H. and Khalsa, Amrit S.},

  abstractNote = {Grid-forming sources are voltage sources that draw necessary currents to meet any load changes. A load step can cause part or all of these sources to become overloaded in a microgrid. This paper presents an overload mitigation controller that addresses the two overload issues in a microgrid by actively controlling the sources’ frequency. When part of the sources in a microgrid is overloaded, the controller autonomously transfers the extra load to other sources by rapidly reducing its frequency. The frequency difference between sources during transient results in a change of phase angle, which redistributes the power flow. When all sources in a microgrid are overloaded, each source keeps dropping the frequency. Therefore, under frequency load shedding can be used to trip the non-critical loads resulting in the survival of microgrid. The advantages of these concepts are that communications between sources are not needed during transient, and the robust voltage control is maintained. Simulation and field tests from CERTS/AEP microgrid test site verify that the control strategy is effective in both purely inverter-based microgrids and inverter & generator mixed microgrids.},

  doi          = {10.1109/TSG.2018.2829438},

  journal      = {IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid},

  number       = 4,

  volume       = 10,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Apr 23 00:00:00 EDT 2018},

  month        = {Mon Apr 23 00:00:00 EDT 2018}

}

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