The effect of Na on Cu-K-In-Se thin film growth
Abstract
Co-evaporation of Cu-KF-In-Se was performed on substrates with varied Na supply. Compositions of interest for photovoltaic absorbers were studied, with ratios of (K + Cu)/In ~ 0.85 and K/(K + Cu) ~ 0-0.57. Bare soda-lime glass (SLG) substrates had the highest Na supply as measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry, while SLG/Mo and SLG/SiO2/Mo substrates led to 3x and 3000x less Na in the growing film, respectively. Increased Na supply favored Cu1-xKxInSe2 (CKIS) alloy formation as proven by X-ray diffraction (XRD), while decreased Na supply favored the formation of CuInSe2 + KInSe2 mixed-phase films. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed the KInSe2 precipitates to be readily recognizable planar crystals. Extrinsic KF addition during film growth promoted diffusion of Na out from the various substrates and into the growing film, in agreement with previous reports. Time-resolved photoluminescence showed enhanced minority carrier lifetimes for films with moderate K compositions (0.04 < K/(K + Cu) < 0.14) grown on SLG/Mo. Due to the relatively high detection limit of KInSe2 by XRD and the low magnitude of chalcopyrite lattice shift for CKIS alloys with these compositions, it is unclear if the lifetime gains were associated with CKIS alloying, minor KInSe2 content,more »
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States); National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1427350
- Report Number(s):
- NREL/JA-5K00-71039
Journal ID: ISSN 0022-0248
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC36-08GO28308
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Crystal Growth
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 488; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0022-0248
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; crystal morphology; segregation; solid solutions; physical vapor deposition processes; alloys; semiconducting materials
Citation Formats
Muzzillo, Christopher P., Tong, Ho Ming, and Anderson, Timothy J. The effect of Na on Cu-K-In-Se thin film growth. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2018.02.035.
Muzzillo, Christopher P., Tong, Ho Ming, & Anderson, Timothy J. The effect of Na on Cu-K-In-Se thin film growth. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2018.02.035
Muzzillo, Christopher P., Tong, Ho Ming, and Anderson, Timothy J. Tue .
"The effect of Na on Cu-K-In-Se thin film growth". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2018.02.035. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1427350.
@article{osti_1427350,
title = {The effect of Na on Cu-K-In-Se thin film growth},
author = {Muzzillo, Christopher P. and Tong, Ho Ming and Anderson, Timothy J.},
abstractNote = {Co-evaporation of Cu-KF-In-Se was performed on substrates with varied Na supply. Compositions of interest for photovoltaic absorbers were studied, with ratios of (K + Cu)/In ~ 0.85 and K/(K + Cu) ~ 0-0.57. Bare soda-lime glass (SLG) substrates had the highest Na supply as measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry, while SLG/Mo and SLG/SiO2/Mo substrates led to 3x and 3000x less Na in the growing film, respectively. Increased Na supply favored Cu1-xKxInSe2 (CKIS) alloy formation as proven by X-ray diffraction (XRD), while decreased Na supply favored the formation of CuInSe2 + KInSe2 mixed-phase films. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed the KInSe2 precipitates to be readily recognizable planar crystals. Extrinsic KF addition during film growth promoted diffusion of Na out from the various substrates and into the growing film, in agreement with previous reports. Time-resolved photoluminescence showed enhanced minority carrier lifetimes for films with moderate K compositions (0.04 < K/(K + Cu) < 0.14) grown on SLG/Mo. Due to the relatively high detection limit of KInSe2 by XRD and the low magnitude of chalcopyrite lattice shift for CKIS alloys with these compositions, it is unclear if the lifetime gains were associated with CKIS alloying, minor KInSe2 content, or both. The identified Na-K interdependency can be used to engineer alkali metal bonding in Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2 absorbers to optimize both initial and long-term photovoltaic power generation.},
doi = {10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2018.02.035},
journal = {Journal of Crystal Growth},
number = C,
volume = 488,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Feb 27 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Tue Feb 27 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
Web of Science
Figures / Tables:
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Works referencing / citing this record:
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