An Acrylonitrile–Butadiene–Lignin Renewable Skin with Programmable and Switchable Electrical Conductivity for Stress/Strain-Sensing Applications

Nguyen, Ngoc A.; Meek, Kelly M.; Bowland, Christopher C.; Barnes, Sietske H.; Naskar, Amit K.

doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02336

Title: An Acrylonitrile–Butadiene–Lignin Renewable Skin with Programmable and Switchable Electrical Conductivity for Stress/Strain-Sensing Applications

Journal Article · 28 December 2017 · Macromolecules

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02336 · OSTI ID:1429206

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Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science & Technology Division, Carbon and Composites Group

We report an approach for programming electrical conductivity of a bio-based leathery skin devised with a layer of 60 nm metallic nanoparticles. Lignin-based renewable shape-memory materials were made, for the first time, to program and restore the materials’ electrical conductivity after repeated deformation up to 100% strain amplitude, at a temperature 60–115 °C above the glass transition temperature (T_g) of the rubbery matrix. We cross-linked lignin macromolecules with an acrylonitrile–butadiene rubbery melt in high quantities ranging from 40 to 60 wt % and processed the resulting thermoplastics into thin films. Chemical and physical networks within the polymeric materials significantly enhanced key characteristics such as mechanical stiffness, strain fixity, and temperature-stimulated recovery of shape. The branched structures of the guaiacylpropane-dominant softwood lignin significantly improve the rubber’s T_g and produced a film with stored and recoverable elastic work density that was an order of magnitude greater than those of the neat rubber and of samples made with syringylpropane-rich hardwood lignin. The devices could exhibit switching of conductivity before and after shape recovery.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation and Fuels. Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1429206

Journal Information:: Macromolecules, Vol. 51, Issue 1; ISSN 0024-9297

Publisher:: American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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