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Title: Recovery of Fuel-Precursor Lipids from Oleaginous Yeast

Abstract

Bio-derived lipids offer a potentially promising intermediate to displace petroleum-derived diesel. One of the key challenges for the production of lipids via microbial cell mass is that these products are stored intracellularly and must be extracted and recovered efficiently and economically. Thus, improved methods of cell lysis and lipid extraction are needed. In this study, we examine lipid extraction from wet oleaginous yeast in combination with seven different cell lysis approaches encompassing both physical and chemical techniques (high-pressure homogenization, microwave and conventional thermal treatments, bead beating, acid, base, and enzymatic treatments) to facilitate lipid extraction from a model oleaginous yeast strain, Lipomyces starkeyi. Of the seven techniques investigated, acid treatment led to the highest lipid recovery yields. Further exploration of acid treatment and integration with an economic model revealed that treatment at 170 degrees C for 60 min at 1 wt% H2SO4 and 8 wt% yeast solids represents a viable option for both lipid recovery yield and process economics, enabling experimental lipid recovery yields of 88.5-93.0% to be achieved at a corresponding estimated minimum fuel selling price (MFSP) of $5.13-$5.61/gallon of gasoline equivalent (GGE). The same acid treatment conditions applied to two other strains of oleaginous yeast (Cutaneotrichosporon curvatus andmore » Rhodotorula toruloides) resulted in similar lipid recovery yields. In pretreatment experiments scaled up to 300 mL, slightly lower temperatures or shorter pretreatment times, along with higher yeast solids loading, resulted in higher lipid yields than the conditions identified from the small-scale runs. Two replicate runs carried out at 170 degrees C for 30 min using 1 wt% H2SO4 and 19 wt% yeast solids achieved an average lipid recovery of 96.1% at a corresponding estimated MFSP of $4.89/GGE. In all cases, the lipids are primarily triglycerides and free fatty acids comprised mainly of palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids, with smaller fractions of polar lipids. The fatty acid composition of the lipids extracted from the wet treated cell mass is the same as that in freeze-dried whole oleaginous yeast cell mass, suggesting the acid treatment renders all lipids extractable. This work demonstrates that acid treatment is a robust and effective cell lysis technique in a microbial lipid-based biofuel scenario and provides a baseline for further scale-up and process integration.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1]
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  1. National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Sustainable Transportation Office. Bioenergy Technologies Office
OSTI Identifier:
1422871
Report Number(s):
NREL/JA-5100-70832
Journal ID: ISSN 2168-0485
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC36-08GO28308
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 6; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 2168-0485
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
09 BIOMASS FUELS; acid pretreatment; cell lysis; lipid extraction; oleaginous yeast; single-cell oil

Citation Formats

Kruger, Jacob S., Cleveland, Nicholas S., Yeap, Rou Yi, Dong, Tao, Ramirez, Kelsey J., Nagle, Nicholas J., Lowell, Andrew C., Beckham, Gregg T., McMillan, James D., and Biddy, Mary J.. Recovery of Fuel-Precursor Lipids from Oleaginous Yeast. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b01874.
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Kruger, Jacob S., Cleveland, Nicholas S., Yeap, Rou Yi, Dong, Tao, Ramirez, Kelsey J., Nagle, Nicholas J., Lowell, Andrew C., Beckham, Gregg T., McMillan, James D., & Biddy, Mary J.. Recovery of Fuel-Precursor Lipids from Oleaginous Yeast. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b01874
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Kruger, Jacob S., Cleveland, Nicholas S., Yeap, Rou Yi, Dong, Tao, Ramirez, Kelsey J., Nagle, Nicholas J., Lowell, Andrew C., Beckham, Gregg T., McMillan, James D., and Biddy, Mary J.. Wed . "Recovery of Fuel-Precursor Lipids from Oleaginous Yeast". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b01874. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1422871.
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@article{osti_1422871,
title = {Recovery of Fuel-Precursor Lipids from Oleaginous Yeast},
author = {Kruger, Jacob S. and Cleveland, Nicholas S. and Yeap, Rou Yi and Dong, Tao and Ramirez, Kelsey J. and Nagle, Nicholas J. and Lowell, Andrew C. and Beckham, Gregg T. and McMillan, James D. and Biddy, Mary J.},
abstractNote = {Bio-derived lipids offer a potentially promising intermediate to displace petroleum-derived diesel. One of the key challenges for the production of lipids via microbial cell mass is that these products are stored intracellularly and must be extracted and recovered efficiently and economically. Thus, improved methods of cell lysis and lipid extraction are needed. In this study, we examine lipid extraction from wet oleaginous yeast in combination with seven different cell lysis approaches encompassing both physical and chemical techniques (high-pressure homogenization, microwave and conventional thermal treatments, bead beating, acid, base, and enzymatic treatments) to facilitate lipid extraction from a model oleaginous yeast strain, Lipomyces starkeyi. Of the seven techniques investigated, acid treatment led to the highest lipid recovery yields. Further exploration of acid treatment and integration with an economic model revealed that treatment at 170 degrees C for 60 min at 1 wt% H2SO4 and 8 wt% yeast solids represents a viable option for both lipid recovery yield and process economics, enabling experimental lipid recovery yields of 88.5-93.0% to be achieved at a corresponding estimated minimum fuel selling price (MFSP) of $5.13-$5.61/gallon of gasoline equivalent (GGE). The same acid treatment conditions applied to two other strains of oleaginous yeast (Cutaneotrichosporon curvatus and Rhodotorula toruloides) resulted in similar lipid recovery yields. In pretreatment experiments scaled up to 300 mL, slightly lower temperatures or shorter pretreatment times, along with higher yeast solids loading, resulted in higher lipid yields than the conditions identified from the small-scale runs. Two replicate runs carried out at 170 degrees C for 30 min using 1 wt% H2SO4 and 19 wt% yeast solids achieved an average lipid recovery of 96.1% at a corresponding estimated MFSP of $4.89/GGE. In all cases, the lipids are primarily triglycerides and free fatty acids comprised mainly of palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids, with smaller fractions of polar lipids. The fatty acid composition of the lipids extracted from the wet treated cell mass is the same as that in freeze-dried whole oleaginous yeast cell mass, suggesting the acid treatment renders all lipids extractable. This work demonstrates that acid treatment is a robust and effective cell lysis technique in a microbial lipid-based biofuel scenario and provides a baseline for further scale-up and process integration.},
doi = {10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b01874},
journal = {ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering},
number = 3,
volume = 6,
place = {United States},
year = {2018},
month = {1}
}
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Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b01874
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Cited by: 18 works
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Figures / Tables:

Table 1 Table 1: Conditions of High-Pressure Homogenizer Runs
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Works referenced in this record:

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Microbial lipid-based lignocellulosic biorefinery: feasibility and challenges
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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Integrated diesel production from lignocellulosic sugars via oleaginous yeast
    journal, January 2018

    • Sànchez i. Nogué, Violeta; Black, Brenna A.; Kruger, Jacob S.
    • Green Chemistry, Vol. 20, Issue 18
    • DOI: 10.1039/c8gc01905c

    Simultaneous lipid biosynthesis and recovery for oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica
    journal, October 2019

    • Pawar, Pratik Prashant; Odaneth, Annamma Anil; Vadgama, Rajeshkumar Natwarlal
    • Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 12, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1576-7
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      Figures / Tables found in this record:

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      Figure 1 (p. 5)figure
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      Figure 2 (p. 7)figure
      Table 4 (p. 7)table
      Figure 3 (p. 8)figure
      Figure 4 (p. 8)figure
      Table 5 (p. 8)table
      Table 6 (p. 8)table
      Figure 5 (p. 9)figure
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