What is really extraordinary in cuprate superconductors?

Bozovic, I.; Wu, J.; He, X.; Bollinger, A. T.

doi:10.1016/j.physc.2018.02.055

Title: What is really extraordinary in cuprate superconductors?

Abstract

Over the course of three decades of intense study, apart from the exceptionally high critical temperature, many unusual properties of cuprates have been discovered, notably including resistivity linear in temperature, electronic Raman continuum and optical absorption extending throughout the infrared region, pseudogap, hour-glass spin excitation spectrum, etc. However, each of these features have been also observed in other materials, including some that are not even superconducting at all. Here, we describe an extensive experiment in which over 2,000 films of the La_2-xSr_xCuO₄ have been synthesized and studied in detail over the course of the last twelve years. We argue here that, uniquely, in the cuprates an unusual superconducting state, that defies the standard BCS description, develops from an unusual metallic state, in which the rotational symmetry of the electron fluid is spontaneously broken.

Authors:

^[1]; Wu, J. ^[2]; He, X. ^[1]; Bollinger, A. T. ^[2]

Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States)
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2018

Research Org.:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1430864

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1702800

Report Number(s):: BNL-203407-2018-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 0921-4534; TRN: US1802507

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704; GBMF4410

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physica. C, Superconductivity

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 558; Journal ID: ISSN 0921-4534

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY; High-temperature superconductivity; Cuprates; Molecular beam epitaxy; Superfluid density; Electronic nematicity

Citation Formats


                    Bozovic, I., Wu, J., He, X., and Bollinger, A. T. What is really extraordinary in cuprate superconductors?.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.physc.2018.02.055.

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                    Bozovic, I., Wu, J., He, X., & Bollinger, A. T. What is really extraordinary in cuprate superconductors?.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physc.2018.02.055

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                    Bozovic, I., Wu, J., He, X., and Bollinger, A. T. Wed .  
"What is really extraordinary in cuprate superconductors?".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physc.2018.02.055.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1430864.

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@article{osti_1430864,

  title        = {What is really extraordinary in cuprate superconductors?},

  author       = {Bozovic, I. and Wu, J. and He, X. and Bollinger, A. T.},

  abstractNote = {Over the course of three decades of intense study, apart from the exceptionally high critical temperature, many unusual properties of cuprates have been discovered, notably including resistivity linear in temperature, electronic Raman continuum and optical absorption extending throughout the infrared region, pseudogap, hour-glass spin excitation spectrum, etc. However, each of these features have been also observed in other materials, including some that are not even superconducting at all. Here, we describe an extensive experiment in which over 2,000 films of the La2-xSrxCuO4 have been synthesized and studied in detail over the course of the last twelve years. We argue here that, uniquely, in the cuprates an unusual superconducting state, that defies the standard BCS description, develops from an unusual metallic state, in which the rotational symmetry of the electron fluid is spontaneously broken.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.physc.2018.02.055},

  journal      = {Physica. C, Superconductivity},

  number       = ,

  volume       = 558,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2018},

  month        = {Wed Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2018}

}

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Title: What is really extraordinary in cuprate superconductors?

Abstract

Citation Formats

Possible highT c superconductivity in the Ba?La?Cu?O system journal, June 1986

Superconductivity at 93 K in a new mixed-phase Y-Ba-Cu-O compound system at ambient pressure journal, March 1987

Superconductivity up to 164 K in HgBa 2 Ca m − 1 Cu m O 2 m + 2 + δ ( m =1, 2, and 3) under quasihydrostatic pressures journal, August 1994

The Resonating Valence Bond State in La2CuO4 and Superconductivity journal, March 1987

Boson-Fermion model of superconductivity journal, July 1989

Bipolarons journal, December 1994

Giant oxygen isotope shift in the magnetoresistive perovskite La1–xCaxMnO3+y journal, June 1996

Electron pairs for HTSC journal, January 2004

A spatial interpretation of emerging superconductivity in lightly doped cuprates journal, September 2007

Theory of Superconductivity journal, December 1957

Bose condensation in an attractive fermion gas: From weak to strong coupling superconductivity journal, May 1985

BCS–BEC crossover: From high temperature superconductors to ultracold superfluids journal, June 2005

Applying BCS–BEC crossover theory to high-temperature superconductors and ultracold atomic Fermi gases (Review Article) journal, April 2006

Crossover from Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer to Bose-Einstein Condensation and the Unitary Fermi Gas journal, March 2014

Emergence of a molecular Bose–Einstein condensate from a Fermi gas journal, November 2003

Observation of Pair Condensation in the Quasi-2D BEC-BCS Crossover journal, June 2015

Evolution of Fermion Pairing from Three to Two Dimensions journal, January 2012

No mixing of superconductivity and antiferromagnetism in a high-temperature superconductor journal, April 2003

High-temperature interface superconductivity between metallic and insulating copper oxides journal, October 2008

High-Temperature Superconductivity in a Single Copper-Oxygen Plane journal, October 2009

Angle-resolved photoemission studies of the cuprate superconductors journal, April 2003

Low-energy electronic structure of the high- T c cuprates La 2− x Sr x CuO 4 studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy journal, March 2007

Chemical Potential Shift in Overdoped and Underdoped La 2 − x Sr x CuO 4 journal, September 1997

Relating atomic-scale electronic phenomena to wave-like quasiparticle states in superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ journal, April 2003

Angular Dependence of the c -axis Normal State Magnetoresistance in Single Crystal Tl 2 Ba 2 CuO 6 journal, January 1996

Anisotropic scattering and anomalous normal-state transport in a high-temperature superconductor journal, November 2006

Heat Transport in a Strongly Overdoped Cuprate: Fermi Liquid and a Pure d -Wave BCS Superconductor journal, September 2002

Quantum oscillations in an overdoped high-Tc superconductor journal, October 2008

Fermi surface and electronic homogeneity of the overdoped cuprate superconductor Tl 2 Ba 2 CuO 6 + δ as revealed by quantum oscillations journal, October 2010

Fermi-Liquid Computation of the Phase Diagram of High- T c Cuprate Superconductors with an Orbital Antiferromagnetic Pseudogap journal, January 2014

Hartree-Fock computation of the high- T c cuprate phase diagram journal, January 2014

Superconductivity for Particular Theorists journal, January 1986

The Ubiquity of Superconductivity journal, March 2011

Superfluidity journal, March 1999

Dependence of the critical temperature in overdoped copper oxides on superfluid density journal, August 2016

Spontaneous breaking of rotational symmetry in copper oxide superconductors journal, July 2017

Atomic-layer engineering of superconducting oxides: yesterday, today, tomorrow journal, March 2001

Superconductor–insulator transition in La2 − xSr x CuO4 at the pair quantum resistance journal, April 2011

Spin excitations in a single La2CuO4 layer journal, September 2012

Persistence of magnetic excitations in La2−xSrxCuO4 from the undoped insulator to the heavily overdoped non-superconducting metal journal, August 2013

Anomalous independence of interface superconductivity from carrier density journal, August 2013

Emergence of superconductivity from the dynamically heterogeneous insulating state in La2−xSrxCuO4 journal, November 2012

Hall effect in quantum critical charge-cluster glass journal, April 2016

Sub-millikelvin stabilization of a closed cycle cryocooler journal, October 2014

High-precision measurement of magnetic penetration depth in superconducting films journal, November 2016

A Sharp Peak of the Zero-Temperature Penetration Depth at Optimal Composition in BaFe2(As1-xPx)2 journal, June 2012

On the Superfluid Fraction of an Arbitrary Many-Body System at T=0 journal, November 1998

Importance of phase fluctuations in superconductors with small superfluid density journal, March 1995

Vanishing of phase coherence in underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ journal, March 1999

Vortex-like excitations and the onset of superconducting phase fluctuation in underdoped La2-xSrxCuO4 journal, August 2000

Temporal correlations of superconductivity above the transition temperature in La2−xSrxCuO4 probed by terahertz spectroscopy journal, February 2011

Temperature range of superconducting fluctuations above T c in YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 − δ single crystals journal, April 2011

Magnetic field and temperature dependence of complex conductance of ultrathin La 1.65 Sr 0.45 CuO 4 /La 2 CuO 4 films journal, September 2012

Persistence of the Superconducting Condensate Far above the Critical Temperature of YBa 2 ( Cu , Zn ) 3 O y Revealed by c -Axis Optical Conductivity Measurements for Several Zn Concentrations and Carrier Doping Levels journal, March 2014

Point nodes persisting far beyond Tc in Bi2212 journal, July 2015

A universal scaling relation in high-temperature superconductors journal, July 2004

Scaling of the superfluid density in high-temperature superconductors journal, October 2005

Magnetic-field penetration depth in TI2Ba2CuO6+δ in the overdoped regime journal, August 1993

Muon spin rotation study of the correlation between T c and n s / m * in overdoped Tl 2 Ba 2 CuO 6 + δ journal, September 1993

Anomalously sharp superconducting transitions in overdoped La 2 − x Sr x CuO 4 films journal, December 2010

Superfluid Density in a Highly Underdoped YBa 2 Cu 3 O 6 + y Superconductor journal, December 2007

Nematic Fermi Fluids in Condensed Matter Physics journal, August 2010

What drives nematic order in iron-based superconductors? journal, January 2014

Dual gauge field theory of quantum liquid crystals in two dimensions journal, April 2017

A strongly inhomogeneous superfluid in an iron-based superconductor journal, July 2019

Possible highT c superconductivity in the Ba?La?Cu?O system
journal, June 1986

Superconductivity at 93 K in a new mixed-phase Y-Ba-Cu-O compound system at ambient pressure
journal, March 1987

Superconductivity up to 164 K in ${HgBa}_{2}$ ${Ca}_{m - 1}$ ${Cu}_{m}$ $O_{2 m + 2 + δ}$ ( m =1, 2, and 3) under quasihydrostatic pressures
journal, August 1994

The Resonating Valence Bond State in La2CuO4 and Superconductivity
journal, March 1987

Boson-Fermion model of superconductivity
journal, July 1989

Bipolarons
journal, December 1994

Giant oxygen isotope shift in the magnetoresistive perovskite La1–xCaxMnO3+y
journal, June 1996

Electron pairs for HTSC
journal, January 2004

A spatial interpretation of emerging superconductivity in lightly doped cuprates
journal, September 2007

Theory of Superconductivity
journal, December 1957

Bose condensation in an attractive fermion gas: From weak to strong coupling superconductivity
journal, May 1985

BCS–BEC crossover: From high temperature superconductors to ultracold superfluids
journal, June 2005

Applying BCS–BEC crossover theory to high-temperature superconductors and ultracold atomic Fermi gases (Review Article)
journal, April 2006

Crossover from Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer to Bose-Einstein Condensation and the Unitary Fermi Gas
journal, March 2014

Emergence of a molecular Bose–Einstein condensate from a Fermi gas
journal, November 2003

Observation of Pair Condensation in the Quasi-2D BEC-BCS Crossover
journal, June 2015

Evolution of Fermion Pairing from Three to Two Dimensions
journal, January 2012

No mixing of superconductivity and antiferromagnetism in a high-temperature superconductor
journal, April 2003

High-temperature interface superconductivity between metallic and insulating copper oxides
journal, October 2008

High-Temperature Superconductivity in a Single Copper-Oxygen Plane
journal, October 2009

Angle-resolved photoemission studies of the cuprate superconductors
journal, April 2003

Low-energy electronic structure of the high- T _c cuprates La _{2− x} Sr _x CuO ₄ studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
journal, March 2007

Chemical Potential Shift in Overdoped and Underdoped ${La}_{2 - x} {Sr}_{x} {CuO}_{4}$
journal, September 1997

Relating atomic-scale electronic phenomena to wave-like quasiparticle states in superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ
journal, April 2003

Angular Dependence of the $c$ -axis Normal State Magnetoresistance in Single Crystal ${Tl}_{2} {Ba}_{2} {CuO}_{6}$
journal, January 1996

Anisotropic scattering and anomalous normal-state transport in a high-temperature superconductor
journal, November 2006

Heat Transport in a Strongly Overdoped Cuprate: Fermi Liquid and a Pure $d$ -Wave BCS Superconductor
journal, September 2002

Quantum oscillations in an overdoped high-Tc superconductor
journal, October 2008

Fermi surface and electronic homogeneity of the overdoped cuprate superconductor ${Tl}_{2} {Ba}_{2} {CuO}_{6 + δ}$ as revealed by quantum oscillations
journal, October 2010

Fermi-Liquid Computation of the Phase Diagram of High- $T_{c}$ Cuprate Superconductors with an Orbital Antiferromagnetic Pseudogap
journal, January 2014

Hartree-Fock computation of the high- $T_{c}$ cuprate phase diagram
journal, January 2014

Superconductivity for Particular Theorists
journal, January 1986

The Ubiquity of Superconductivity
journal, March 2011

Superfluidity
journal, March 1999

Dependence of the critical temperature in overdoped copper oxides on superfluid density
journal, August 2016

Spontaneous breaking of rotational symmetry in copper oxide superconductors
journal, July 2017

Atomic-layer engineering of superconducting oxides: yesterday, today, tomorrow
journal, March 2001

Superconductor–insulator transition in La2 − xSr x CuO4 at the pair quantum resistance
journal, April 2011

Spin excitations in a single La2CuO4 layer
journal, September 2012

Persistence of magnetic excitations in La2−xSrxCuO4 from the undoped insulator to the heavily overdoped non-superconducting metal
journal, August 2013

Anomalous independence of interface superconductivity from carrier density
journal, August 2013

Emergence of superconductivity from the dynamically heterogeneous insulating state in La2−xSrxCuO4
journal, November 2012

Hall effect in quantum critical charge-cluster glass
journal, April 2016

Sub-millikelvin stabilization of a closed cycle cryocooler
journal, October 2014

High-precision measurement of magnetic penetration depth in superconducting films
journal, November 2016

A Sharp Peak of the Zero-Temperature Penetration Depth at Optimal Composition in BaFe2(As1-xPx)2
journal, June 2012

On the Superfluid Fraction of an Arbitrary Many-Body System at T=0
journal, November 1998

Importance of phase fluctuations in superconductors with small superfluid density
journal, March 1995

Vanishing of phase coherence in underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ
journal, March 1999

Vortex-like excitations and the onset of superconducting phase fluctuation in underdoped La2-xSrxCuO4
journal, August 2000

Temporal correlations of superconductivity above the transition temperature in La2−xSrxCuO4 probed by terahertz spectroscopy
journal, February 2011

Temperature range of superconducting fluctuations above $T_{c}$ in YBa $_{2}$ Cu $_{3}$ O $_{7 - δ}$ single crystals
journal, April 2011

Magnetic field and temperature dependence of complex conductance of ultrathin La $_{1.65}$ Sr $_{0.45}$ CuO $_{4}$ /La $_{2}$ CuO $_{4}$ films
journal, September 2012

Persistence of the Superconducting Condensate Far above the Critical Temperature of ${YBa}_{2} (Cu, Zn)_{3} O_{y}$ Revealed by $c$ -Axis Optical Conductivity Measurements for Several Zn Concentrations and Carrier Doping Levels
journal, March 2014

Point nodes persisting far beyond Tc in Bi2212
journal, July 2015

A universal scaling relation in high-temperature superconductors
journal, July 2004

Scaling of the superfluid density in high-temperature superconductors
journal, October 2005

Magnetic-field penetration depth in TI2Ba2CuO6+δ in the overdoped regime
journal, August 1993

Muon spin rotation study of the correlation between $T_{c}$ and $n_{s}$ / $m^{*}$ in overdoped ${Tl}_{2}$ ${Ba}_{2}$ ${CuO}_{6 + δ}$
journal, September 1993

Anomalously sharp superconducting transitions in overdoped ${La}_{2 - x} {Sr}_{x} {CuO}_{4}$ films
journal, December 2010

Superfluid Density in a Highly Underdoped ${YBa}_{2} {Cu}_{3} O_{6 + y}$ Superconductor
journal, December 2007

Nematic Fermi Fluids in Condensed Matter Physics
journal, August 2010

What drives nematic order in iron-based superconductors?
journal, January 2014

Dual gauge field theory of quantum liquid crystals in two dimensions
journal, April 2017

A strongly inhomogeneous superfluid in an iron-based superconductor
journal, July 2019