Potential for natural evaporation as a reliable renewable energy resource
Abstract
About 50% of the solar energy absorbed at the Earth’s surface drives evaporation, fueling the water cycle that affects various renewable energy resources, such as wind and hydropower. Recent advances demonstrate our nascent ability to convert evaporation energy into work, yet there is little understanding about the potential of this resource. Here in this paper we study the energy available from natural evaporation to predict the potential of this ubiquitous resource. We find that natural evaporation from open water surfaces could provide power densities comparable to current wind and solar technologies while cutting evaporative water losses by nearly half. We estimate up to 325 GW of power is potentially available in the United States. Strikingly, water’s large heat capacity is sufficient to control power output by storing excess energy when demand is low, thus reducing intermittency and improving reliability. Our findings motivate the improvement of materials and devices that convert energy from evaporation.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[4]
- Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering
- Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States). Dept. of of Biological Sciences; City Univ. (CUNY), NY (United States). Graduate Center, Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC); City Univ. (CUNY), NY (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering
- Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States). Dept. of of Earth and Environmental Engineering
- Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States). Dept. of of Biological Sciences, and Dept. of Physics
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE; National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1425942
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0007999; SC0014203
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature Communications
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 8; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 13 HYDRO ENERGY; Renewable energy; Devices for energy harvesting; Hydrology
Citation Formats
Cavusoglu, Ahmet-Hamdi, Chen, Xi, Gentine, Pierre, and Sahin, Ozgur. Potential for natural evaporation as a reliable renewable energy resource. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00581-w.
Cavusoglu, Ahmet-Hamdi, Chen, Xi, Gentine, Pierre, & Sahin, Ozgur. Potential for natural evaporation as a reliable renewable energy resource. United States. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00581-w
Cavusoglu, Ahmet-Hamdi, Chen, Xi, Gentine, Pierre, and Sahin, Ozgur. Tue .
"Potential for natural evaporation as a reliable renewable energy resource". United States. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00581-w. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1425942.
@article{osti_1425942,
title = {Potential for natural evaporation as a reliable renewable energy resource},
author = {Cavusoglu, Ahmet-Hamdi and Chen, Xi and Gentine, Pierre and Sahin, Ozgur},
abstractNote = {About 50% of the solar energy absorbed at the Earth’s surface drives evaporation, fueling the water cycle that affects various renewable energy resources, such as wind and hydropower. Recent advances demonstrate our nascent ability to convert evaporation energy into work, yet there is little understanding about the potential of this resource. Here in this paper we study the energy available from natural evaporation to predict the potential of this ubiquitous resource. We find that natural evaporation from open water surfaces could provide power densities comparable to current wind and solar technologies while cutting evaporative water losses by nearly half. We estimate up to 325 GW of power is potentially available in the United States. Strikingly, water’s large heat capacity is sufficient to control power output by storing excess energy when demand is low, thus reducing intermittency and improving reliability. Our findings motivate the improvement of materials and devices that convert energy from evaporation.},
doi = {10.1038/s41467-017-00581-w},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = 1,
volume = 8,
place = {United States},
year = {2017},
month = {9}
}
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Cited by: 14 works
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Figures / Tables:
Figure 1: The surface energy balance in the absence and presence of an evaporation-driven engine. a The net radiative energy into a water body is balanced by convection and evaporation. b An example of an evaporation-driven engine, incorporating water-responsive materials, placed at the water surface can harness energy from evaporation12.more »
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Works referenced in this record:
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journal, May 2010
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Bio-inspired, Moisture-Powered Hybrid Carbon Nanotube Yarn Muscles
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El Niño–La Niña cycle and recent trends in continental evaporation
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An update on Earth's energy balance in light of the latest global observations
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Land–atmosphere feedbacks amplify aridity increase over land under global warming
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Photogated humidity-driven motility
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Satellite-based global-ocean mass balance estimates of interannual variability and emerging trends in continental freshwater discharge
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Evidence for intensification of the global water cycle: Review and synthesis
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- Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 319, Issue 1-4
The transpiration of water at negative pressures in a synthetic tree
journal, September 2008
- Wheeler, Tobias D.; Stroock, Abraham D.
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Code and Data for Potential for natural evaporation as reliable renewable energy resource
fileset, September 2017
- Cavusoglu, Ahmet-Hamdi; Chen, Xi; Gentine, Pierre
- figshare, 8 files
Bio-Inspired Polymer Composite Actuator and Generator Driven by Water Gradients
journal, January 2013
- Ma, M.; Guo, L.; Anderson, D. G.
- Science, Vol. 339, Issue 6116
Emergent relation between surface vapor conductance and relative humidity profiles yields evaporation rates from weather data
journal, April 2013
- Salvucci, G. D.; Gentine, P.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 110, Issue 16
The contribution of reduction in evaporative cooling to higher surface air temperatures during drought: Drought and Temperature
journal, November 2014
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- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 41, Issue 22
The regional abundance and size distribution of lakes and reservoirs in the United States and implications for estimates of global lake extent
journal, March 2012
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- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 57, Issue 2
An autonomous actuator driven by fluctuations in ambient humidity
journal, July 2016
- Arazoe, Hiroki; Miyajima, Daigo; Akaike, Kouki
- Nature Materials, Vol. 15, Issue 10
A Parameterization of the Evaporation from Nonsaturated Surfaces
journal, January 1979
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- Journal of Applied Meteorology, Vol. 18, Issue 1
The global energy balance from a surface perspective
journal, November 2012
- Wild, Martin; Folini, Doris; Schär, Christoph
- Climate Dynamics, Vol. 40, Issue 11-12
Land-Surface-Atmosphere Coupling in Observations and Models: LAND-SURFACE-ATMOSPHERE COUPLING
journal, March 2009
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- Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 1, Issue 3
Wind speed reductions by large-scale wind turbine deployments lower turbine efficiencies and set low generation limits
journal, November 2016
- Miller, Lee M.; Kleidon, Axel
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, Issue 48
Intermittency and the Value of Renewable Energy
journal, August 2016
- Gowrisankaran, Gautam; Reynolds, Stanley S.; Samano, Mario
- Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 124, Issue 4
The global abundance and size distribution of lakes, ponds, and impoundments
journal, September 2006
- Downing, J. A.; Prairie, Y. T.; Cole, J. J.
- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 51, Issue 5
Bacillus spores as building blocks for stimuli-responsive materials and nanogenerators
journal, January 2014
- Chen, Xi; Mahadevan, L.; Driks, Adam
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 9, Issue 2
Atmospheric Moisture Recycling: Role of Advection and Local Evaporation
journal, May 1999
- Trenberth, Kevin E.
- Journal of Climate, Vol. 12, Issue 5
Importance of rain evaporation and continental convection in the tropical water cycle
journal, February 2007
- Worden, John; Noone, David; Bowman, Kevin
- Nature, Vol. 445, Issue 7127
Steam generation under one sun enabled by a floating structure with thermal concentration
journal, August 2016
- Ni, George; Li, Gabriel; Boriskina, Svetlana V.
- Nature Energy, Vol. 1, Issue 9
The impact of global land-cover change on the terrestrial water cycle
journal, October 2012
- Sterling, Shannon M.; Ducharne, Agnès; Polcher, Jan
- Nature Climate Change, Vol. 3, Issue 4
Two methods for estimating limits to large-scale wind power generation
journal, August 2015
- Miller, Lee M.; Brunsell, Nathaniel A.; Mechem, David B.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 112, Issue 36
Scaling up nanoscale water-driven energy conversion into evaporation-driven engines and generators
journal, June 2015
- Chen, Xi; Goodnight, Davis; Gao, Zhenghan
- Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Influence of Soil Moisture on Boundary Layer Cloud Development
journal, February 2004
- Ek, M. B.; Holtslag, A. A. M.
- Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Impact of soil moisture‐climate feedbacks on CMIP5 projections: First results from the GLACE‐CMIP5 experiment
journal, October 2013
- Seneviratne, Sonia I.; Wilhelm, Micah; Stanelle, Tanja
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 40, Issue 19
Evaporation estimates using weather station data and boundary layer theory: EVAPORATION FROM WEATHER DATA
journal, November 2016
- Gentine, P.; Chhang, A.; Rigden, A.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 43, Issue 22
High-resolution mapping of global surface water and its long-term changes
journal, December 2016
- Pekel, Jean-François; Cottam, Andrew; Gorelick, Noel
- Nature, Vol. 540, Issue 7633
Water-evaporation-induced electricity with nanostructured carbon materials
journal, January 2017
- Xue, Guobin; Xu, Ying; Ding, Tianpeng
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 12, Issue 4
Regional amplification of projected changes in extreme temperatures strongly controlled by soil moisture‐temperature feedbacks
journal, February 2017
- Vogel, M. M.; Orth, R.; Cheruy, F.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 44, Issue 3
Development and validation of a global database of lakes, reservoirs and wetlands
journal, August 2004
- Lehner, Bernhard; Döll, Petra
- Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 296, Issue 1-4
Constrained work output of the moist atmospheric heat engine in a warming climate
journal, January 2015
- Laliberte, F.; Zika, J.; Mudryk, L.
- Science, Vol. 347, Issue 6221
Understanding Decreases in Land Relative Humidity with Global Warming: Conceptual Model and GCM Simulations
journal, December 2016
- Byrne, Michael P.; O’Gorman, Paul A.
- Journal of Climate, Vol. 29, Issue 24
The Ratio of Heat Losses by Conduction and by Evaporation from any Water Surface
journal, June 1926
- Bowen, I. S.
- Physical Review, Vol. 27, Issue 6
The Interpretation of the Variations in Leaf Water Potential and Stomatal Conductance Found in Canopies in the Field
journal, February 1976
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Impact of urbanization and land-use change on climate
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Increasing the Value of Wind with Energy Storage
journal, April 2011
- Sioshansi, Ramteen
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Value of storage technologies for wind and solar energy
journal, June 2016
- Braff, William A.; Mueller, Joshua M.; Trancik, Jessika E.
- Nature Climate Change, Vol. 6, Issue 10
Putting the "vap" into evaporation
journal, January 2007
- Shuttleworth, W. J.
- Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 11, Issue 1
Effects of Clouds, Soil Moisture, Precipitation, and Water Vapor on Diurnal Temperature Range
journal, August 1999
- Dai, Aiguo; Trenberth, Kevin E.; Karl, Thomas R.
- Journal of Climate, Vol. 12, Issue 8
Emergent relation between surface vapor conductance and relative humidity profiles yields evaporation rates from weather data
text, January 2013
- Salvucci, Guido D.; Gentine, Pierre
- Columbia University
Surface and atmospheric controls on the onset of moist convection over land
text, January 2013
- Gentine, Pierre; Holtslag, Albert A. M.; D’Andrea, Fabio
- Columbia University
Works referencing / citing this record:
The regional abundance and size distribution of lakes and reservoirs in the United States and implications for estimates of global lake extent
journal, March 2012
- McDonald, Cory P.; Rover, Jennifer A.; Stets, Edward G.
- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 57, Issue 2
Wind speed reductions by large-scale wind turbine deployments lower turbine efficiencies and set low generation limits
journal, November 2016
- Miller, Lee M.; Kleidon, Axel
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, Issue 48
Scaling up nanoscale water-driven energy conversion into evaporation-driven engines and generators
journal, June 2015
- Chen, Xi; Goodnight, Davis; Gao, Zhenghan
- Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Impact of urbanization and land-use change on climate
journal, May 2003
- Kalnay, Eugenia; Cai, Ming
- Nature, Vol. 423, Issue 6939
Understanding Decreases in Land Relative Humidity with Global Warming: Conceptual Model and GCM Simulations
journal, December 2016
- Byrne, Michael P.; O’Gorman, Paul A.
- Journal of Climate, Vol. 29, Issue 24
Impact of soil moisture‐climate feedbacks on CMIP5 projections: First results from the GLACE‐CMIP5 experiment
journal, October 2013
- Seneviratne, Sonia I.; Wilhelm, Micah; Stanelle, Tanja
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 40, Issue 19
Potential for natural evaporation as a reliable renewable energy resource
text, January 2017
- Cavusoglu, Ahmet-Hamdi; Chen, X.; Gentine, Pierre
- Columbia University
The contribution of reduction in evaporative cooling to higher surface air temperatures during drought: Drought and Temperature
journal, November 2014
- Yin, Dongqin; Roderick, Michael L.; Leech, Guy
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 41, Issue 22
Bio-Inspired Polymer Composite Actuator and Generator Driven by Water Gradients
journal, January 2013
- Ma, M.; Guo, L.; Anderson, D. G.
- Science, Vol. 339, Issue 6116
Importance of rain evaporation and continental convection in the tropical water cycle
journal, February 2007
- Worden, John; Noone, David; Bowman, Kevin
- Nature, Vol. 445, Issue 7127
Effects of Clouds, Soil Moisture, Precipitation, and Water Vapor on Diurnal Temperature Range
journal, August 1999
- Dai, Aiguo; Trenberth, Kevin E.; Karl, Thomas R.
- Journal of Climate, Vol. 12, Issue 8
Evaporation estimates using weather station data and boundary layer theory: EVAPORATION FROM WEATHER DATA
journal, November 2016
- Gentine, P.; Chhang, A.; Rigden, A.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 43, Issue 22
An autonomous actuator driven by fluctuations in ambient humidity
journal, July 2016
- Arazoe, Hiroki; Miyajima, Daigo; Akaike, Kouki
- Nature Materials, Vol. 15, Issue 10
Two methods for estimating limits to large-scale wind power generation
journal, August 2015
- Miller, Lee M.; Brunsell, Nathaniel A.; Mechem, David B.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 112, Issue 36
The Ratio of Heat Losses by Conduction and by Evaporation from any Water Surface
journal, June 1926
- Bowen, I. S.
- Physical Review, Vol. 27, Issue 6
Increasing the Value of Wind with Energy Storage
journal, April 2011
- Sioshansi, Ramteen
- The Energy Journal, Vol. 32, Issue 2
Putting the "vap" into evaporation
journal, January 2007
- Shuttleworth, W. J.
- Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 11, Issue 1
Satellite-based global-ocean mass balance estimates of interannual variability and emerging trends in continental freshwater discharge
journal, October 2010
- Syed, T. H.; Famiglietti, J. S.; Chambers, D. P.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 107, Issue 42
Steam generation under one sun enabled by a floating structure with thermal concentration
journal, August 2016
- Ni, George; Li, Gabriel; Boriskina, Svetlana V.
- Nature Energy, Vol. 1, Issue 9
The Interpretation of the Variations in Leaf Water Potential and Stomatal Conductance Found in Canopies in the Field
journal, February 1976
- Jarvis, P. G.
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, Vol. 273, Issue 927
Land–atmosphere feedbacks amplify aridity increase over land under global warming
journal, May 2016
- Berg, Alexis; Findell, Kirsten; Lintner, Benjamin
- Nature Climate Change, Vol. 6, Issue 9
Regional amplification of projected changes in extreme temperatures strongly controlled by soil moisture‐temperature feedbacks
journal, February 2017
- Vogel, M. M.; Orth, R.; Cheruy, F.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 44, Issue 3
Constrained work output of the moist atmospheric heat engine in a warming climate
journal, January 2015
- Laliberte, F.; Zika, J.; Mudryk, L.
- Science, Vol. 347, Issue 6221
Evidence for intensification of the global water cycle: Review and synthesis
journal, March 2006
- Huntington, Thomas G.
- Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 319, Issue 1-4
Water-evaporation-induced electricity with nanostructured carbon materials
journal, January 2017
- Xue, Guobin; Xu, Ying; Ding, Tianpeng
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 12, Issue 4
The transpiration of water at negative pressures in a synthetic tree
journal, September 2008
- Wheeler, Tobias D.; Stroock, Abraham D.
- Nature, Vol. 455, Issue 7210
El Niño–La Niña cycle and recent trends in continental evaporation
journal, December 2013
- Miralles, Diego G.; van den Berg, Martinus J.; Gash, John H.
- Nature Climate Change, Vol. 4, Issue 2
An update on Earth's energy balance in light of the latest global observations
journal, September 2012
- Stephens, Graeme L.; Li, Juilin; Wild, Martin
- Nature Geoscience, Vol. 5, Issue 10
Photogated humidity-driven motility
journal, June 2015
- Zhang, Lidong; Liang, Haoran; Jacob, Jolly
- Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Emergent relation between surface vapor conductance and relative humidity profiles yields evaporation rates from weather data
journal, April 2013
- Salvucci, G. D.; Gentine, P.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 110, Issue 16
Intermittency and the Value of Renewable Energy
journal, August 2016
- Gowrisankaran, Gautam; Reynolds, Stanley S.; Samano, Mario
- Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 124, Issue 4
On the role of soil moisture in daytime evolution of temperatures: ROLE OF SOIL MOISTURE IN DAYTIME TEMPERATURE EVOLUTION
journal, September 2012
- Lockart, Natalie; Kavetski, Dmitri; Franks, Stewart W.
- Hydrological Processes, Vol. 27, Issue 26
Code and Data for Potential for natural evaporation as reliable renewable energy resource
fileset, September 2017
- Cavusoglu, Ahmet-Hamdi; Chen, Xi; Gentine, Pierre
- figshare, 8 files
Value of storage technologies for wind and solar energy
journal, June 2016
- Braff, William A.; Mueller, Joshua M.; Trancik, Jessika E.
- Nature Climate Change, Vol. 6, Issue 10
A Parameterization of the Evaporation from Nonsaturated Surfaces
journal, January 1979
- Barton, I. J.
- Journal of Applied Meteorology, Vol. 18, Issue 1
Investigating soil moisture–climate interactions in a changing climate: A review
journal, May 2010
- Seneviratne, Sonia I.; Corti, Thierry; Davin, Edouard L.
- Earth-Science Reviews, Vol. 99, Issue 3-4
Development and validation of a global database of lakes, reservoirs and wetlands
journal, August 2004
- Lehner, Bernhard; Döll, Petra
- Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 296, Issue 1-4
Thermal structure of lakes varying in size and water clarity
journal, June 1994
- Mazumder, Asit; Taylor, William D.
- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 39, Issue 4
Atmospheric Moisture Recycling: Role of Advection and Local Evaporation
journal, May 1999
- Trenberth, Kevin E.
- Journal of Climate, Vol. 12, Issue 5
The global energy balance from a surface perspective
journal, November 2012
- Wild, Martin; Folini, Doris; Schär, Christoph
- Climate Dynamics, Vol. 40, Issue 11-12
Land-Surface-Atmosphere Coupling in Observations and Models: LAND-SURFACE-ATMOSPHERE COUPLING
journal, March 2009
- Betts, Alan K.
- Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 1, Issue 3
Earth's Global Energy Budget
journal, March 2009
- Trenberth, Kevin E.; Fasullo, John T.; Kiehl, Jeffrey
- Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 90, Issue 3
The global abundance and size distribution of lakes, ponds, and impoundments
journal, September 2006
- Downing, J. A.; Prairie, Y. T.; Cole, J. J.
- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 51, Issue 5
High-resolution mapping of global surface water and its long-term changes
journal, December 2016
- Pekel, Jean-François; Cottam, Andrew; Gorelick, Noel
- Nature, Vol. 540, Issue 7633
Bacillus spores as building blocks for stimuli-responsive materials and nanogenerators
journal, January 2014
- Chen, Xi; Mahadevan, L.; Driks, Adam
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 9, Issue 2
Surface and Atmospheric Controls on the Onset of Moist Convection over Land
journal, October 2013
- Gentine, Pierre; Holtslag, Albert A. M.; D'Andrea, Fabio
- Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 14, Issue 5
Bio-inspired, Moisture-Powered Hybrid Carbon Nanotube Yarn Muscles
journal, March 2016
- Kim, Shi Hyeong; Kwon, Cheong Hoon; Park, Karam
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Influence of Soil Moisture on Boundary Layer Cloud Development
journal, February 2004
- Ek, M. B.; Holtslag, A. A. M.
- Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 5, Issue 1
The impact of global land-cover change on the terrestrial water cycle
journal, October 2012
- Sterling, Shannon M.; Ducharne, Agnès; Polcher, Jan
- Nature Climate Change, Vol. 3, Issue 4
Emerging hydrovoltaic technology
journal, December 2018
- Zhang, Zhuhua; Li, Xuemei; Yin, Jun
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 13, Issue 12
A Janus evaporator with low tortuosity for long-term solar desalination
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- Zhang, Zhuhua; Li, Xuemei; Yin, Jun
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A Janus evaporator with low tortuosity for long-term solar desalination
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- Hu, Rong; Zhang, Junqi; Kuang, Yudi
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Figures / Tables found in this record:
Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.