Upgraded flowing liquid lithium limiter for improving Li coverage uniformity and erosion resistance in EAST device

Zuo, G. Z.; Hu, J. S.; Maingi, R.; Yang, Q. X.; Sun, Z.; Huang, M.; Chen, Y.; Yuan, X. L.; Meng, X. C.; Xu, W.; Gentile, C.; Carpe, A.; Diallo, A.; Lunsford, R.; Mansfield, D.; Osborne, T.; Tritz, K.; Li, J. G.

doi:10.1063/1.4997806

Title: Upgraded flowing liquid lithium limiter for improving Li coverage uniformity and erosion resistance in EAST device

Abstract

In this paper, we report on design and technology improvements for a flowing liquid lithium (FLiLi) limiter inserted into auxiliary heated discharges in the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak device. In order to enhance Li coverage uniformity and erosion resistance, a new liquid Li distributor with homogenous channels was implemented. In addition, two independent electromagnetic pumps and a new horizontal capillary structure contributed to an improvement in the observed Li flow uniformity (from 30% in the previous FLiLi design to >80% in this FLiLi design). To improve limiter surface erosion resistance, hot isostatic press technology was applied, which improved the thermal contact between thin stainless steel protective layers covering the Cu heat sink. The thickness of the stainless steel layer was increased from 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, which also helped macroscopic erosion resilience. Finally, despite the high auxiliary heating power up to 4.5 MW, no Li bursts were recorded from FLiLi, underscoring the improved performance of this new design.

Authors:

Zuo, G. Z. ^[1]; Hu, J. S. ^[1]; Maingi, R. ^[2]; Yang, Q. X. ^[1]; Sun, Z. ^[1]; Huang, M. ^[1]; Chen, Y. ^[1];

^[1]; Meng, X. C. ^[3]; Xu, W. ^[1]; Gentile, C. ^[2]; Carpe, A. ^[2]; Diallo, A. ^[2]; Lunsford, R. ^[2]; Mansfield, D. ^[2]; Osborne, T. ^[4]; Tritz, K. ^[5]; Li, J. G. ^[1]

Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hefei (China). Inst. of Plasma Physics
Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
Hunan Univ., Changsha (China). Dept. of Applied Physics
General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States)

Publication Date:: Thu Dec 14 00:00:00 EST 2017

Research Org.:: Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hefei (China)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE; National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science Program of China

OSTI Identifier:: 1437606

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-09CH11466; 2017YFA0402500; 11775261; 11625524; 11605246; 11075185; 11021565; 2013GB114004

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Review of Scientific Instruments

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 88; Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 0034-6748

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY

Citation Formats


                    Zuo, G. Z., Hu, J. S., Maingi, R., Yang, Q. X., Sun, Z., Huang, M., Chen, Y., Yuan, X. L., Meng, X. C., Xu, W., Gentile, C., Carpe, A., Diallo, A., Lunsford, R., Mansfield, D., Osborne, T., Tritz, K., and Li, J. G. Upgraded flowing liquid lithium limiter for improving Li coverage uniformity and erosion resistance in EAST device.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1063/1.4997806.

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                    Zuo, G. Z., Hu, J. S., Maingi, R., Yang, Q. X., Sun, Z., Huang, M., Chen, Y., Yuan, X. L., Meng, X. C., Xu, W., Gentile, C., Carpe, A., Diallo, A., Lunsford, R., Mansfield, D., Osborne, T., Tritz, K., & Li, J. G. Upgraded flowing liquid lithium limiter for improving Li coverage uniformity and erosion resistance in EAST device.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4997806

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                    Zuo, G. Z., Hu, J. S., Maingi, R., Yang, Q. X., Sun, Z., Huang, M., Chen, Y., Yuan, X. L., Meng, X. C., Xu, W., Gentile, C., Carpe, A., Diallo, A., Lunsford, R., Mansfield, D., Osborne, T., Tritz, K., and Li, J. G. Thu .  
"Upgraded flowing liquid lithium limiter for improving Li coverage uniformity and erosion resistance in EAST device".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4997806.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1437606.

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@article{osti_1437606,

  title        = {Upgraded flowing liquid lithium limiter for improving Li coverage uniformity and erosion resistance in EAST device},

  author       = {Zuo, G. Z. and Hu, J. S. and Maingi, R. and Yang, Q. X. and Sun, Z. and Huang, M. and Chen, Y. and Yuan, X. L. and Meng, X. C. and Xu, W. and Gentile, C. and Carpe, A. and Diallo, A. and Lunsford, R. and Mansfield, D. and Osborne, T. and Tritz, K. and Li, J. G.},

  abstractNote = {In this paper, we report on design and technology improvements for a flowing liquid lithium (FLiLi) limiter inserted into auxiliary heated discharges in the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak device. In order to enhance Li coverage uniformity and erosion resistance, a new liquid Li distributor with homogenous channels was implemented. In addition, two independent electromagnetic pumps and a new horizontal capillary structure contributed to an improvement in the observed Li flow uniformity (from 30% in the previous FLiLi design to >80% in this FLiLi design). To improve limiter surface erosion resistance, hot isostatic press technology was applied, which improved the thermal contact between thin stainless steel protective layers covering the Cu heat sink. The thickness of the stainless steel layer was increased from 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, which also helped macroscopic erosion resilience. Finally, despite the high auxiliary heating power up to 4.5 MW, no Li bursts were recorded from FLiLi, underscoring the improved performance of this new design.},

  doi          = {10.1063/1.4997806},

  journal      = {Review of Scientific Instruments},

  number       = 12,

  volume       = 88,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Dec 14 00:00:00 EST 2017},

  month        = {Thu Dec 14 00:00:00 EST 2017}

}

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Journal Article:

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https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4997806

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Cited by: 13 works

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Figures / Tables:

Fig.1: Distributor pictures: (a) distributor processing schematic drawings and (b) pictures of finished distributor.

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Works referenced in this record:

Performance projections for the lithium tokamak experiment (LTX)
journal, April 2009

Majeski, R.; Berzak, L.; Gray, T.
Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 49, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1088/0029-5515/49/5/055014

Compatibility of lithium plasma-facing surfaces with high edge temperatures in the Lithium Tokamak Experiment
journal, May 2017

Majeski, R.; Bell, R. E.; Boyle, D. P.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, Issue 5
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Plasma–lithium interaction in the CDX-U spherical torus
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Antar, G. Y.; Doerner, R. P.; Kaita, R.
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Effects of large area liquid lithium limiters on spherical torus plasmas
journal, March 2005

Kaita, R.; Majeski, R.; Boaz, M.
Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 337-339
DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.10.019

Resistance Of Solid Surfaces To Wetting By Water
journal, August 1936

Wenzel, Robert N.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry, Vol. 28, Issue 8, p. 988-994
DOI: 10.1021/ie50320a024

Experiments with lithium limiter on T-11M tokamak and applications of the lithium capillary-pore system in future fusion reactor devices
journal, May 2006

Mirnov, S. V.; Azizov, E. A.; Evtikhin, V. A.
Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 48, Issue 6
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Liquid lithium surface control and its effect on plasma performance in the HT-7 tokamak
journal, December 2014

Zuo, G. Z.; Ren, J.; Hu, J. S.
Fusion Engineering and Design, Vol. 89, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.05.020

Lithium erosion experiments and modelling under quiescent plasma conditions in DIII-D
journal, April 2004

Allain, J. P.; Whyte, D. G.; Brooks, J. N.
Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 44, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1088/0029-5515/44/5/009

First results of the use of a continuously flowing lithium limiter in high performance discharges in the EAST device
journal, March 2016

Hu, J. S.; Zuo, G. Z.; Ren, J.
Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 56, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1088/0029-5515/56/4/046011

An overview of lithium experiments on HT-7 and EAST during 2012
journal, December 2014

Hu, J. S.; Ren, J.; Sun, Z.
Fusion Engineering and Design, Vol. 89, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.06.015

Methods and preliminary measurement results of liquid Li wettability
journal, February 2014

Zuo, G. Z.; Hu, J. S.; Ren, J.
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 85, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1063/1.4865118

Recent progress in the NSTX/NSTX-U lithium programme and prospects for reactor-relevant liquid-lithium based divertor development
journal, October 2013

Ono, M.; Jaworski, M. A.; Kaita, R.
Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 53, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1088/0029-5515/53/11/113030

Overview of plasma–material interaction experiments on EAST employing MAPES
journal, December 2014

Ding, Fang; Luo, Guang-Nan; Pitts, Richard A.
Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 455, Issue 1-3
DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.09.017

First results of lithium experiments on EAST and HT-7
journal, August 2011

Zuo, G. Z.; Hu, J. S.; Li, J. G.
Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 415, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.08.052

Actively convected liquid metal divertor
journal, October 2014

Shimada, Michiya; Hirooka, Yoshi
Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 54, Issue 12
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Liquid lithium divertor system for fusion reactor
journal, June 2009

Nagayama, Yoshio
Fusion Engineering and Design, Vol. 84, Issue 7-11
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Overview of the FTU results
journal, September 2007

Pericoli-Ridolfini, V.; Alekseyev, A.; Angelini, B.
Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 47, Issue 10
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Review of FTU results with the liquid lithium limiter
journal, November 2010

Mazzitelli, G.; Apicella, M. L.; Ridolfini, V. Pericoli
Fusion Engineering and Design, Vol. 85, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2010.08.038

Liquid-metal plasma-facing component research on the National Spherical Torus Experiment
journal, November 2013

Jaworski, M. A.; Khodak, A.; Kaita, R.
Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 55, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1088/0741-3335/55/12/124040

Plasma-material interactions in current tokamaks and their implications for next step fusion reactors
journal, December 2001

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Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 41, Issue 12
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Works referencing / citing this record:

Mapping of the HIDRA stellarator magnetic flux surfaces
journal, September 2019

Rizkallah, Rabel; Marcinko, Steven; Curreli, Davide
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1063/1.5100744

Results from an improved flowing liquid lithium limiter with increased flow uniformity in high power plasmas in EAST
journal, November 2018

Zuo, G. Z.; Hu, J. S.; Maingi, R.
Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/aaedcb

Figures / Tables found in this record:

Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.

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Similar Records

Title: Upgraded flowing liquid lithium limiter for improving Li coverage uniformity and erosion resistance in EAST device

Abstract

Citation Formats

Figures / Tables:

Performance projections for the lithium tokamak experiment (LTX) journal, April 2009

Compatibility of lithium plasma-facing surfaces with high edge temperatures in the Lithium Tokamak Experiment journal, May 2017

Plasma–lithium interaction in the CDX-U spherical torus journal, May 2002

Effects of large area liquid lithium limiters on spherical torus plasmas journal, March 2005

Resistance Of Solid Surfaces To Wetting By Water journal, August 1936

Experiments with lithium limiter on T-11M tokamak and applications of the lithium capillary-pore system in future fusion reactor devices journal, May 2006

Liquid lithium surface control and its effect on plasma performance in the HT-7 tokamak journal, December 2014

Lithium erosion experiments and modelling under quiescent plasma conditions in DIII-D journal, April 2004

First results of the use of a continuously flowing lithium limiter in high performance discharges in the EAST device journal, March 2016

An overview of lithium experiments on HT-7 and EAST during 2012 journal, December 2014

Methods and preliminary measurement results of liquid Li wettability journal, February 2014

Recent progress in the NSTX/NSTX-U lithium programme and prospects for reactor-relevant liquid-lithium based divertor development journal, October 2013

Overview of plasma–material interaction experiments on EAST employing MAPES journal, December 2014

First results of lithium experiments on EAST and HT-7 journal, August 2011

Actively convected liquid metal divertor journal, October 2014

Liquid lithium divertor system for fusion reactor journal, June 2009

Overview of the FTU results journal, September 2007

Review of FTU results with the liquid lithium limiter journal, November 2010

Liquid-metal plasma-facing component research on the National Spherical Torus Experiment journal, November 2013

Plasma-material interactions in current tokamaks and their implications for next step fusion reactors journal, December 2001

Mapping of the HIDRA stellarator magnetic flux surfaces journal, September 2019

Results from an improved flowing liquid lithium limiter with increased flow uniformity in high power plasmas in EAST journal, November 2018

Performance projections for the lithium tokamak experiment (LTX)
journal, April 2009

Compatibility of lithium plasma-facing surfaces with high edge temperatures in the Lithium Tokamak Experiment
journal, May 2017

Plasma–lithium interaction in the CDX-U spherical torus
journal, May 2002

Effects of large area liquid lithium limiters on spherical torus plasmas
journal, March 2005

Resistance Of Solid Surfaces To Wetting By Water
journal, August 1936

Experiments with lithium limiter on T-11M tokamak and applications of the lithium capillary-pore system in future fusion reactor devices
journal, May 2006

Liquid lithium surface control and its effect on plasma performance in the HT-7 tokamak
journal, December 2014

Lithium erosion experiments and modelling under quiescent plasma conditions in DIII-D
journal, April 2004

First results of the use of a continuously flowing lithium limiter in high performance discharges in the EAST device
journal, March 2016

An overview of lithium experiments on HT-7 and EAST during 2012
journal, December 2014

Methods and preliminary measurement results of liquid Li wettability
journal, February 2014

Recent progress in the NSTX/NSTX-U lithium programme and prospects for reactor-relevant liquid-lithium based divertor development
journal, October 2013

Overview of plasma–material interaction experiments on EAST employing MAPES
journal, December 2014

First results of lithium experiments on EAST and HT-7
journal, August 2011

Actively convected liquid metal divertor
journal, October 2014

Liquid lithium divertor system for fusion reactor
journal, June 2009

Overview of the FTU results
journal, September 2007

Review of FTU results with the liquid lithium limiter
journal, November 2010

Liquid-metal plasma-facing component research on the National Spherical Torus Experiment
journal, November 2013

Plasma-material interactions in current tokamaks and their implications for next step fusion reactors
journal, December 2001

Mapping of the HIDRA stellarator magnetic flux surfaces
journal, September 2019

Results from an improved flowing liquid lithium limiter with increased flow uniformity in high power plasmas in EAST
journal, November 2018