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Title: Clocking Femtosecond Collisional Dynamics via Resonant X-Ray Spectroscopy

Abstract

Electron-ion collisional dynamics is of fundamental importance in determining plasma transport properties, nonequilibrium plasma evolution, and electron damage in diffraction imaging applications using bright x-ray free-electron lasers (FELs). Here in this paper, we describe the first experimental measurements of ultrafast electron impact collisional ionization dynamics using resonant core-hole spectroscopy in a solid-density magnesium plasma, created and diagnosed with the Linac Coherent Light Source x-ray FEL. By resonantly pumping the 1s → 2p transition in highly charged ions within an optically thin plasma, we have measured how off-resonance charge states are populated via collisional processes on femtosecond time scales. We present a collisional cross section model that matches our results and demonstrates how the cross sections are enhanced by dense-plasma effects including continuum lowering. Nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium collisional radiative simulations show excellent agreement with the experimental results and provide new insight on collisional ionization and three-body-recombination processes in the dense-plasma regime.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [1];  [6];  [7];  [1];  [3];  [6];  [8];  [6];  [1];  [2];  [4];  [9];  [1];  [2];  [1]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom). Clarendon Lab., Dept. of Physics
  2. Univ. Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid (Spain). Inst. de Fusion Nuclear
  3. Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR), Prague (Czech Republic). Inst. of Physics; Inst. of Plasma Physics CAS, Prague (Czech Republic)
  4. Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR), Prague (Czech Republic). Inst. of Physics
  5. Intl Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna (Austria). Atomic and Molecular Data Unit, Nuclear Data Section
  6. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
  7. Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR), Prague (Czech Republic)
  8. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics
  9. European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL), Hamburg (Germany)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1424721
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1419118
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-76SF00515; EP/P015794/1; EP/L000849/1; 665207; 17-05167S; 17-05076S; LG15013; Z.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001552
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physical Review Letters
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 120; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY

Citation Formats

van den Berg, Q. Y., Fernandez-Tello, E. V., Burian, T., Chalupský, J., Chung, H. -K, Ciricosta, O., Dakovski, G. L., Hájková, V., Hollebon, P., Juha, L., Krzywinski, J., Lee, R. W., Minitti, M. P., Preston, T. R., de la Varga, A. G., Vozda, V., Zastrau, U., Wark, J. S., Velarde, P., and Vinko, S. M. Clocking Femtosecond Collisional Dynamics via Resonant X-Ray Spectroscopy. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.120.055002.
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van den Berg, Q. Y., Fernandez-Tello, E. V., Burian, T., Chalupský, J., Chung, H. -K, Ciricosta, O., Dakovski, G. L., Hájková, V., Hollebon, P., Juha, L., Krzywinski, J., Lee, R. W., Minitti, M. P., Preston, T. R., de la Varga, A. G., Vozda, V., Zastrau, U., Wark, J. S., Velarde, P., & Vinko, S. M. Clocking Femtosecond Collisional Dynamics via Resonant X-Ray Spectroscopy. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.120.055002
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van den Berg, Q. Y., Fernandez-Tello, E. V., Burian, T., Chalupský, J., Chung, H. -K, Ciricosta, O., Dakovski, G. L., Hájková, V., Hollebon, P., Juha, L., Krzywinski, J., Lee, R. W., Minitti, M. P., Preston, T. R., de la Varga, A. G., Vozda, V., Zastrau, U., Wark, J. S., Velarde, P., and Vinko, S. M. Thu . "Clocking Femtosecond Collisional Dynamics via Resonant X-Ray Spectroscopy". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.120.055002. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1424721.
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@article{osti_1424721,
title = {Clocking Femtosecond Collisional Dynamics via Resonant X-Ray Spectroscopy},
author = {van den Berg, Q. Y. and Fernandez-Tello, E. V. and Burian, T. and Chalupský, J. and Chung, H. -K and Ciricosta, O. and Dakovski, G. L. and Hájková, V. and Hollebon, P. and Juha, L. and Krzywinski, J. and Lee, R. W. and Minitti, M. P. and Preston, T. R. and de la Varga, A. G. and Vozda, V. and Zastrau, U. and Wark, J. S. and Velarde, P. and Vinko, S. M.},
abstractNote = {Electron-ion collisional dynamics is of fundamental importance in determining plasma transport properties, nonequilibrium plasma evolution, and electron damage in diffraction imaging applications using bright x-ray free-electron lasers (FELs). Here in this paper, we describe the first experimental measurements of ultrafast electron impact collisional ionization dynamics using resonant core-hole spectroscopy in a solid-density magnesium plasma, created and diagnosed with the Linac Coherent Light Source x-ray FEL. By resonantly pumping the 1s → 2p transition in highly charged ions within an optically thin plasma, we have measured how off-resonance charge states are populated via collisional processes on femtosecond time scales. We present a collisional cross section model that matches our results and demonstrates how the cross sections are enhanced by dense-plasma effects including continuum lowering. Nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium collisional radiative simulations show excellent agreement with the experimental results and provide new insight on collisional ionization and three-body-recombination processes in the dense-plasma regime.},
doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.120.055002},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
number = 5,
volume = 120,
place = {United States},
year = {2018},
month = {2}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.120.055002
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Figures / Tables:

FIG. 1 FIG. 1: Experimental setup: A (54 ± 2)-nm-thick Mg foil is irradiated by the focused x-ray pulse. The x-ray wavelength is tuned to the bound-bound resonance in a 7+ Mg ion, resonantly driving a 1s → 2p transition creating a core-hole excited state. The excited state can then decay throughmore » Auger recombination or Kα emission.« less
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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Transient space localization of electrons ejected from continuum atomic processes in hot dense plasma
    journal, December 2018

    Various damage mechanisms in carbon and silicon materials under femtosecond X-ray irradiation
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    • Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
    • DOI: 10.3204/pubdb-2018-03176
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