A multi-plate velocity-map imaging design for high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy

Kregel, Steven J.; Thurston, Glen K.; Zhou, Jia; Garand, Etienne

doi:10.1063/1.4996011

Title: A multi-plate velocity-map imaging design for high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy

Abstract

A velocity map imaging (VMI) setup consisting of multiple electrodes with three adjustable voltage parameters, designed for slow electron velocity map imaging applications, is presented. The motivations for this design are discussed in terms of parameters that influence the VMI resolution and functionality. Particularly, this VMI has two tunable potentials used to adjust for optimal focus, yielding good VMI focus across a relatively large energy range. It also allows for larger interaction volumes without significant sacrifice to the resolution via a smaller electric gradient at the interaction region. All the electrodes in this VMI have the same dimensions for practicality and flexibility, allowing for relatively easy modifications to suit different experimental needs. We have coupled this VMI to a cryogenic ion trap mass spectrometer that has a flexible source design. The performance is demonstrated with the photoelectron spectra of S- and CS₂^-. The latter has a long vibrational progression in the ground state, and the temperature dependence of the vibronic features is probed by changing the temperature of the ion trap.

Authors:

^[1];

^[1]; Zhou, Jia ^[1];

^[1]

Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Chemistry

Publication Date:: 2017-09-01

Research Org.:: Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI Identifier:: 1425951

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1378126

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0010326; CHE-0840494

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of Chemical Physics

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 147; Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 0021-9606

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

Citation Formats


                    Kregel, Steven J., Thurston, Glen K., Zhou, Jia, and Garand, Etienne. A multi-plate velocity-map imaging design for high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4996011.

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                    Kregel, Steven J., Thurston, Glen K., Zhou, Jia, & Garand, Etienne. A multi-plate velocity-map imaging design for high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4996011

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                    Kregel, Steven J., Thurston, Glen K., Zhou, Jia, and Garand, Etienne. Fri .  
"A multi-plate velocity-map imaging design for high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4996011.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1425951.

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@article{osti_1425951,

  title        = {A multi-plate velocity-map imaging design for high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy},

  author       = {Kregel, Steven J. and Thurston, Glen K. and Zhou, Jia and Garand, Etienne},

  abstractNote = {A velocity map imaging (VMI) setup consisting of multiple electrodes with three adjustable voltage parameters, designed for slow electron velocity map imaging applications, is presented. The motivations for this design are discussed in terms of parameters that influence the VMI resolution and functionality. Particularly, this VMI has two tunable potentials used to adjust for optimal focus, yielding good VMI focus across a relatively large energy range. It also allows for larger interaction volumes without significant sacrifice to the resolution via a smaller electric gradient at the interaction region. All the electrodes in this VMI have the same dimensions for practicality and flexibility, allowing for relatively easy modifications to suit different experimental needs. We have coupled this VMI to a cryogenic ion trap mass spectrometer that has a flexible source design. The performance is demonstrated with the photoelectron spectra of S- and CS2-. The latter has a long vibrational progression in the ground state, and the temperature dependence of the vibronic features is probed by changing the temperature of the ion trap.},

  doi          = {10.1063/1.4996011},

  journal      = {Journal of Chemical Physics},

  number       = 9,

  volume       = 147,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2017},

  month        = {9}

}

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journal (1)

Title: A multi-plate velocity-map imaging design for high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy

Abstract

Citation Formats

Photodetachment photoelectron spectroscopy of perylene and CS2: two extreme cases journal, August 1997

Direct current slice imaging journal, April 2003

Isomer-specific vibronic structure of the 9-, 1-, and 2-anthracenyl radicals via slow photoelectron velocity-map imaging journal, January 2016

Photoelectron imaging: an experimental window into electronic structure journal, January 2009

Perspective: Electrospray photoelectron spectroscopy: From multiply-charged anions to ultracold anions journal, July 2015

“The Even-Lavie valve as a source for high intensity supersonic beam” journal, December 2015

Ligand influence on the electronic spectra of monocationic copper–bipyridine complexes journal, January 2015

Velocity map imaging of ion–molecule reactions journal, January 2014

Velocity-map imaging study of the photodissociation of acetaldehyde journal, March 2005

Imaging the dynamics of gas phase reactions journal, January 2006

The design and performance of a velocity map imaging spectrometer for the study of molecular photoionisation dynamics journal, December 2012

Velocity map imaging of the dynamics of bimolecular chemical reactions journal, January 2010

Velocity map ion imaging study of Ar2+ photodissociation journal, March 2017

Competing pathways in the near-UV photochemistry of acetaldehyde journal, January 2017

S-P Coupling Induced Unusual Open-Shell Metal Clusters journal, March 2014

Imaging Dynamics on the F + H2O -> HF + OH Potential Energy Surfaces from Wells to Barriers journal, January 2014

Soft X-ray spectroscopy of nanoparticles by velocity map imaging journal, July 2017

Development of a low-temperature photoelectron spectroscopy instrument using an electrospray ion source and a cryogenically controlled ion trap journal, July 2008

Universal and State-Resolved Imaging of Chemical Dynamics journal, October 2005

The design and construction of a high-resolution velocity-map imaging apparatus for photoelectron spectroscopy studies of size-selected clusters journal, August 2014

Two‐dimensional imaging of state‐selected photodissociation products detected by multiphoton ionization journal, July 1987

Velocity map imaging of ions and electrons using electrostatic lenses: Application in photoelectron and photofragment ion imaging of molecular oxygen journal, September 1997

A dual cryogenic ion trap spectrometer for the formation and characterization of solvated ionic clusters journal, November 2015

Electron affinities of CO2, OCS, and CS2 journal, April 1998

Recursive methods for computing the Abel transform and its inverse journal, January 1985

High-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy of linear ← bent polyatomic photodetachment transitions: The electron affinity of CS 2 journal, October 2012

Probing the Electronic Structure of Small Molecular Anions by Photoelectron Imaging † journal, October 2003

Improved sliced velocity map imaging apparatus optimized for H photofragments journal, April 2013

Cluster anions: Structure, interactions, and dynamics in the sub-nanoscale regime journal, January 2004

A versatile electron-ion coincidence spectrometer for photoelectron momentum imaging and threshold spectroscopy on mass selected ions using synchrotron radiation journal, February 2009

Photoelectron imaging spectroscopy of molecular and cluster anions: CS2− and OCS−(H2O)1,2 journal, April 2002

Slow Electron Velocity-Map Imaging of Negative Ions: Applications to Spectroscopy and Dynamics † journal, December 2008

High-resolution velocity-map-imaging photoelectron spectroscopy of the O − photodetachment fine-structure transitions journal, November 2007

Application of gas phase cryogenic vibrational spectroscopy to characterize the CO 2 , CO, N 2 and N 2 O interactions with the open coordination site on a Ni(I) macrocycle using dual cryogenic ion traps journal, February 2017

Evidence for direct molecular oxygen production in CO 2 photodissociation journal, October 2014

Validation of velocity map imaging conditions over larger areas journal, April 2013

Imaging the photodissociation dynamics of neutral metal clusters: copper dimer, Cu 2 , and copper oxide, CuO journal, January 2014

Photoelectron spectroscopy of radical anions journal, January 1986

Velocity-map imaging at low extraction fields journal, June 2012

General symmetry selection rules for the photoionization of polyatomic molecules journal, December 1997

Photoelectron imaging of negative ions journal, January 2008

Probing the Angular Momentum Character of the Valence Orbitals of Free Sodium Nanoclusters journal, March 2009

Perspective: Advanced particle imaging journal, July 2017

HIGH RESOLUTION RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY OF GASES: XI. SPECTRA OF CS 2 AND CO 2 journal, February 1958

High-resolution photoelectron imaging and resonant photoelectron spectroscopy via noncovalently bound excited states of cryogenically cooled anions journal, January 2019

Ground and low-lying excited states of phenoxy, 1-naphthoxy, and 2-naphthoxy radicals via anion photoelectron spectroscopy journal, August 2018

Vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectroscopy of oligothiophene radical anions journal, October 2019

Photodetachment photoelectron spectroscopy of perylene and CS2: two extreme cases
journal, August 1997

Direct current slice imaging
journal, April 2003

Isomer-specific vibronic structure of the 9-, 1-, and 2-anthracenyl radicals via slow photoelectron velocity-map imaging
journal, January 2016

Photoelectron imaging: an experimental window into electronic structure
journal, January 2009

Perspective: Electrospray photoelectron spectroscopy: From multiply-charged anions to ultracold anions
journal, July 2015

“The Even-Lavie valve as a source for high intensity supersonic beam”
journal, December 2015

Ligand influence on the electronic spectra of monocationic copper–bipyridine complexes
journal, January 2015

Velocity map imaging of ion–molecule reactions
journal, January 2014

Velocity-map imaging study of the photodissociation of acetaldehyde
journal, March 2005

Imaging the dynamics of gas phase reactions
journal, January 2006

The design and performance of a velocity map imaging spectrometer for the study of molecular photoionisation dynamics
journal, December 2012

Velocity map imaging of the dynamics of bimolecular chemical reactions
journal, January 2010

Velocity map ion imaging study of Ar2+ photodissociation
journal, March 2017

Competing pathways in the near-UV photochemistry of acetaldehyde
journal, January 2017

S-P Coupling Induced Unusual Open-Shell Metal Clusters
journal, March 2014

Imaging Dynamics on the F + H2O -> HF + OH Potential Energy Surfaces from Wells to Barriers
journal, January 2014

Soft X-ray spectroscopy of nanoparticles by velocity map imaging
journal, July 2017

Development of a low-temperature photoelectron spectroscopy instrument using an electrospray ion source and a cryogenically controlled ion trap
journal, July 2008

Universal and State-Resolved Imaging of Chemical Dynamics
journal, October 2005

The design and construction of a high-resolution velocity-map imaging apparatus for photoelectron spectroscopy studies of size-selected clusters
journal, August 2014

Two‐dimensional imaging of state‐selected photodissociation products detected by multiphoton ionization
journal, July 1987

Velocity map imaging of ions and electrons using electrostatic lenses: Application in photoelectron and photofragment ion imaging of molecular oxygen
journal, September 1997

A dual cryogenic ion trap spectrometer for the formation and characterization of solvated ionic clusters
journal, November 2015

Electron affinities of CO2, OCS, and CS2
journal, April 1998

Recursive methods for computing the Abel transform and its inverse
journal, January 1985

High-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy of linear ← bent polyatomic photodetachment transitions: The electron affinity of CS ₂
journal, October 2012

Probing the Electronic Structure of Small Molecular Anions by Photoelectron Imaging ^†
journal, October 2003

Improved sliced velocity map imaging apparatus optimized for H photofragments
journal, April 2013

Cluster anions: Structure, interactions, and dynamics in the sub-nanoscale regime
journal, January 2004

A versatile electron-ion coincidence spectrometer for photoelectron momentum imaging and threshold spectroscopy on mass selected ions using synchrotron radiation
journal, February 2009

Photoelectron imaging spectroscopy of molecular and cluster anions: CS2− and OCS−(H2O)1,2
journal, April 2002

Slow Electron Velocity-Map Imaging of Negative Ions: Applications to Spectroscopy and Dynamics ^†
journal, December 2008

High-resolution velocity-map-imaging photoelectron spectroscopy of the $O^{-}$ photodetachment fine-structure transitions
journal, November 2007

Application of gas phase cryogenic vibrational spectroscopy to characterize the CO 2 , CO, N 2 and N 2 O interactions with the open coordination site on a Ni(I) macrocycle using dual cryogenic ion traps
journal, February 2017

Evidence for direct molecular oxygen production in CO ₂ photodissociation
journal, October 2014

Validation of velocity map imaging conditions over larger areas
journal, April 2013

Imaging the photodissociation dynamics of neutral metal clusters: copper dimer, Cu ₂ , and copper oxide, CuO
journal, January 2014

Photoelectron spectroscopy of radical anions
journal, January 1986

Velocity-map imaging at low extraction fields
journal, June 2012

General symmetry selection rules for the photoionization of polyatomic molecules
journal, December 1997

Photoelectron imaging of negative ions
journal, January 2008

Probing the Angular Momentum Character of the Valence Orbitals of Free Sodium Nanoclusters
journal, March 2009

Perspective: Advanced particle imaging
journal, July 2017

HIGH RESOLUTION RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY OF GASES: XI. SPECTRA OF CS ₂ AND CO ₂
journal, February 1958

High-resolution photoelectron imaging and resonant photoelectron spectroscopy via noncovalently bound excited states of cryogenically cooled anions
journal, January 2019

Ground and low-lying excited states of phenoxy, 1-naphthoxy, and 2-naphthoxy radicals via anion photoelectron spectroscopy
journal, August 2018

Vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectroscopy of oligothiophene radical anions
journal, October 2019