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Title: Partitioning assimilatory nitrogen uptake in streams: an analysis of stable isotope tracer additions across continents

Abstract

Headwater streams remove, transform, and store inorganic nitrogen (N) delivered from surrounding watersheds, but excessive N inputs from human activity can saturate removal capacity. Most research has focused on quantifying N removal from the water column over short periods and in individual reaches, and these ecosystem-scale measurements suggest that assimilatory N uptake accounts for most N removal. However, cross-system comparisons addressing the relative role of particular biota responsible for incorporating inorganic N into biomass are lacking. In this paper, we assess the importance of different primary uptake compartments on reach-scale ammonium (NH4+-N) uptake and storage across a wide range of streams varying in abundance of biota and local environmental factors. We analyzed data from 17 15N-NH4+ tracer addition experiments globally, and found that assimilatory N uptake by autotrophic compartments (i.e., epilithic biofilm, filamentous algae, bryophytes/macrophytes) was higher but more variable than for heterotrophic microorganisms colonizing detrital organic matter (i.e., leaves, small wood, and fine particles). Autotrophic compartments played a disproportionate role in N uptake relative to their biomass, although uptake rates were similar when we rescaled heterotrophic assimilatory N uptake associated only with live microbial biomass. Assimilatory NH4+-N uptake, either estimated as removal from the water column or from themore » sum uptake of all individual compartments, was four times higher in open- than in closed-canopy streams. Using Bayesian Model Averaging, we found that canopy cover and gross primary production (GPP) controlled autotrophic assimilatory N uptake while ecosystem respiration (ER) was more important for the heterotrophic contribution. The ratio of autotrophic to heterotrophic N storage was positively correlated with metabolism (GPP: ER), which was also higher in open- than in closed-canopy streams. Our analysis shows riparian canopy cover influences the relative abundance of different biotic uptake compartments and thus GPP:ER. As such, the simple categorical variable of canopy cover explained differences in assimilatory N uptake among streams at the reach scale, as well as the relative roles of autotrophs and heterotrophs in N storage. In conclusion, this synthesis links cumulative N uptake by stream biota to reach-scale N demand and provides a mechanistic and predictive framework for estimating and modeling N cycling in other streams.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [8];  [9];  [10];  [11];  [12];  [13];  [14];  [15];  [16];  [17];  [18];  [5];  [19] more »;  [20];  [21] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States). Dept. of Biological Sciences
  2. Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC) (Spain). Integrative Freshwater Ecology Group
  3. Aarhus Univ. (Denmark). Dept. of Bioscience
  4. Univ. of the Basque Country, Bilbao (Spain). Faculty of Science and Technology
  5. Cary Inst. of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY (United States)
  6. Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS (United States). Division of Biology
  7. Southern Illinois Univ., Carbondale, IL (United States). Dept. of Zoology. Center for Ecology
  8. Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR (United States). Dept. of Fisheries & Wildlife
  9. Univ. of Vermont, Burlington, VT (United States). Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources
  10. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Center for Limnology
  11. Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States). Dept. of Biology
  12. Florida International Univ., Miami, FL (United States). Dept. of Biology. Southeast Environmental Research Center
  13. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Climate Change Science Inst. Environmental Sciences Division
  14. Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States). School of Life Sciences
  15. Michigan State Univ., Hickory Corners, MI (United States). W. K. Kellogg Biological Station
  16. USDA Forest Service, Corvallis, OR (United States). Pacific Northwest Research Station
  17. Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH (United States). Natural Resources and the Environment
  18. Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). Dept. of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics
  19. Univ. of Auckland (New Zealand). School of Environment
  20. Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (United States). School of Natural Resources
  21. Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States). Dept. of Biological Sciences
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States); Aarhus Univ. (Denmark)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Science Foundation (NSF); Carlsberg Foundation (Denmark)
OSTI Identifier:
1423021
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-00OR22725; DEB 1052399; 2013-01-0258
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Ecological Monographs
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 88; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0012-9615
Publisher:
Wiley
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; ammonium; assimilation; 15N; nitrogen; riparian canopy cover; stable isotopes; storage; stream; uptake

Citation Formats

Tank, J. L., Martí, E., Riis, T., von Schiller, D., Reisinger, A. J., Dodds, W. K., Whiles, M. R., Ashkenas, L. R., Bowden, W. B., Collins, S. M., Crenshaw, C. L., Crowl, T. A., Griffiths, N. A., Grimm, N. B., Hamilton, S. K., Johnson, S. L., McDowell, W. H., Norman, B. M., Rosi, E. J., Simon, K. S., Thomas, S. A., and Webster, J. R. Partitioning assimilatory nitrogen uptake in streams: an analysis of stable isotope tracer additions across continents. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1002/ecm.1280.
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Tank, J. L., Martí, E., Riis, T., von Schiller, D., Reisinger, A. J., Dodds, W. K., Whiles, M. R., Ashkenas, L. R., Bowden, W. B., Collins, S. M., Crenshaw, C. L., Crowl, T. A., Griffiths, N. A., Grimm, N. B., Hamilton, S. K., Johnson, S. L., McDowell, W. H., Norman, B. M., Rosi, E. J., Simon, K. S., Thomas, S. A., & Webster, J. R. Partitioning assimilatory nitrogen uptake in streams: an analysis of stable isotope tracer additions across continents. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1280
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Tank, J. L., Martí, E., Riis, T., von Schiller, D., Reisinger, A. J., Dodds, W. K., Whiles, M. R., Ashkenas, L. R., Bowden, W. B., Collins, S. M., Crenshaw, C. L., Crowl, T. A., Griffiths, N. A., Grimm, N. B., Hamilton, S. K., Johnson, S. L., McDowell, W. H., Norman, B. M., Rosi, E. J., Simon, K. S., Thomas, S. A., and Webster, J. R. Fri . "Partitioning assimilatory nitrogen uptake in streams: an analysis of stable isotope tracer additions across continents". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1280. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1423021.
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@article{osti_1423021,
title = {Partitioning assimilatory nitrogen uptake in streams: an analysis of stable isotope tracer additions across continents},
author = {Tank, J. L. and Martí, E. and Riis, T. and von Schiller, D. and Reisinger, A. J. and Dodds, W. K. and Whiles, M. R. and Ashkenas, L. R. and Bowden, W. B. and Collins, S. M. and Crenshaw, C. L. and Crowl, T. A. and Griffiths, N. A. and Grimm, N. B. and Hamilton, S. K. and Johnson, S. L. and McDowell, W. H. and Norman, B. M. and Rosi, E. J. and Simon, K. S. and Thomas, S. A. and Webster, J. R.},
abstractNote = {Headwater streams remove, transform, and store inorganic nitrogen (N) delivered from surrounding watersheds, but excessive N inputs from human activity can saturate removal capacity. Most research has focused on quantifying N removal from the water column over short periods and in individual reaches, and these ecosystem-scale measurements suggest that assimilatory N uptake accounts for most N removal. However, cross-system comparisons addressing the relative role of particular biota responsible for incorporating inorganic N into biomass are lacking. In this paper, we assess the importance of different primary uptake compartments on reach-scale ammonium (NH4+-N) uptake and storage across a wide range of streams varying in abundance of biota and local environmental factors. We analyzed data from 17 15N-NH4+ tracer addition experiments globally, and found that assimilatory N uptake by autotrophic compartments (i.e., epilithic biofilm, filamentous algae, bryophytes/macrophytes) was higher but more variable than for heterotrophic microorganisms colonizing detrital organic matter (i.e., leaves, small wood, and fine particles). Autotrophic compartments played a disproportionate role in N uptake relative to their biomass, although uptake rates were similar when we rescaled heterotrophic assimilatory N uptake associated only with live microbial biomass. Assimilatory NH4+-N uptake, either estimated as removal from the water column or from the sum uptake of all individual compartments, was four times higher in open- than in closed-canopy streams. Using Bayesian Model Averaging, we found that canopy cover and gross primary production (GPP) controlled autotrophic assimilatory N uptake while ecosystem respiration (ER) was more important for the heterotrophic contribution. The ratio of autotrophic to heterotrophic N storage was positively correlated with metabolism (GPP: ER), which was also higher in open- than in closed-canopy streams. Our analysis shows riparian canopy cover influences the relative abundance of different biotic uptake compartments and thus GPP:ER. As such, the simple categorical variable of canopy cover explained differences in assimilatory N uptake among streams at the reach scale, as well as the relative roles of autotrophs and heterotrophs in N storage. In conclusion, this synthesis links cumulative N uptake by stream biota to reach-scale N demand and provides a mechanistic and predictive framework for estimating and modeling N cycling in other streams.},
doi = {10.1002/ecm.1280},
journal = {Ecological Monographs},
number = 1,
volume = 88,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Sep 22 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Fri Sep 22 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1280
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Figures / Tables:

Table 1 Table 1: Site description including stream name, location (dd = decimal degrees), biogeoclimatic region, and canopy cover for the 17 different 15N-NH4 Stream ID tracer addition experiments used in this analysis. Based on the distribution of canopy cover data, we grouped streams as closed canopy = streams with >60% canopymore » cover and open canopy = streams with <10% canopy cover. Where available, we include references for previously published data.« less
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