Genetic manipulation of competition for nitrate between heterotrophic bacteria and diatoms
Abstract
Diatoms are a dominant group of eukaryotic phytoplankton that contribute substantially to global primary production and the cycling of important elements such as carbon and nitrogen. Heterotrophic bacteria, including members of the gammaproteobacteria, are commonly associated with diatom populations and may rely on them for organic carbon while potentially competing with them for other essential nutrients. Considering that bacterioplankton drive oceanic release of CO2 (i.e., bacterial respiration) while diatoms drive ocean carbon sequestration vial the biological pump, the outcome of such competition could influence the direction and magnitude of carbon flux in the upper ocean. Nitrate availability is commonly a determining factor for the growth of diatom populations, particularly in coastal and upwelling regions. Diatoms as well as many bacterial species can utilize nitrate, however the ability of bacteria to compete for nitrate may be hindered by carbon limitation. Here we have developed a genetically tractable model system using the pennate diatom Phaeodactylurn tricomuturn and the widespread heterotrophic bacteria Alterornonas macleodii to examine carbon-nitrogen dynamics. While subsisting solely on P tricomutum derived carbon. A. macleodii does not appear to be an effective competitor for nitrate, and may in fact benefit the diatom; particularly in stationary phase. However, allochthonous dissolved organicmore »
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States). Integrative Oceanography Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography; J. Craig Venter Inst., La Jolla, CA (United States). Microbial and Environmental Genomics Group
- J. Craig Venter Inst., La Jolla, CA (United States). Microbial and Environmental Genomics Group
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1287173
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1438053
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0008593; GBMF3828; GBMF5006; OCE-1136477
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Frontiers in Microbiology
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 1664-302X
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Research Foundation
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; diatoms; bacteria; nitrate; competition; genetic manipulation; transcriptomics; Phaeodactylum; Alteromonas; dissolved organic nitrogen; whole-cell response; phaeodactylum-tricornutum; alteromonas-macleodii; marine-bacteria; phytoplankton cultures; assimilation genes; iron starvation; growth; sea
Citation Formats
Diner, Rachel E., Schwenck, Sarah M., McCrow, John P., Zheng, Hong, and Allen, Andrew E. Genetic manipulation of competition for nitrate between heterotrophic bacteria and diatoms. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.00880.
Diner, Rachel E., Schwenck, Sarah M., McCrow, John P., Zheng, Hong, & Allen, Andrew E. Genetic manipulation of competition for nitrate between heterotrophic bacteria and diatoms. United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00880
Diner, Rachel E., Schwenck, Sarah M., McCrow, John P., Zheng, Hong, and Allen, Andrew E. Thu .
"Genetic manipulation of competition for nitrate between heterotrophic bacteria and diatoms". United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00880. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1287173.
@article{osti_1287173,
title = {Genetic manipulation of competition for nitrate between heterotrophic bacteria and diatoms},
author = {Diner, Rachel E. and Schwenck, Sarah M. and McCrow, John P. and Zheng, Hong and Allen, Andrew E.},
abstractNote = {Diatoms are a dominant group of eukaryotic phytoplankton that contribute substantially to global primary production and the cycling of important elements such as carbon and nitrogen. Heterotrophic bacteria, including members of the gammaproteobacteria, are commonly associated with diatom populations and may rely on them for organic carbon while potentially competing with them for other essential nutrients. Considering that bacterioplankton drive oceanic release of CO2 (i.e., bacterial respiration) while diatoms drive ocean carbon sequestration vial the biological pump, the outcome of such competition could influence the direction and magnitude of carbon flux in the upper ocean. Nitrate availability is commonly a determining factor for the growth of diatom populations, particularly in coastal and upwelling regions. Diatoms as well as many bacterial species can utilize nitrate, however the ability of bacteria to compete for nitrate may be hindered by carbon limitation. Here we have developed a genetically tractable model system using the pennate diatom Phaeodactylurn tricomuturn and the widespread heterotrophic bacteria Alterornonas macleodii to examine carbon-nitrogen dynamics. While subsisting solely on P tricomutum derived carbon. A. macleodii does not appear to be an effective competitor for nitrate, and may in fact benefit the diatom; particularly in stationary phase. However, allochthonous dissolved organic carbon addition in the form of pyruvate triggers A. macleodir proliferation and nitrate uptake, leading to reduced P tricornutum growth. Nitrate reductase deficient mutants of A, macleodii (AnasA) do not exhibit such explosive growth and associated competitive ability in response to allochthonous carbon when nitrate is the sole nitrogen source, but could survive by utilizing solely P tricomutum-derived nitrogen. Furthermore, allocthonous carbon addition enables wild-type A. macleodil to rescue nitrate reductase deficient P tricomutum populations from nitrogen starvation, and RNA-seq transcriptomic evidence supports nitrogen-based interactions between diatoms and bacteria at the molecular level. This study provides key insights into the roles of carbon and nitrogen in phytoplankton-bacteria dynamics and lays the foundation for developing a mechanistic understanding of these interactions using co-culturing and genetic manipulation.},
doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2016.00880},
journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology},
number = ,
volume = 7,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jun 09 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Thu Jun 09 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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