High harmonics with spatially varying ellipticity

Ellis, Jennifer L.; Dorney, Kevin M.; Hickstein, Daniel D.; Brooks, Nathan J.; Gentry, Christian; Hernández-García, Carlos; Zusin, Dmitriy; Shaw, Justin M.; Nguyen, Quynh L.; Mancuso, Christopher A.; Matthijs Jansen, G. S.; Witte, Stefan; Kapteyn, Henry C.; Murnane, Margaret M.

doi:10.1364/optica.5.000479

Title: High harmonics with spatially varying ellipticity

Journal Article · 17 April 2018 · Optica

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.5.000479 · OSTI ID:1433051

Ellis, Jennifer L. ^[1]; Dorney, Kevin M. ^[1];

^[2]; Brooks, Nathan J. ^[1]; Gentry, Christian ^[1];

^[3]; Zusin, Dmitriy ^[1]; Shaw, Justin M. ^[4]; Nguyen, Quynh L. ^[1]; Mancuso, Christopher A. ^[1]; Matthijs Jansen, G. S. ^[5]; Witte, Stefan ^[5];

^[1]; Murnane, Margaret M. ^[1]

Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). JILA—Dept. of Physics
Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). JILA—Dept. of Physics; National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO (United States)
Univ. of Salamanca, Salamanca (Spain). Dept. de Fisica Aplicada
National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO (United States). Electromagnetics Division
Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography (ARCNL), Amsterdam, (Netherlands)

We present a method of producing ultrashort pulses of circularly polarized extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light through high-harmonic generation (HHG). HHG is a powerful tool for generating bright laser-like beams of EUV and soft x-ray light with ultrashort pulse durations, which are important for many spectroscopic and imaging applications in the materials, chemical, and nano sciences. Historically HHG was restricted to linear polarization; however, recent advances are making it possible to precisely control the polarization state of the emitted light simply by adjusting the driving laser beams and geometry. In this work, we gain polarization control by combining two spatially separated and orthogonally linearly polarized HHG sources to produce a far-field beam with a uniform intensity distribution, but with a spatially varying ellipticity that ranges from linearly to fully circularly polarized. This spatially varying ellipticity was characterized using EUV magnetic circular dichroism, which demonstrates that a high degree of circularity is achieved, reaching almost 100% near the magnetic M-edge of cobalt. The spatial modulation of the polarization facilitates measurements of circular dichroism, enabling us to measure spectrally resolved magnetic circular dichroism without the use of an EUV spectrometer, thereby avoiding the associated losses in both flux and spatial resolution, which could enable hyperspectral imaging of chiral systems. Through numerical simulations, we also show the generality of this scheme, which can be applied with either the discrete harmonic orders generated by many-cycle pulses or the high-harmonic supercontinua generated by few-cycle driving laser pulses. Therefore, this technique provides a promising route for the production of bright isolated attosecond pulses with circular polarization that can probe ultrafast spin dynamics in materials.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-99ER14982; SC0002002

OSTI ID:: 1433051

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1502464; OSTI ID: 1907885; OSTI ID: 1957812

Journal Information:: Optica, Vol. 5, Issue 4; ISSN 2334-2536

Publisher:: Optical Society of AmericaCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 32 works

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Controlling the polarization and vortex charge of attosecond high-harmonic beams via simultaneous spin–orbit momentum conservation Dorney, Kevin M.; Rego, Laura; Brooks, Nathan J. Nature Photonics, Vol. 13, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-018-0304-3	journal	December 2018
Interferometric attosecond lock-in measurement of extreme-ultraviolet circular dichroism Azoury, Doron; Kneller, Omer; Krüger, Michael Nature Photonics, Vol. 13, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-019-0350-5	journal	February 2019
X-ray harmonic generation by orthogonally polarized two-color fields: Spectral shape and polarization Milošević, D. B.; Becker, W. Physical Review A, Vol. 100, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.100.031401	journal	September 2019
Optical anisotropy of non-perturbative high-order harmonic generation in gapless graphene Zurrón-Cifuentes, Óscar; Boyero-García, Roberto; Hernández-García, Carlos Optics Express, Vol. 27, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.27.007776	journal	January 2019
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