Impacts of aerosols on seasonal precipitation and snowpack in California based on convection-permitting WRF-Chem simulations
Abstract
Here, a version of the WRF-Chem model with fully coupled aerosol–meteorology–snowpack is employed to investigate the impacts of various aerosol sources on precipitation and snowpack in California. In particular, the impacts of locally emitted anthropogenic and dust aerosols, and aerosols transported from outside California are studied. We differentiate three pathways of aerosol effects: aerosol–radiation interaction (ARI), aerosol–snow interaction (ASI), and aerosol–cloud interaction (ACI). The convection-permitting model simulations show that precipitation, snow water equivalent (SWE), and surface air temperature averaged over the whole domain (34–42° N, 117–124° W, not including ocean points) are reduced when aerosols are included, therefore reducing large biases in these variables due to the absence of aerosol effects in the model. Aerosols affect California water resources through the warming of mountaintops and the reduction of precipitation; however, different aerosol sources play different roles in changing surface temperature, precipitation, and snowpack in California by means of various weights of the three pathways. ARI by all aerosols mainly cools the surface, leading to slightly increased SWE over the mountains. Locally emitted dust aerosols warm the surface of mountaintops through ASI, in which the reduced snow albedo associated with dusty snow leads to more surface absorption of solar radiation andmore »
- Authors:
-
[2];
[2];
- California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
- Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
- Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States)
- Univ. of Science and Technology of China, Anhui (China)
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States); Ewha Womans Univ., Seoul (South Korea)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1437033
- Report Number(s):
- PNNL-SA-134486
Journal ID: ISSN 1680-7324
- Grant/Contract Number:
- EPC-14-064; AC05-76RL01830
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online); Journal Volume: 18; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 1680-7324
- Publisher:
- European Geosciences Union
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Citation Formats
Wu, Longtao, Gu, Yu, Jiang, Jonathan H., Su, Hui, Yu, Nanpeng, Zhao, Chun, Qian, Yun, Zhao, Bin, Liou, Kuo -Nan, and Choi, Yong -Sang. Impacts of aerosols on seasonal precipitation and snowpack in California based on convection-permitting WRF-Chem simulations. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.5194/acp-18-5529-2018.
Wu, Longtao, Gu, Yu, Jiang, Jonathan H., Su, Hui, Yu, Nanpeng, Zhao, Chun, Qian, Yun, Zhao, Bin, Liou, Kuo -Nan, & Choi, Yong -Sang. Impacts of aerosols on seasonal precipitation and snowpack in California based on convection-permitting WRF-Chem simulations. United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5529-2018
Wu, Longtao, Gu, Yu, Jiang, Jonathan H., Su, Hui, Yu, Nanpeng, Zhao, Chun, Qian, Yun, Zhao, Bin, Liou, Kuo -Nan, and Choi, Yong -Sang. Mon .
"Impacts of aerosols on seasonal precipitation and snowpack in California based on convection-permitting WRF-Chem simulations". United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5529-2018. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1437033.
@article{osti_1437033,
title = {Impacts of aerosols on seasonal precipitation and snowpack in California based on convection-permitting WRF-Chem simulations},
author = {Wu, Longtao and Gu, Yu and Jiang, Jonathan H. and Su, Hui and Yu, Nanpeng and Zhao, Chun and Qian, Yun and Zhao, Bin and Liou, Kuo -Nan and Choi, Yong -Sang},
abstractNote = {Here, a version of the WRF-Chem model with fully coupled aerosol–meteorology–snowpack is employed to investigate the impacts of various aerosol sources on precipitation and snowpack in California. In particular, the impacts of locally emitted anthropogenic and dust aerosols, and aerosols transported from outside California are studied. We differentiate three pathways of aerosol effects: aerosol–radiation interaction (ARI), aerosol–snow interaction (ASI), and aerosol–cloud interaction (ACI). The convection-permitting model simulations show that precipitation, snow water equivalent (SWE), and surface air temperature averaged over the whole domain (34–42° N, 117–124° W, not including ocean points) are reduced when aerosols are included, therefore reducing large biases in these variables due to the absence of aerosol effects in the model. Aerosols affect California water resources through the warming of mountaintops and the reduction of precipitation; however, different aerosol sources play different roles in changing surface temperature, precipitation, and snowpack in California by means of various weights of the three pathways. ARI by all aerosols mainly cools the surface, leading to slightly increased SWE over the mountains. Locally emitted dust aerosols warm the surface of mountaintops through ASI, in which the reduced snow albedo associated with dusty snow leads to more surface absorption of solar radiation and reduced SWE. Transported aerosols and local anthropogenic aerosols play a dominant role in increasing nonprecipitating clouds but reducing precipitation through ACI, leading to reduced SWE and runoff on the Sierra Nevada, as well as the warming of mountaintops associated with decreased SWE and hence lower surface albedo. The average changes in surface temperature from October 2012 to June 2013 are about –0.19 and 0.22 K for the whole domain and over mountaintops, respectively. Overall, the averaged reduction during October to June is about 7 % for precipitation, 3 % for SWE, and 7 % for surface runoff for the whole domain, while the corresponding numbers are 12, 10, and 10 % for the mountaintops. The reduction in SWE is more significant in a dry year, with 9 % for the whole domain and 16 % for the mountaintops. The maximum reduction of ~20 % in precipitation occurs in May and is associated with the maximum aerosol loading, leading to the largest decrease in SWE and surface runoff over that period. It is also found that dust aerosols can cause early snowmelt on the mountaintops and reduced surface runoff after April.},
doi = {10.5194/acp-18-5529-2018},
journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online)},
number = 8,
volume = 18,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Apr 23 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Mon Apr 23 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 9 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Radiative forcing and climate response
journal, March 1997
- Hansen, J.; Sato, M.; Ruedy, R.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 102, Issue D6
Climate response of fossil fuel and biofuel soot, accounting for soot's feedback to snow and sea ice albedo and emissivity: SOOT CLIMATE EFFECTS THROUGH SNOW/ICE
journal, November 2004
- Jacobson, Mark Z.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 109, Issue D21
Aerosol indirect effect over the Indian Ocean
journal, January 2006
- Chylek, Petr; Dubey, M. K.; Lohmann, U.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 33, Issue 6
Flood or Drought: How Do Aerosols Affect Precipitation?
journal, September 2008
- Rosenfeld, D.; Lohmann, U.; Raga, G. B.
- Science, Vol. 321, Issue 5894
Measured black carbon deposition on the Sierra Nevada snow pack and implication for snow pack retreat
journal, January 2010
- Hadley, O. L.; Corrigan, C. E.; Kirchstetter, T. W.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 15
Rapid calculation of radiative heating rates and photodissociation rates in inhomogeneous multiple scattering atmospheres
journal, January 1989
- Toon, Owen B.; McKay, C. P.; Ackerman, T. P.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 94, Issue D13
Springtime warming and reduced snow cover from carbonaceous particles
journal, January 2009
- Flanner, M. G.; Zender, C. S.; Hess, P. G.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 7
Mineral dust transport to the Sierra Nevada, California: Loading rates and potential source areas
journal, January 2011
- Vicars, William C.; Sickman, James O.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116, Issue G1
WRF-Chem simulation of aerosol seasonal variability in the San Joaquin Valley
journal, January 2017
- Wu, Longtao; Su, Hui; Kalashnikova, Olga V.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 12
Fully coupled “online” chemistry within the WRF model
journal, December 2005
- Grell, Georg A.; Peckham, Steven E.; Schmitz, Rainer
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 39, Issue 37
Systematic Patterns of the Inconsistency between Snow Water Equivalent and Accumulated Precipitation as Reported by the Snowpack Telemetry Network
journal, December 2012
- Meyer, Jonathan D. D.; Jin, Jiming; Wang, Shih-Yu
- Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 13, Issue 6
Benefit of convection permitting climate model simulations in the representation of convective precipitation
journal, August 2014
- Fosser, G.; Khodayar, S.; Berg, P.
- Climate Dynamics, Vol. 44, Issue 1-2
Impact of buildings on surface solar radiation over urban Beijing
journal, January 2016
- Zhao, Bin; Liou, Kuo-Nan; Gu, Yu
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 9
Effects of aerosols on precipitation from orographic clouds: EFFECTS OF AEROSOLS ON PRECIPITATION
journal, May 2007
- Lynn, Barry; Khain, Alexander; Rosenfeld, Daniel
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 112, Issue D10
Radiative impact of mineral dust on monsoon precipitation variability over West Africa
journal, January 2011
- Zhao, C.; Liu, X.; Ruby Leung, L.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 5
Dirty snow after nuclear war
journal, February 1985
- Warren, Stephen G.; Wiscombe, Warren J.
- Nature, Vol. 313, Issue 6002
Atmospheric responses to the redistribution of anthropogenic aerosols
journal, September 2015
- Wang, Yuan; Jiang, Jonathan H.; Su, Hui
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 120, Issue 18
Dust and Biological Aerosols from the Sahara and Asia Influence Precipitation in the Western U.S.
journal, February 2013
- Creamean, J. M.; Suski, K. J.; Rosenfeld, D.
- Science, Vol. 339, Issue 6127
A GCM investigation of impact of aerosols on the precipitation in Amazon during the dry to wet transition
journal, June 2016
- Gu, Yu; Liou, K. N.; Jiang, J. H.
- Climate Dynamics, Vol. 48, Issue 7-8
Impact of interannual variations in sources of insoluble aerosol species on orographic precipitation over California's central Sierra Nevada
journal, January 2015
- Creamean, J. M.; Ault, A. P.; White, A. B.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 11
Modeling regional aerosol and aerosol precursor variability over California and its sensitivity to emissions and long-range transport during the 2010 CalNex and CARES campaigns
journal, January 2014
- Fast, J. D.; Allan, J.; Bahreini, R.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 18
Impact of disturbed desert soils on duration of mountain snow cover
journal, January 2007
- Painter, Thomas H.; Barrett, Andrew P.; Landry, Christopher C.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 34, Issue 12
Uncertainty in modeling dust mass balance and radiative forcing from size parameterization
journal, January 2013
- Zhao, C.; Chen, S.; Leung, L. R.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 13, Issue 21
The Relative Roles of Sulfate Aerosols and Greenhouse Gases in Climate Forcing
journal, April 1993
- Kiehl, J. T.; Briegleb, B. P.
- Science, Vol. 260, Issue 5106
A controlled snowmaking experiment testing the relation between black carbon content and reduction of snow albedo
journal, January 2011
- Brandt, Richard E.; Warren, Stephen G.; Clarke, Antony D.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116, Issue D8
Measurement of the Effect of Amazon Smoke on Inhibition of Cloud Formation
journal, February 2004
- Koren, I.
- Science, Vol. 303, Issue 5662
Regional climate effects of aerosols over China: modeling and observation
journal, September 2003
- Qian, Yun; Ruby Leung, L.; Ghan, Steven J.
- Tellus B, Vol. 55, Issue 4
Aircraft measurements of the impacts of pollution aerosols on clouds and precipitation over the Sierra Nevada
journal, January 2008
- Rosenfeld, Daniel; Woodley, William L.; Axisa, Duncan
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, Issue D15
Connecting surface emissions, convective uplifting, and long-range transport of carbon monoxide in the upper troposphere: New observations from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder
journal, January 2007
- Jiang, Jonathan H.; Livesey, Nathaniel J.; Su, Hui
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 34, Issue 18
Climatic effects of different aerosol types in China simulated by the UCLA general circulation model
journal, January 2006
- Gu, Y.; Liou, K. N.; Xue, Y.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, Issue D15
Effects of soot-induced snow albedo change on snowpack and hydrological cycle in western United States based on Weather Research and Forecasting chemistry and regional climate simulations
journal, January 2009
- Qian, Yun; Gustafson, William I.; Leung, L. Ruby
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 114, Issue D3
Trans-Pacific transport and evolution of aerosols: evaluation of quasi-global WRF-Chem simulation with multiple observations
journal, January 2016
- Hu, Zhiyuan; Zhao, Chun; Huang, Jianping
- Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 9, Issue 5
Characterization of speciated aerosol direct radiative forcing over California: AEROSOL DIRECT RADIATIVE FORCING
journal, March 2013
- Zhao, Chun; Ruby Leung, L.; Easter, Richard
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 118, Issue 5
Simulating cold season snowpack: Impacts of snow albedo and multi-layer snow physics
journal, November 2011
- Waliser, D.; Kim, J.; Xue, Y.
- Climatic Change, Vol. 109, Issue S1
Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) instrument description and experiment overview
journal, July 1998
- Diner, D. J.; Beckert, J. C.; Reilly, T. H.
- IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 36, Issue 4
The Regional Particulate Matter Model: 1. Model description and preliminary results
journal, January 1995
- Binkowski, Francis S.; Shankar, Uma
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 100, Issue D12
Snow process modeling in the North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS): 1. Evaluation of model‐simulated snow cover extent
journal, November 2003
- Sheffield, Justin; Pan, Ming; Wood, Eric F.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 108, Issue D22
Simulating black carbon and dust and their radiative forcing in seasonal snow: a case study over North China with field campaign measurements
journal, January 2014
- Zhao, C.; Hu, Z.; Qian, Y.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 20
Simulating 3-D radiative transfer effects over the Sierra Nevada Mountains using WRF
journal, January 2012
- Gu, Y.; Liou, K. N.; Lee, W. -L.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 20
Black-carbon reduction of snow albedo
journal, March 2012
- Hadley, Odelle L.; Kirchstetter, Thomas W.
- Nature Climate Change, Vol. 2, Issue 6
Sensitivity studies on the impacts of Tibetan Plateau snowpack pollution on the Asian hydrological cycle and monsoon climate
journal, January 2011
- Qian, Y.; Flanner, M. G.; Leung, L. R.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 5
The spatial distribution of mineral dust and its shortwave radiative forcing over North Africa: modeling sensitivities to dust emissions and aerosol size treatments
journal, January 2010
- Zhao, C.; Liu, X.; Leung, L. R.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 18
Aspects of the diurnal cycle in a regional climate model [Aspects of the diurnal cycle in a regional climate model]
journal, August 2008
- Brockhaus, Peter; Lüthi, Daniel; Schär, Christoph
- Meteorologische Zeitschrift, Vol. 17, Issue 4
Dust aerosol impact on North Africa climate: a GCM investigation of aerosol-cloud-radiation interactions using A-Train satellite data
journal, January 2012
- Gu, Y.; Liou, K. N.; Jiang, J. H.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 4
Climate Forcing by Anthropogenic Aerosols
journal, January 1992
- Charlson, R. J.; Schwartz, S. E.; Hales, J. M.
- Science, Vol. 255, Issue 5043
A WRF simulation of the impact of 3-D radiative transfer on surface hydrology over the Rocky Mountains and Sierra Nevada
journal, January 2013
- Liou, K. N.; Gu, Y.; Leung, L. R.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 13, Issue 23
Elevation-dependent warming in mountain regions of the world
journal, April 2015
- Working Group, Mountain Research Initiative EDW
- Nature Climate Change, Vol. 5, Issue 5, p. 424-430
Asian aerosols in North America: Extracting the chemical composition and mass concentration of the Asian continental aerosol plume from long-term aerosol records in the western United States
journal, January 2003
- VanCuren, Richard A.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 108, Issue D20
Predicting global atmospheric ice nuclei distributions and their impacts on climate
journal, June 2010
- DeMott, P. J.; Prenni, A. J.; Liu, X.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 107, Issue 25
Detection of Asian dust in California orographic precipitation
journal, January 2011
- Ault, Andrew P.; Williams, Christopher R.; White, Allen B.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116, Issue D16
The Influence of Pollution on the Shortwave Albedo of Clouds
journal, July 1977
- Twomey, S.
- Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 34, Issue 7
Present-day climate forcing and response from black carbon in snow
journal, January 2007
- Flanner, Mark G.; Zender, Charles S.; Randerson, James T.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 112, Issue D11
The Impact of Direct Aerosol Radiative Forcing on Surface Insolation and Spring Snowmelt in the Southern Sierra Nevada
journal, October 2006
- Kim, Jinwon; Gu, Yu; Liou, K. N.
- Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 7, Issue 5
A global model simulation for 3-D radiative transfer impact on surface hydrology over the Sierra Nevada and Rocky Mountains
journal, January 2015
- Lee, W. -L.; Gu, Y.; Liou, K. N.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 10
Springtime warming and reduced snow cover from carbonaceous particles
journal, January 2008
- Flanner, M. G.; Zender, C. S.; Hess, P. G.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, Vol. 8, Issue 6
Aerosol impacts on California winter clouds and precipitation during CalWater 2011: local pollution versus long-range transported dust
journal, January 2014
- Fan, J.; Leung, L. R.; DeMott, P. J.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 1
Nonhydrostatic icosahedral atmospheric model (NICAM) for global cloud resolving simulations
journal, March 2008
- Satoh, M.; Matsuno, T.; Tomita, H.
- Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 227, Issue 7
Coupling aerosol-cloud-radiative processes in the WRF-Chem model: Investigating the radiative impact of elevated point sources
journal, January 2009
- Chapman, E. G.; Gustafson, W. I.; Easter, R. C.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 3
Evolution of ozone, particulates, and aerosol direct radiative forcing in the vicinity of Houston using a fully coupled meteorology-chemistry-aerosol model
journal, January 2006
- Fast, Jerome D.; Gustafson, William I.; Easter, Richard C.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, Issue D21
Effect of absorbing aerosols on snow albedo reduction in the Sierra Nevada
journal, August 2012
- Lee, Wei-Liang; Liou, K. N.
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 55
Enhanced solar energy absorption by internally-mixed black carbon in snow grains
journal, January 2012
- Flanner, M. G.; Liu, X.; Zhou, C.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 10
Model for Simulating Aerosol Interactions and Chemistry (MOSAIC)
journal, January 2008
- Zaveri, Rahul A.; Easter, Richard C.; Fast, Jerome D.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, Issue D13
California Irrigation Management Information System
journal, April 1984
- Snyder, Richard L.
- American Potato Journal, Vol. 61, Issue 4
Impact of aerosols on ice crystal size
journal, January 2018
- Zhao, Bin; Liou, Kuo-Nan; Gu, Yu
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 2
A review on regional convection‐permitting climate modeling: Demonstrations, prospects, and challenges
journal, May 2015
- Prein, Andreas F.; Langhans, Wolfgang; Fosser, Giorgia
- Reviews of Geophysics, Vol. 53, Issue 2
Snowpack radiative heating: Influence on Tibetan Plateau climate
journal, January 2005
- Flanner, Mark G.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, Issue 6
Asian continental aerosol persistence above the marine boundary layer over the eastern North Pacific: Continuous aerosol measurements from Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation 2002 (ITCT 2K2)
journal, January 2005
- VanCuren, Richard A.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 110, Issue D9
MIRAGE: Model description and evaluation of aerosols and trace gases
journal, January 2004
- Easter, Richard C.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 109, Issue D20
Impact on modeled cloud characteristics due to simplified treatment of uniform cloud condensation nuclei during NEAQS 2004
journal, January 2007
- Gustafson, William I.; Chapman, Elaine G.; Ghan, Steven J.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 34, Issue 19
Description and evaluation of the Model for Ozone and Related chemical Tracers, version 4 (MOZART-4)
journal, January 2010
- Emmons, L. K.; Walters, S.; Hess, P. G.
- Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Technical Note: Evaluation of the WRF-Chem "Aerosol Chemical to Aerosol Optical Properties" Module using data from the MILAGRO campaign
journal, January 2010
- Barnard, J. C.; Fast, J. D.; Paredes-Miranda, G.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 15
High resolution regional climate model simulations for Germany: part I—validation
journal, September 2012
- Berg, Peter; Wagner, Sven; Kunstmann, Harald
- Climate Dynamics, Vol. 40, Issue 1-2
Improving snow albedo processes in WRF/SSiB regional climate model to assess impact of dust and black carbon in snow on surface energy balance and hydrology over western U.S.: Physical snow processes with WRF/SSiB
journal, April 2015
- Oaida, Catalina M.; Xue, Yongkang; Flanner, Mark G.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 120, Issue 8
Evaluation of the convection-resolving regional climate modeling approach in decade-long simulations
journal, July 2014
- Ban, Nikolina; Schmidli, Juerg; Schär, Christoph
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 119, Issue 13
Heavy pollution suppresses light rain in China: Observations and modeling
journal, January 2009
- Qian, Yun; Gong, Daoyi; Fan, Jiwen
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 114
Light-absorbing particles in snow and ice: Measurement and modeling of climatic and hydrological impact
journal, November 2014
- Qian, Yun; Yasunari, Teppei J.; Doherty, Sarah J.
- Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 32, Issue 1
Effect of aerosol on warm convective clouds: Aerosol-cloud-surface flux feedbacks in a new coupled large eddy model
journal, January 2006
- Jiang, Hongli; Feingold, Graham
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, Issue D1
Response of Colorado River runoff to dust radiative forcing in snow
journal, September 2010
- Painter, T. H.; Deems, J. S.; Belnap, J.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 107, Issue 40
The detection and correction of snow water equivalent pressure sensor errors
journal, January 2004
- Johnson, Jerome B.; Marks, Danny
- Hydrological Processes, Vol. 18, Issue 18
Representing Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Convection in Large-Scale Models
journal, February 2014
- Bechtold, Peter; Semane, Noureddine; Lopez, Philippe
- Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 71, Issue 2
Tropical Intraseasonal Variability in Version 3 of the GFDL Atmosphere Model
journal, January 2013
- Benedict, James J.; Maloney, Eric D.; Sobel, Adam H.
- Journal of Climate, Vol. 26, Issue 2
Observed and model-simulated diurnal cycles of precipitation over the contiguous United States
journal, March 1999
- Dai, Aiguo; Giorgi, Filippo; Trenberth, Kevin E.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 104, Issue D6
The Dynamical Core, Physical Parameterizations, and Basic Simulation Characteristics of the Atmospheric Component AM3 of the GFDL Global Coupled Model CM3
journal, July 2011
- Donner, Leo J.; Wyman, Bruce L.; Hemler, Richard S.
- Journal of Climate, Vol. 24, Issue 13
Mid-Century Ensemble Regional Climate Change Scenarios for the Western United States
journal, January 2004
- Leung, L. Ruby; Qian, Yun; Bian, Xindi
- Climatic Change, Vol. 62, Issue 1-3
Importance of Regional Climate Model Grid Spacing for the Simulation of Heavy Precipitation in the Colorado Headwaters
journal, July 2013
- Prein, Andreas F.; Holland, Gregory J.; Rasmussen, Roy M.
- Journal of Climate, Vol. 26, Issue 13
Characteristics of the western United States snowpack from snowpack telemetry (SNOTEL) data
journal, July 1999
- Serreze, Mark C.; Clark, Martyn P.; Armstrong, Richard L.
- Water Resources Research, Vol. 35, Issue 7
Characteristics of large snowfall events in the montane western United States as examined using snowpack telemetry (SNOTEL) data
journal, March 2001
- Serreze, Mark C.; Clark, Martyn P.; Frei, Allan
- Water Resources Research, Vol. 37, Issue 3
The Resolution Dependence of Explicitly Modeled Convective Systems
journal, April 1997
- Weisman, Morris L.; Skamarock, William C.; Klemp, Joseph B.
- Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 125, Issue 4
A Model for the Spectral Albedo of Snow. I: Pure Snow
journal, December 1980
- Wiscombe, Warren J.; Warren, Stephen G.
- Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 37, Issue 12
A new lumped structure photochemical mechanism for large-scale applications
journal, December 1999
- Zaveri, Rahul A.; Peters, Leonard K.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 104, Issue D23
Regional climate effects of aerosols over China: modeling and observation
journal, December 2011
- Qian, Yun; Leung, L. Ruby; Ghan, Steven J.
- Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, Vol. 55, Issue 4
Coupling aerosol-cloud-radiative processes in the WRF-Chem model: investigating the radiative impact of elevated point sources
journal, January 2008
- Chapman, E. G.; Gustafson,, W. I.; Easter, R. C.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, Vol. 8, Issue 4
Elevation-dependent warming in mountain regions of the world
text, January 2015
- Williamson, S. N.; Greenwood, Gregory; Schöner, W.
- Nature Publishing Group
Tropical Intraseasonal Variability in Version 3 of the GFDL Atmosphere Model
text, January 2013
- Benedict, James J.; Maloney, Eric D.; Sobel, Adam H.
- Columbia University
A review on regional convection‐permitting climate modeling: Demonstrations, prospects, and challenges
text, January 2015
- F., Prein, Andreas; Wolfgang, Langhans,; Giorgia, Fosser,
- ETH Zurich
Works referencing / citing this record:
Black carbon-induced snow albedo reduction over the Tibetan Plateau: uncertainties from snow grain shape and aerosol–snow mixing state based on an updated SNICAR model
journal, January 2018
- He, Cenlin; Flanner, Mark G.; Chen, Fei
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 15
Impact of aerosols on reservoir inflow: A case study for Big Creek Hydroelectric System in California: Impact of Aerosols on Reservoir Inflow in California
journal, September 2018
- Kabir, Farzana; Yu, Nanpeng; Yao, Weixin
- Hydrological Processes, Vol. 32, Issue 22