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Title: A quantitative and spatially resolved analysis of the performance-bottleneck in high efficiency, planar hybrid perovskite solar cells

Abstract

Hybrid perovskites represent a potential paradigm shift for the creation of low-cost solar cells. Current power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) exceed 22%. However, despite this, record PCEs are still far from their theoretical Shockley–Queisser limit of 31%. To increase these PCE values, there is a pressing need to understand, quantify and microscopically model charge recombination processes in full working devices. Here, we present a complete microscopic account of charge recombination processes in high efficiency (18–19% PCE) hybrid perovskite (mixed cation and methylammonium lead iodide) solar cells. We employ diffraction-limited optical measurements along with relevant kinetic modeling to establish, for the first time, local photoluminescence quantum yields, trap densities, trapping efficiencies, charge extraction efficiencies, quasi-Fermi-level splitting, and effective PCE estimates. Correlations between these spatially resolved parameters, in turn, allow us to conclude that intrinsic electron traps in the perovskite active layers limit the performance of these state-of-the-art hybrid perovskite solar cells.

Authors:
 [1]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3];  [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [3]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [3]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States)
  2. National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
  3. Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States). Notre Dame Radiation Lab. (NDRL)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1429608
Report Number(s):
NREL/JA-5900-70074
Journal ID: ISSN 1754-5692
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC36-08GO28308
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Energy & Environmental Science
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 11; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 1754-5692
Publisher:
Royal Society of Chemistry
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
14 SOLAR ENERGY; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; perovskite solar cells; power conversion efficiency; recombination

Citation Formats

Draguta, Sergiu, Christians, Jeffrey A., Morozov, Yurii V., Mucunzi, Anselme, Manser, Joseph S., Kamat, Prashant V., Luther, Joseph M., and Kuno, Masaru. A quantitative and spatially resolved analysis of the performance-bottleneck in high efficiency, planar hybrid perovskite solar cells. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1039/C7EE03654J.
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Draguta, Sergiu, Christians, Jeffrey A., Morozov, Yurii V., Mucunzi, Anselme, Manser, Joseph S., Kamat, Prashant V., Luther, Joseph M., & Kuno, Masaru. A quantitative and spatially resolved analysis of the performance-bottleneck in high efficiency, planar hybrid perovskite solar cells. United States. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7EE03654J
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Draguta, Sergiu, Christians, Jeffrey A., Morozov, Yurii V., Mucunzi, Anselme, Manser, Joseph S., Kamat, Prashant V., Luther, Joseph M., and Kuno, Masaru. Mon . "A quantitative and spatially resolved analysis of the performance-bottleneck in high efficiency, planar hybrid perovskite solar cells". United States. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7EE03654J. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1429608.
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@article{osti_1429608,
title = {A quantitative and spatially resolved analysis of the performance-bottleneck in high efficiency, planar hybrid perovskite solar cells},
author = {Draguta, Sergiu and Christians, Jeffrey A. and Morozov, Yurii V. and Mucunzi, Anselme and Manser, Joseph S. and Kamat, Prashant V. and Luther, Joseph M. and Kuno, Masaru},
abstractNote = {Hybrid perovskites represent a potential paradigm shift for the creation of low-cost solar cells. Current power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) exceed 22%. However, despite this, record PCEs are still far from their theoretical Shockley–Queisser limit of 31%. To increase these PCE values, there is a pressing need to understand, quantify and microscopically model charge recombination processes in full working devices. Here, we present a complete microscopic account of charge recombination processes in high efficiency (18–19% PCE) hybrid perovskite (mixed cation and methylammonium lead iodide) solar cells. We employ diffraction-limited optical measurements along with relevant kinetic modeling to establish, for the first time, local photoluminescence quantum yields, trap densities, trapping efficiencies, charge extraction efficiencies, quasi-Fermi-level splitting, and effective PCE estimates. Correlations between these spatially resolved parameters, in turn, allow us to conclude that intrinsic electron traps in the perovskite active layers limit the performance of these state-of-the-art hybrid perovskite solar cells.},
doi = {10.1039/C7EE03654J},
journal = {Energy & Environmental Science},
number = 4,
volume = 11,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Feb 19 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Mon Feb 19 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
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Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1039/C7EE03654J
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Cited by: 33 works
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Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1 Fig. 1: Fig. 1a first shows a schematic of the FAMACs and MAPbI3 solar cells being studied with device cross-sectional scanning electron micrographs (SEMs) shown in Fig. 1b. In each case, the perovskite layer thickness is ~500 nm with 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,N-di-pmethox phen lamino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) as the HTL and TiO2 as themore » ETL. Champion (average) PCEs are 18.9% (17.9%) and 17.8% (16.5%), respectively (Fig. 1c, see ESI (Electronic Supplementary Information)« less
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