Microstructural evolution during quenching and partitioning of 0.2C-1.5Mn-1.3Si steels with Cr or Ni additions
Abstract
Here, the influence of Cr and Ni additions and quench and partition (Q&P) processing parameters on the microstructural development, including carbide formation and austenite retention during Q&P, was studied in two steels with a base composition of 0.2C-1.5Mn-1.3Si wt.% and additions of 1.5 wt.% Cr (1.5Cr) or Ni (1.5Ni). Additions of 1.5 wt.% Cr significantly slowed the kinetics of austenite decomposition relative to the 1.5Ni alloy at all partitioning temperatures, promoting greater austenite retention, lower retained austenite carbon (C) contents, and reduced sensitivity of the retained austenite amounts to processing variables. In the 1.5Cr alloy after partitioning at 400 °C for 300 s, η-carbides were identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atom probe tomography (APT) revealed no significant enrichment of substitutional elements in the carbides. In the 1.5Ni alloy after partitioning at 450 °C for 300 s, both plate-like and globular carbides were observed by TEM. APT analysis of the globular carbides clearly revealed significant Si rejection and Mn enrichment. Mössbauer effect spectroscopy was used to quantify the amount of carbides after Q&P. In general, carbide amounts below ~0.3% of Fe were measured in both alloys after partitioning for short times (10 s), irrespective of quench or partitioning temperature,more »
- Authors:
-
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States); Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1435324
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1548596
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725; EE0005765; AC52-06NA25396
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Acta Materialia
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 151; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 1359-6454
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Quenching and partitioning; Mössbauer spectroscopy; Carbide; Retained austenite; Atom probe tomography
Citation Formats
Pierce, Dean T., Coughlin, D. R., Clarke, Kester D., De Moor, Emmanuel, Poplawsky, Jonathan D., Williamson, Don L., Mazumder, Baishakhi, Speer, J. G., Hood, Andrew, and Clarke, A. J. Microstructural evolution during quenching and partitioning of 0.2C-1.5Mn-1.3Si steels with Cr or Ni additions. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2018.03.007.
Pierce, Dean T., Coughlin, D. R., Clarke, Kester D., De Moor, Emmanuel, Poplawsky, Jonathan D., Williamson, Don L., Mazumder, Baishakhi, Speer, J. G., Hood, Andrew, & Clarke, A. J. Microstructural evolution during quenching and partitioning of 0.2C-1.5Mn-1.3Si steels with Cr or Ni additions. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2018.03.007
Pierce, Dean T., Coughlin, D. R., Clarke, Kester D., De Moor, Emmanuel, Poplawsky, Jonathan D., Williamson, Don L., Mazumder, Baishakhi, Speer, J. G., Hood, Andrew, and Clarke, A. J. Thu .
"Microstructural evolution during quenching and partitioning of 0.2C-1.5Mn-1.3Si steels with Cr or Ni additions". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2018.03.007. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1435324.
@article{osti_1435324,
title = {Microstructural evolution during quenching and partitioning of 0.2C-1.5Mn-1.3Si steels with Cr or Ni additions},
author = {Pierce, Dean T. and Coughlin, D. R. and Clarke, Kester D. and De Moor, Emmanuel and Poplawsky, Jonathan D. and Williamson, Don L. and Mazumder, Baishakhi and Speer, J. G. and Hood, Andrew and Clarke, A. J.},
abstractNote = {Here, the influence of Cr and Ni additions and quench and partition (Q&P) processing parameters on the microstructural development, including carbide formation and austenite retention during Q&P, was studied in two steels with a base composition of 0.2C-1.5Mn-1.3Si wt.% and additions of 1.5 wt.% Cr (1.5Cr) or Ni (1.5Ni). Additions of 1.5 wt.% Cr significantly slowed the kinetics of austenite decomposition relative to the 1.5Ni alloy at all partitioning temperatures, promoting greater austenite retention, lower retained austenite carbon (C) contents, and reduced sensitivity of the retained austenite amounts to processing variables. In the 1.5Cr alloy after partitioning at 400 °C for 300 s, η-carbides were identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atom probe tomography (APT) revealed no significant enrichment of substitutional elements in the carbides. In the 1.5Ni alloy after partitioning at 450 °C for 300 s, both plate-like and globular carbides were observed by TEM. APT analysis of the globular carbides clearly revealed significant Si rejection and Mn enrichment. Mössbauer effect spectroscopy was used to quantify the amount of carbides after Q&P. In general, carbide amounts below ~0.3% of Fe were measured in both alloys after partitioning for short times (10 s), irrespective of quench or partitioning temperature, which corresponds to a relatively small portion of the bulk C. With increasing partitioning time, carbide amounts remained approximately constant or increased, depending on the alloy, quench temperature, and/or partitioning temperature.},
doi = {10.1016/j.actamat.2018.03.007},
journal = {Acta Materialia},
number = C,
volume = 151,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Mar 08 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Thu Mar 08 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
Analysis of Microstructure Evolution in Quenching and Partitioning Automotive Sheet Steel
journal, September 2011
- Speer, John G.; De Moor, E.; Findley, K. O.
- Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 42, Issue 12
Carbon partitioning into austenite after martensite transformation
journal, May 2003
- Speer, J.; Matlock, D. K.; De Cooman, B. C.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 51, Issue 9
Partitioning of carbon from supersaturated plates of ferrite, with application to steel processing and fundamentals of the bainite transformation
journal, June 2004
- Speer, John G.; Edmonds, David V.; Rizzo, Fernando C.
- Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, Vol. 8, Issue 3-4
Critical Assessment 7: Quenching and partitioning
journal, August 2014
- Speer, J. G.; De Moor, E.; Clarke, A. J.
- Materials Science and Technology, Vol. 31, Issue 1
Carbon partitioning to austenite from martensite or bainite during the quench and partition (Q&P) process: A critical assessment
journal, January 2008
- Clarke, A. J.; Speer, J. G.; Miller, M. K.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 56, Issue 1
Atomic-scale analysis of carbon partitioning between martensite and austenite by atom probe tomography and correlative transmission electron microscopy
journal, February 2014
- Toji, Yuki; Matsuda, Hiroshi; Herbig, Michael
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 65
Quenching and partitioning martensite—A novel steel heat treatment
journal, November 2006
- Edmonds, D. V.; He, K.; Rizzo, F. C.
- Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 438-440
Dynamics of the Quenching and Partitioning (Q&P) Process
journal, June 2011
- Bigg, Timothy D.; Matlock, David K.; Speer, John G.
- Solid State Phenomena, Vol. 172-174
Atomic and nanoscale chemical and structural changes in quenched and tempered 4340 steel
journal, September 2014
- Clarke, A. J.; Miller, M. K.; Field, R. D.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 77
Characterization of transition carbides in quench and partitioned steel microstructures by Mössbauer spectroscopy and complementary techniques
journal, May 2015
- Pierce, D. T.; Coughlin, D. R.; Williamson, D. L.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 90
Calorimetric study of carbon partitioning from martensite into austenite
journal, September 2010
- De Moor, Emmanuel; Föjer, Cecilia; Penning, Jan
- Physical Review B, Vol. 82, Issue 10
Influence of interface mobility on the evolution of austenite–martensite grain assemblies during annealing
journal, September 2009
- Santofimia, M. J.; Speer, J. G.; Clarke, A. J.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 57, Issue 15
In situ austenite–martensite interface mobility study during annealing
journal, May 2015
- De Knijf, Dorien; Santofimia, Maria J.; Shi, Hui
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 90
Investigation of solute/interphase interaction during ferrite growth
journal, February 2017
- Van Landeghem, H. P.; Langelier, B.; Gault, B.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 124
Influence of carbon partitioning kinetics on final austenite fraction during quenching and partitioning
journal, July 2009
- Clarke, A. J.; Speer, J. G.; Matlock, D. K.
- Scripta Materialia, Vol. 61, Issue 2
Interface migration during partitioning of Q&P steel
journal, March 2014
- Thomas, G. A.; Speer, J. G.
- Materials Science and Technology, Vol. 30, Issue 9
Quantitative investigation into the influence of temperature on carbide and austenite evolution during partitioning of a quenched and partitioned steel
journal, August 2016
- Pierce, D. T.; Coughlin, D. R.; Williamson, D. L.
- Scripta Materialia, Vol. 121
Quenching and Partitioning of CMnSi Steels Containing Elevated Manganese Levels
journal, February 2012
- De Moor, Emmanuel; Speer, John G.; Matlock, David K.
- steel research international, Vol. 83, Issue 4
Microstructural Features of 'Quenching and Partitioning': A New Martensitic Steel Heat Treatment
journal, March 2007
- Edmonds, D. V.; He, K.; Miller, Michael K.
- Materials Science Forum, Vol. 539-543
Interaction of carbon partitioning, carbide precipitation and bainite formation during the Q&P process in a low C steel
journal, February 2016
- HajyAkbary, Farideh; Sietsma, Jilt; Miyamoto, Goro
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 104
Quenched and Partitioned CMnSi Steels Containing 0.3 wt.% and 0.4 wt.% Carbon
journal, September 2015
- Kähkönen, J.; Pierce, D. T.; Speer, J. G.
- JOM, Vol. 68, Issue 1
Effect of partitioning of Mn and Si on the growth kinetics of cementite in tempered Fe–0.6 mass% C martensite
journal, September 2007
- Miyamoto, G.; Oh, J.; Hono, K.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 55, Issue 15
ε-Carbide in alloy steels: First-principles assessment
journal, July 2010
- Jang, Jae Hoon; Kim, In Gee; Bhadeshia, H. K. D. H.
- Scripta Materialia, Vol. 63, Issue 1
Application of Quenching and Partitioning (Q&P) Processing to Press Hardening Steel
journal, April 2014
- Seo, Eun Jung; Cho, Lawrence; De Cooman, Bruno Charles
- Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 45, Issue 9
An Empirical Model for Carbon Diffusion in Austenite Incorporating Alloying Element Effects
journal, January 2011
- Lee, Seok-Jae; Matlock, David Kidder; Van Tyne, Chester John
- ISIJ International, Vol. 51, Issue 11
The distribution of chromium between ferrite and austenite and the thermodynamics of the α/γ equilibrium in the Fe-Cr and Fe-Mn Systems
journal, January 1973
- Kirchner, Gernot; Nishizawa, Taiji; Uhrenius, Björn
- Metallurgical Transactions, Vol. 4, Issue 1
Ortho-equilibrium and para-equilibrium phase diagrams for interstitial / substitutional iron alloys
journal, December 2000
- Kozeschnik, Ernst; Vitek, John M.
- Calphad, Vol. 24, Issue 4
Paraequilibria in the Fe-Cr(Ni,Mn)-C systems and their effect on phase transformations
journal, April 2007
- Shaposhnikov, N. G.; Mogutnov, B. M.
- Russian Metallurgy (Metally), Vol. 2007, Issue 2
Para-equilibrium phase diagrams
journal, May 2014
- Pelton, Arthur D.; Koukkari, Pertti; Pajarre, Risto
- The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, Vol. 72
The Effect of Chromium on Microstructure Development During Q-P Process
journal, January 2015
- Jirková, H.; Kučerová, L.; Mašek, B.
- Materials Today: Proceedings, Vol. 2
Homogenizing a Nickel-Based Superalloy: Thermodynamic and Kinetic Simulation and Experimental Results
journal, March 2009
- Jablonski, Paul D.; Cowen, Christopher J.
- Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, Vol. 40, Issue 2
Bainite and martensite start temperature calculated with exponential carbon dependence
journal, April 2012
- van Bohemen, S. M. C.
- Materials Science and Technology, Vol. 28, Issue 4
Kinetic Analysis of the Austenite Grain Growth in GCr15 Steel
journal, March 2009
- Yue, Chongxiang; Zhang, Liwen; Liao, Shulun
- Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, Vol. 19, Issue 1
Lattice parameters of iron-carbon and iron-nitrogen martensites and austenites
journal, March 1990
- Cheng, Liu; Böttger, A.; de Keijser, Th. H.
- Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia, Vol. 24, Issue 3
Atomic-scale mechanisms of deformation-induced cementite decomposition in pearlite
journal, June 2011
- Li, Y. J.; Choi, P.; Borchers, C.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 59, Issue 10
Some aspects of atom-probe analysis of FeC and FeN systems
journal, April 1992
- Sha, W.; Chang, L.; Smith, G. D. W.
- Surface Science, Vol. 266, Issue 1-3
Influence of alloying elements on the kinetics of strain-induced martensitic nucleation in low-alloy, multiphase high-strength steels
journal, January 2006
- Samek, L.; De Moor, E.; Penning, J.
- Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 37, Issue 1
Composition and Grain Size Dependencies of Strain-induced Martensitic Transformation in Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steels [準安定オーステナイトステンレス鋼における加工誘起マルテンサイト変態の組成および結晶粒度依存性]
journal, January 1977
- Nohara, Kiyohiko; Ono, Yutaka; Ohashi, Nobuo
- Tetsu-to-Hagane, Vol. 63, Issue 5
Effect of Carbon and Manganese on the Quenching and Partitioning Response of CMnSi Steels
journal, January 2011
- Moor, Emmanuel De; Speer, John Gordon; Matlock, David Kidder
- ISIJ International, Vol. 51, Issue 1
Crystal structure and morphology of the carbide precipitated from martensitic high carbon steel during the first stage of tempering
journal, April 1972
- Hirotsu, Y.; Nagakura, S.
- Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 20, Issue 4
Electron Microscopy and Diffraction Study of the Carbide Precipitated at the First Stage of Tempering of Martensitic Medium Carbon Steel
journal, January 1974
- Hirotsu, Yoshihiko; Nagakura, Sigemaro
- Transactions of the Japan Institute of Metals, Vol. 15, Issue 2
Structural characteristics of transition-iron-carbide precipitates formed during the first stage of tempering in 4340 steel
journal, August 2015
- Thompson, S. W.
- Materials Characterization, Vol. 106
Phases in Quenched and Tempered Steels
journal, January 1975
- Imai, Y\={u.}noshin
- Transactions of the Japan Institute of Metals, Vol. 16, Issue 12
Structure of Iron-Carbon Martensite in the Transition State from the First to the Third Stage of Tempering Studied by Electron Microscopy and Diffraction
journal, January 1986
- Nakamura, Yoshio; Nagakura, Sigemaro
- Transactions of the Japan Institute of Metals, Vol. 27, Issue 11
A study of interstitial atom configuration in fresh and aged iron-carbon martensite by mossbauer spectroscopy
journal, January 1982
- Ino, Hiromitsu; Ito, Tsunenori; Nasu, Saburo
- Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 30, Issue 1
Quantitative atom probe analysis of carbides
journal, May 2011
- Thuvander, M.; Weidow, J.; Angseryd, J.
- Ultramicroscopy, Vol. 111, Issue 6
Quantitative analysis of carbon in cementite using pulsed laser atom probe
journal, December 2014
- Kitaguchi, H. S.; Lozano-Perez, S.; Moody, M. P.
- Ultramicroscopy, Vol. 147
Tempering of steel
journal, May 1972
- Speich, G. R.; Leslie, W. C.
- Metallurgical Transactions, Vol. 3, Issue 5
Three-dimensional atom probe characterization of alloy element partitioning in cementite during tempering of alloy steel
journal, September 2007
- Zhu, Chen; Xiong, X. Y.; Cerezo, A.
- Ultramicroscopy, Vol. 107, Issue 9
Mossbauer measurements in iron based alloys with transition metals
journal, March 1973
- Vincze, I.; Campbell, I. A.
- Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics, Vol. 3, Issue 3
Characterization by Moessbauer spectroscopy of iron carbides formed by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis
journal, November 1982
- Le Caer, G.; Dubois, J. M.; Pijolat, M.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 86, Issue 24
Range of the Exchange Interaction in Iron Alloys
journal, January 1964
- Wertheim, G. K.; Jaccarino, V.; Wernick, J. H.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 1
Charge and spin perturbation around nonmagnetic impurities in iron
journal, February 1972
- Grüner, G.; Vincze, I.; Cser, L.
- Solid State Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 4
Cems study of the carbon distribution in austenite
journal, December 1988
- Bauer, Ph.; Uwakweh, O. N. C.; Genin, J. M. R.
- Hyperfine Interactions, Vol. 41, Issue 1
Mössbauer study of the distribution of carbon interstitiels in iron alloys and the isochronal kinetics of the aging of martensite: The clustering-ordering synergy
journal, February 1990
- Uwakweh, O. N. C.; Bauer, J. Ph.; Génin, J. -M. R.
- Metallurgical Transactions A, Vol. 21, Issue 2
Local interactions in carbon-carbon and carbon-M (M: Al, Mn, Ni) atomic pairs in FCC gamma -iron
journal, January 1994
- Oda, K.; Fujimura, H.; Ino, H.
- Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 6, Issue 3
Mössbauer study of iron carbides: Cementite (Fe, M)3C (M = Cr, Mn) with various manganese and chromium contents
journal, February 1992
- Schaaf, P.; Wiesen, S.; Gonser, U.
- Acta Metallurgica et Materialia, Vol. 40, Issue 2
Carbon partitioning during quenching and partitioning heat treatment accompanied by carbide precipitation
journal, March 2015
- Toji, Yuki; Miyamoto, Goro; Raabe, Dierk
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 86
Effect of Interfacial Mn Partitioning on Carbon Partitioning and Interface Migration During the Quenching and Partitioning Process
journal, May 2017
- Dai, Zongbiao; Wang, Xu; He, Jianguo
- Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 48, Issue 7
Works referencing / citing this record:
Microstructure Evolution and Competitive Reactions during Quenching and Partitioning of a Model Fe–C–Mn–Si Alloy
journal, January 2020
- Aoued, Samy; Danoix, Frédéric; Allain, Sébastien Y. P.
- Metals, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Optimization of Quenching Temperature to Minimize the Micro Segregation Induced Banding Phenomena in Quenching and Partitioning (Q&P) Steels
journal, September 2018
- Forouzan, Farnoosh; Borasi, Luciano; Vuorinen, Esa
- steel research international, Vol. 90, Issue 1
Quenching and Partitioning of Multiphase Aluminum-Added Steels
journal, March 2019
- Nyyssönen, Tuomo; Oja, Olli; Jussila, Petri
- Metals, Vol. 9, Issue 3
Microstructure Evolution and Competitive Reactions during Quenching and Partitioning of a Model Fe–C–Mn–Si Alloy
text, January 2020
- Aoued, Samy; Danoix, Frédéric; Allain, Sebastien Y. P.
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
In Situ Investigation of the Iron Carbide Precipitation Process in a Fe-C-Mn-Si Q&P Steel
text, January 2018
- Allain, Sebastien Y. P.; Aoued, Samy; Quintin-Poulon, Angéline
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg