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Title: Advances in high gradient normal conducting accelerator structures

Abstract

Here, this paper reviews the current state-of-the-art in understanding the phenomena of ultra-high vacuum radio-frequency (rf) breakdown in accelerating structures and the efforts to improve stable operation of the structures at accelerating gradients above 100 MV/m. Numerous studies have been conducted recently with the goal of understanding the dependence of the achievable accelerating gradients and breakdown rates on the frequency of operations, the geometry of the structure, material and method of fabrication, and operational temperature. Tests have been conducted with single standing wave accelerator cells as well as with the multi-cell traveling wave structures. Notable theoretical effort was directed at understanding the physical mechanisms of the rf breakdown and its statistical behavior. Finally, the achievements presented in this paper are the result of the large continuous self-sustaining collaboration of multiple research institutions in the United States and worldwide.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [2]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States).
  2. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC). High Energy Physics (HEP) (SC-25); USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1427389
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1703439
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-18-20641
Journal ID: ISSN 0168-9002; TRN: US1802460
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC52-06NA25396; AC02-76SF00515
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A, Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 907; Journal ID: ISSN 0168-9002
Publisher:
Elsevier
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION; 43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS; Normal conducting radio-frequency acceleration; Accelerating cavity; Inear accelerators

Citation Formats

Simakov, Evgenya Ivanovna, Dolgashev, Valery A., and Tantawi, Sami G. Advances in high gradient normal conducting accelerator structures. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2018.02.085.
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Simakov, Evgenya Ivanovna, Dolgashev, Valery A., & Tantawi, Sami G. Advances in high gradient normal conducting accelerator structures. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.02.085
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Simakov, Evgenya Ivanovna, Dolgashev, Valery A., and Tantawi, Sami G. Fri . "Advances in high gradient normal conducting accelerator structures". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.02.085. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1427389.
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@article{osti_1427389,
title = {Advances in high gradient normal conducting accelerator structures},
author = {Simakov, Evgenya Ivanovna and Dolgashev, Valery A. and Tantawi, Sami G.},
abstractNote = {Here, this paper reviews the current state-of-the-art in understanding the phenomena of ultra-high vacuum radio-frequency (rf) breakdown in accelerating structures and the efforts to improve stable operation of the structures at accelerating gradients above 100 MV/m. Numerous studies have been conducted recently with the goal of understanding the dependence of the achievable accelerating gradients and breakdown rates on the frequency of operations, the geometry of the structure, material and method of fabrication, and operational temperature. Tests have been conducted with single standing wave accelerator cells as well as with the multi-cell traveling wave structures. Notable theoretical effort was directed at understanding the physical mechanisms of the rf breakdown and its statistical behavior. Finally, the achievements presented in this paper are the result of the large continuous self-sustaining collaboration of multiple research institutions in the United States and worldwide.},
doi = {10.1016/j.nima.2018.02.085},
journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A, Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment},
number = ,
volume = 907,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Mar 09 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Fri Mar 09 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
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Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.02.085
Copyright Statement
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Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 30 works
Citation information provided by
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Figures / Tables:

Figure 1 Figure 1: Typical experimental breakdown data with constant rf pulse shape and rf power: a) the number of accumulated breakdowns vs. the number of pulses and a linear fit; and b) the histogram of the number of pulses between the consequent breakdowns and an exponential fit.
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Works referenced in this record:

High-power free-electron lasers–technology and future applications
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Electron linac with deep energy control for Adaptive Rail Cargo Inspection System
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Experimental study of rf pulsed heating
journal, April 2011

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Experimental high gradient testing of a 17.1 GHz photonic band-gap accelerator structure
journal, March 2016

High-power comparison among brazed, clamped and electroformed X-band cavities
journal, November 2011

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High power tests of an electroforming cavity operating at 11.424 GHz
journal, March 2016

Results of high power tests of dual mode accelerating structure
conference, April 2014

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  • 2014 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IVEC)
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Frequency and Temperature Dependence of Electrical Breakdown at 21, 30, and 39 GHz
journal, June 2003

rf breakdown tests of mm-wave metallic accelerating structures
journal, January 2016

Experimental measurements of rf breakdowns and deflecting gradients in mm-wave metallic accelerating structures
journal, May 2016

rf breakdown measurements in electron beam driven 200 GHz copper and copper-silver accelerating structures
journal, November 2016

High-gradient breakdown studies of an X -band Compact Linear Collider prototype structure
journal, May 2017

Design and optimization of Compact Linear Collider main linac accelerating structure
journal, November 2016

Statistics of vacuum breakdown in the high-gradient and low-rate regime
journal, January 2017

Possible role of rf melted microparticles on the operation of high-gradient accelerating structures
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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Mechanism of vacuum breakdown in radio-frequency accelerating structures
    journal, June 2018

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      Figures / Tables found in this record:

      Figure 1 (p. 8)figure
      Figure 2 (p. 10)figure
      Figure 3 (p. 10)figure
      Figure 4 (p. 11)figure
      Figure 5 (p. 12)figure
      Figure 6 (p. 13)figure
      Figure 7 (p. 14)figure
      Figure 8 (p. 14)figure
      Figure 15 (p. 15)figure
      Figure 10 (p. 17)figure
      Figure 11 (p. 18)figure
      Figure 12 (p. 21)figure
      Figure 13 (p. 22)figure
      Figure 14 (p. 22)figure
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