The Northwest Africa 8159 martian meteorite: Expanding the martian sample suite to the early Amazonian

Herd, Christopher D. K.; Walton, Erin L.; Agee, Carl B.; Muttik, Nele; Ziegler, Karen; Shearer, Charles K.; Bell, Aaron S.; Santos, Alison R.; Burger, Paul V.; Simon, Justin I.; Tappa, Michael J.; McCubbin, Francis M.; Gattacceca, Jerome; Lagroix, France; Sanborn, Matthew E.; Yin, Qing-Zhu; Cassata, William S.; Borg, Lars E.; Lindvall, Rachel E.; Kruijer, Thomas S.; Brennecka, Gregory A.; Kleine, Thorsten; Nishiizumi, Kunihiko; Caffee, Marc W.

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2017.08.037

Title: The Northwest Africa 8159 martian meteorite: Expanding the martian sample suite to the early Amazonian

Journal Article · 01 September 2017 · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2017.08.037 · OSTI ID:1430995

Herd, Christopher D. K. ^[1]; Walton, Erin L. ^[2]; Agee, Carl B. ^[3]; Muttik, Nele ^[3]; Ziegler, Karen ^[3]; Shearer, Charles K. ^[3]; Bell, Aaron S. ^[3]; Santos, Alison R. ^[3]; Burger, Paul V. ^[3]; Simon, Justin I. ^[4]; Tappa, Michael J. ^[4]; McCubbin, Francis M. ^[4]; Gattacceca, Jerome ^[5]; Lagroix, France ^[6]; Sanborn, Matthew E. ^[7]; Yin, Qing-Zhu ^[7]; Cassata, William S. ^[8]; Borg, Lars E. ^[8]; Lindvall, Rachel E. ^[8]; Kruijer, Thomas S. ^[9] more »

Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB (Canada). Dept. of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB (Canada). Dept. of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; MacEwan Univ., Edmonton, AB (Canada). Dept. of Physical Sciences
Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States). Inst. of Meteoritics, Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences
NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX (United States)
Aix-Marseille Univ., and CNRS, Aix-en-Provence (France)
Inst. de Physique due Globe de Paris, Paris (France)
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States). Dept. Earth and Planetary Sciences
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Univ. of Munster, Munster (Germany). Inst. for Planetology
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Space Sciences Lab.
Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy

Northwest Africa (NWA) 8159 is an augite-rich shergottite, with a mineralogy dominated by Ca-, Fe-rich pyroxene, plagioclase, olivine, and magnetite. NWA 8159 crystallized from an evolved melt of basaltic composition under relatively rapid conditions of cooling, likely in a surface lava flow or shallow sill. Redox conditions experienced by the melt shifted from relatively oxidizing (with respect to known Martian lithologies, ~QFM) on the liquidus to higher oxygen fugacity (~QFM + 2) during crystallization of the groundmass, and under subsolidus conditions. This shift resulted in the production of orthopyroxene and magnetite replacing olivine phenocryst rims. NWA 8159 contains both crystalline and shock-amorphized plagioclase (An_50–62), often observed within a single grain; based on known calibrations we bracket the peak shock pressure experienced by NWA 8159 to between 15 and 23 GPa. The bulk composition of NWA 8159 is depleted in LREE, as observed for Tissint and other depleted shergottites; however, NWA 8159 is distinct from all other martian lithologies in its bulk composition and oxygen fugacity. Here, we obtain a Sm-Nd formation age of 2.37 ± 0.25 Ga for NWA 8159, which represents an interval in Mars geologic time which, until recently, was not represented in the other martian meteorite types. The bulk rock ¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd value of 0.37 ± 0.02 is consistent with it being derived directly from its source and the high initial ε¹⁴³Nd value indicates this source was geochemically highly depleted. Cr, Nd, and W isotopic compositions further support a unique mantle source. While the rock shares similarities with the 2.4-Ga NWA 7635 meteorite, there are notable distinctions between the two meteorites that suggest differences in mantle source compositions and conditions of crystallization. Nevertheless, the two samples may be launch-paired. Finally, NWA 8159 expands the known basalt types, ages and mantle sources within the Mars sample suite to include a second igneous unit from the early Amazonian.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; 261740; RES00007057; 10-LASER10–0077; 11-COS11-0066; NNH14AX56I; NNX13AG44G

OSTI ID:: 1430995

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-739213

Journal Information:: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 218, Issue C; ISSN 0016-7037

Publisher:: The Geochemical Society; The Meteoritical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 62 works

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The Mars 2020 Candidate Landing Sites: A Magnetic Field Perspective Mittelholz, Anna; Morschhauser, Achim; Johnson, Catherine L. Earth and Space Science, Vol. 5, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018ea000420	journal	September 2018
Microspectroscopic and Petrographic Comparison of Experimentally Shocked Albite, Andesine, and Bytownite Jaret, Steven J.; Johnson, Jeffrey R.; Sims, Melissa Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, Vol. 123, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018je005523	journal	July 2018
The potential science and engineering value of samples delivered to Earth by Mars sample return: International MSR Objectives and Samples Team (iMOST) Beaty, D. W.; Grady, M. M.; McSween, H. Y. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 54 https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.13242	journal	March 2019
Northwest Africa 10414, a pigeonite cumulate shergottite Hewins, R. H.; Zanda, B.; Pont, S. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 54, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.13374	journal	August 2019
The potential science and engineering value of samples delivered to Earth by Mars sample return Beaty, D. W.; Grady, M. M.; McSween, H. Y. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 54, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.13232	journal	March 2019
The potential science and engineering value of samples delivered to Earth by Mars sample return (Imost), International MSR Objectives And Samples Team; Beaty, David W.; Grady, Monica M. ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000332454	text	January 2019
A small S-MIF signal in Martian regolith pyrite: Implications for the atmosphere Tomkins, Andrew G.; Alkemade, Sarah L.; Nutku, Sophie E. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 290 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2020.07.022	journal	December 2020
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