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Title: SAM-CAAM: A Concept for Acquiring Systematic Aircraft Measurements to Characterize Aerosol Air Masses

Abstract

A modest operational program of systematic aircraft measurements can resolve key satellite aerosol data record limitations. Satellite observations provide frequent global aerosol amount maps but offer only loose aerosol property constraints needed for climate and air quality applications. In this paper, we define and illustrate the feasibility of flying an aircraft payload to measure key aerosol optical, microphysical, and chemical properties in situ. The flight program could characterize major aerosol airmass types statistically, at a level of detail unobtainable from space. It would 1) enhance satellite aerosol retrieval products with better climatology assumptions and 2) improve translation between satellite-retrieved optical properties and species-specific aerosol mass and size simulated in climate models to assess aerosol forcing, its anthropogenic components, and other environmental impacts. As such, Systematic Aircraft Measurements to Characterize Aerosol Air Masses (SAM-CAAM) could add value to data records representing several decades of aerosol observations from space; improve aerosol constraints on climate modeling; help interrelate remote sensing, in situ, and modeling aerosol-type definitions; and contribute to future satellite aerosol missions. Fifteen required variables are identified and four payload options of increasing ambition are defined to constrain these quantities. “Option C” could meet all the SAM-CAAM objectives with about 20 instruments,more » most of which have flown before, but never routinely several times per week, and never as a group. Aircraft integration and approaches to data handling, payload support, and logistical considerations for a long-term, operational mission are discussed. Finally, SAM-CAAM is feasible because, for most aerosol sources and specified seasons, particle properties tend to be repeatable, even if aerosol loading varies.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [2];  [2];  [4];  [1];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [3];  [8];  [9];  [10];  [11];  [12]
  1. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States). Earth Science Division
  2. NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA (United States)
  3. NOAA/Earth System Research Lab., Boulder, CO (United States). Chemical Sciences Division
  4. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
  5. Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States). Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences
  6. Univ. of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD (United States). Dept. of Physics. Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology
  7. Golder Associates Ltd., Saskatoon, SK (Canada); Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI (United States). Dept. of Oceanography
  8. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences
  9. Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States). Dept. of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering
  10. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
  11. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
  12. Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, MA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States); NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
OSTI Identifier:
1430722
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-119244
Journal ID: ISSN 0003-0007
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-76RL01830
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 98; Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 0003-0007
Publisher:
American Meteorological Society
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Citation Formats

Kahn, Ralph A., Berkoff, Tim A., Brock, Charles, Chen, Gao, Ferrare, Richard A., Ghan, Steven, Hansico, Thomas F., Hegg, Dean A., Martins, J. Vanderlei, McNaughton, Cameron S., Murphy, Daniel M., Ogren, John A., Penner, Joyce E., Pilewskie, Peter, Seinfeld, John H., and Worsnop, Douglas R. SAM-CAAM: A Concept for Acquiring Systematic Aircraft Measurements to Characterize Aerosol Air Masses. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0003.1.
Kahn, Ralph A., Berkoff, Tim A., Brock, Charles, Chen, Gao, Ferrare, Richard A., Ghan, Steven, Hansico, Thomas F., Hegg, Dean A., Martins, J. Vanderlei, McNaughton, Cameron S., Murphy, Daniel M., Ogren, John A., Penner, Joyce E., Pilewskie, Peter, Seinfeld, John H., & Worsnop, Douglas R. SAM-CAAM: A Concept for Acquiring Systematic Aircraft Measurements to Characterize Aerosol Air Masses. United States. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0003.1
Kahn, Ralph A., Berkoff, Tim A., Brock, Charles, Chen, Gao, Ferrare, Richard A., Ghan, Steven, Hansico, Thomas F., Hegg, Dean A., Martins, J. Vanderlei, McNaughton, Cameron S., Murphy, Daniel M., Ogren, John A., Penner, Joyce E., Pilewskie, Peter, Seinfeld, John H., and Worsnop, Douglas R. Mon . "SAM-CAAM: A Concept for Acquiring Systematic Aircraft Measurements to Characterize Aerosol Air Masses". United States. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0003.1. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1430722.
@article{osti_1430722,
title = {SAM-CAAM: A Concept for Acquiring Systematic Aircraft Measurements to Characterize Aerosol Air Masses},
author = {Kahn, Ralph A. and Berkoff, Tim A. and Brock, Charles and Chen, Gao and Ferrare, Richard A. and Ghan, Steven and Hansico, Thomas F. and Hegg, Dean A. and Martins, J. Vanderlei and McNaughton, Cameron S. and Murphy, Daniel M. and Ogren, John A. and Penner, Joyce E. and Pilewskie, Peter and Seinfeld, John H. and Worsnop, Douglas R.},
abstractNote = {A modest operational program of systematic aircraft measurements can resolve key satellite aerosol data record limitations. Satellite observations provide frequent global aerosol amount maps but offer only loose aerosol property constraints needed for climate and air quality applications. In this paper, we define and illustrate the feasibility of flying an aircraft payload to measure key aerosol optical, microphysical, and chemical properties in situ. The flight program could characterize major aerosol airmass types statistically, at a level of detail unobtainable from space. It would 1) enhance satellite aerosol retrieval products with better climatology assumptions and 2) improve translation between satellite-retrieved optical properties and species-specific aerosol mass and size simulated in climate models to assess aerosol forcing, its anthropogenic components, and other environmental impacts. As such, Systematic Aircraft Measurements to Characterize Aerosol Air Masses (SAM-CAAM) could add value to data records representing several decades of aerosol observations from space; improve aerosol constraints on climate modeling; help interrelate remote sensing, in situ, and modeling aerosol-type definitions; and contribute to future satellite aerosol missions. Fifteen required variables are identified and four payload options of increasing ambition are defined to constrain these quantities. “Option C” could meet all the SAM-CAAM objectives with about 20 instruments, most of which have flown before, but never routinely several times per week, and never as a group. Aircraft integration and approaches to data handling, payload support, and logistical considerations for a long-term, operational mission are discussed. Finally, SAM-CAAM is feasible because, for most aerosol sources and specified seasons, particle properties tend to be repeatable, even if aerosol loading varies.},
doi = {10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0003.1},
journal = {Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society},
number = 10,
volume = 98,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Oct 30 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Mon Oct 30 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}

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