Enabling Resiliency Operations across Multiple Microgrids with Grid Friendly Appliance Controllers

Schneider, Kevin P.; Tuffner, Frank K.; Elizondo, Marcelo A.; Liu, Chen Ching; Xu, Yin; Backhaus, Scott; Ton, Dan

doi:10.1109/TSG.2017.2669642

Title: Enabling Resiliency Operations across Multiple Microgrids with Grid Friendly Appliance Controllers

Abstract

Changes in economic, technological, and environmental policies are resulting in a re-evaluation of the dependence on large central generation facilities and their associated transmission networks. Emerging concepts of smart communities/cities are examining the potential to leverage cleaner sources of generation, as well as integrating electricity generation with other municipal functions. When grid connected, these generation assets can supplement the existing interconnections with the bulk transmission system, and in the event of an extreme event, they can provide power via a collection of microgrids. To achieve the highest level of resiliency, it may be necessary to conduct switching operations to interconnect individual microgrids. While the interconnection of multiple microgrids can increase the resiliency of the system, the associated switching operations can cause large transients in low inertia microgrids. The combination of low system inertia and IEEE 1547 and 1547a-compliant inverters can prevent multiple microgrids from being interconnected during extreme weather events. This study will present a method of using end-use loads equipped with Grid Friendly™ Appliance controllers to facilitate the switching operations between multiple microgrids; operations that are necessary for optimal operations when islanded for resiliency.

Authors:

^[1];

^[1]; Elizondo, Marcelo A. ^[1]; Liu, Chen Ching ^[2];

^[2]; Backhaus, Scott ^[3]; Ton, Dan ^[4]

Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Seattle, WA (United States). Battelle Seattle Research Center
Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Dept. of Energy (DOE), Washington DC (United States). Office of Energy Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE)

Publication Date:: 2017-02-16

Research Org.:: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1438227

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-122125
Journal ID: ISSN 1949-3053

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 9; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 1949-3053

Publisher:: IEEE

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION; distribution system analysis; inrush; power simulation; power modeling; resiliency; restoration; smart city; smart grid

Citation Formats


                    Schneider, Kevin P., Tuffner, Frank K., Elizondo, Marcelo A., Liu, Chen Ching, Xu, Yin, Backhaus, Scott, and Ton, Dan. Enabling Resiliency Operations across Multiple Microgrids with Grid Friendly Appliance Controllers.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1109/TSG.2017.2669642.

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                    Schneider, Kevin P., Tuffner, Frank K., Elizondo, Marcelo A., Liu, Chen Ching, Xu, Yin, Backhaus, Scott, & Ton, Dan. Enabling Resiliency Operations across Multiple Microgrids with Grid Friendly Appliance Controllers.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2017.2669642

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                    Schneider, Kevin P., Tuffner, Frank K., Elizondo, Marcelo A., Liu, Chen Ching, Xu, Yin, Backhaus, Scott, and Ton, Dan. Thu .  
"Enabling Resiliency Operations across Multiple Microgrids with Grid Friendly Appliance Controllers".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2017.2669642.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1438227.

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@article{osti_1438227,

  title        = {Enabling Resiliency Operations across Multiple Microgrids with Grid Friendly Appliance Controllers},

  author       = {Schneider, Kevin P. and Tuffner, Frank K. and Elizondo, Marcelo A. and Liu, Chen Ching and Xu, Yin and Backhaus, Scott and Ton, Dan},

  abstractNote = {Changes in economic, technological, and environmental policies are resulting in a re-evaluation of the dependence on large central generation facilities and their associated transmission networks. Emerging concepts of smart communities/cities are examining the potential to leverage cleaner sources of generation, as well as integrating electricity generation with other municipal functions. When grid connected, these generation assets can supplement the existing interconnections with the bulk transmission system, and in the event of an extreme event, they can provide power via a collection of microgrids. To achieve the highest level of resiliency, it may be necessary to conduct switching operations to interconnect individual microgrids. While the interconnection of multiple microgrids can increase the resiliency of the system, the associated switching operations can cause large transients in low inertia microgrids. The combination of low system inertia and IEEE 1547 and 1547a-compliant inverters can prevent multiple microgrids from being interconnected during extreme weather events. This study will present a method of using end-use loads equipped with Grid Friendly™ Appliance controllers to facilitate the switching operations between multiple microgrids; operations that are necessary for optimal operations when islanded for resiliency.},

  doi          = {10.1109/TSG.2017.2669642},

  journal      = {IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid},

  number       = 5,

  volume       = 9,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2017},

  month        = {2}

}

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Figure 1: IEEE 123-node Test System with three microgrids highlighted

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