A model for the Global Quantum Efficiency for a TPB-based wavelength-shifting system used with photomultiplier tubes in liquid argon in MicroBooNE

Pate, S. F.; Wester, T.; Bugel, L.; Conrad, J.; Henderson, E.; Jones, B. J. P.; McLean, A. I. L.; Moon, J. S.; Toups, M.; Wongjirad, T.

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/13/02/P02034

Title: A model for the Global Quantum Efficiency for a TPB-based wavelength-shifting system used with photomultiplier tubes in liquid argon in MicroBooNE

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Abstract

We present a model for the Global Quantum Efficiency (GQE) of the MicroBooNE optical units. An optical unit consists of a flat, circular acrylic plate, coated with tetraphenyl butadiene (TPB), positioned near the photocathode of a 20.2-cm diameter photomultiplier tube. The plate converts the ultra-violet scintillation photons from liquid argon into visible-spectrum photons to which the cryogenic phototubes are sensitive. The GQE is the convolution of the efficiency of the plates that convert the 128 nm scintillation light from liquid argon to visible light, the efficiency of the shifted light to reach the photocathode, and the efficiency of the cryogenic photomultiplier tube. We develop a GEANT4-based model of the optical unit, based on first principles, and obtain the range of probable values for the expected number of detected photoelectrons ($$N_{\rm PE}$$) given the known systematic errors on the simulation parameters. We compare results from four measurements of the $$N_{\rm PE}$$ determined using alpha-particle sources placed at two distances from a TPB-coated plate in a liquid argon cryostat test stand. We also directly measured the radial dependence of the quantum efficiency, and find that this has the same shape as predicted by our model. Our model results in a GQE of $$0.0055\pm0.0009$$ for the MicroBooNE optical units. While the information shown here is MicroBooNE specific, the approach to the model and the collection of simulation parameters will be widely applicable to many liquid-argon-based light collection systems.

Authors:

Pate, S. F. ^[1]; Wester, T. ^[2]; Bugel, L. ^[2]; Conrad, J. ^[2]; Henderson, E. ^[1]; Jones, B. J. P. ^[3]; McLean, A. I. L. ^[1]; Moon, J. S. ^[2]; Toups, M. ^[4]; Wongjirad, T. ^[2]

New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM (United States)
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); Univ. of Texas, Arlington, TX (United States)
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

Publication Date:: 2018-02-28

Research Org.:: Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

OSTI Identifier:: 1429335

Report Number(s):: FERMILAB-PUB-17-648-ND; arXiv:1711.01230
Journal ID: ISSN 1748-0221; 1634435; TRN: US1802475

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11359

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of Instrumentation

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 13; Journal Issue: 02; Journal ID: ISSN 1748-0221

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; 46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS

Citation Formats


                    Pate, S. F., Wester, T., Bugel, L., Conrad, J., Henderson, E., Jones, B. J. P., McLean, A. I. L., Moon, J. S., Toups, M., and Wongjirad, T. A model for the Global Quantum Efficiency for a TPB-based wavelength-shifting system used with photomultiplier tubes in liquid argon in MicroBooNE.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1088/1748-0221/13/02/P02034.

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                    Pate, S. F., Wester, T., Bugel, L., Conrad, J., Henderson, E., Jones, B. J. P., McLean, A. I. L., Moon, J. S., Toups, M., & Wongjirad, T. A model for the Global Quantum Efficiency for a TPB-based wavelength-shifting system used with photomultiplier tubes in liquid argon in MicroBooNE.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/13/02/P02034

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                    Pate, S. F., Wester, T., Bugel, L., Conrad, J., Henderson, E., Jones, B. J. P., McLean, A. I. L., Moon, J. S., Toups, M., and Wongjirad, T. Wed .  
"A model for the Global Quantum Efficiency for a TPB-based wavelength-shifting system used with photomultiplier tubes in liquid argon in MicroBooNE".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/13/02/P02034.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1429335.

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@article{osti_1429335,

  title        = {A model for the Global Quantum Efficiency for a TPB-based wavelength-shifting system used with photomultiplier tubes in liquid argon in MicroBooNE},

  author       = {Pate, S. F. and Wester, T. and Bugel, L. and Conrad, J. and Henderson, E. and Jones, B. J. P. and McLean, A. I. L. and Moon, J. S. and Toups, M. and Wongjirad, T.},

  abstractNote = {We present a model for the Global Quantum Efficiency (GQE) of the MicroBooNE optical units. An optical unit consists of a flat, circular acrylic plate, coated with tetraphenyl butadiene (TPB), positioned near the photocathode of a 20.2-cm diameter photomultiplier tube. The plate converts the ultra-violet scintillation photons from liquid argon into visible-spectrum photons to which the cryogenic phototubes are sensitive. The GQE is the convolution of the efficiency of the plates that convert the 128 nm scintillation light from liquid argon to visible light, the efficiency of the shifted light to reach the photocathode, and the efficiency of the cryogenic photomultiplier tube. We develop a GEANT4-based model of the optical unit, based on first principles, and obtain the range of probable values for the expected number of detected photoelectrons ($N_{\rm PE}$) given the known systematic errors on the simulation parameters. We compare results from four measurements of the $N_{\rm PE}$ determined using alpha-particle sources placed at two distances from a TPB-coated plate in a liquid argon cryostat test stand. We also directly measured the radial dependence of the quantum efficiency, and find that this has the same shape as predicted by our model. Our model results in a GQE of $0.0055\pm0.0009$ for the MicroBooNE optical units. While the information shown here is MicroBooNE specific, the approach to the model and the collection of simulation parameters will be widely applicable to many liquid-argon-based light collection systems.},

  doi          = {10.1088/1748-0221/13/02/P02034},

  journal      = {Journal of Instrumentation},

  number       = 02,

  volume       = 13,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2018},

  month        = {2}

}

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