Grazing alters net ecosystem C fluxes and the global warming potential of a subtropical pasture
Abstract
Abstract The impact of grazing on C fluxes from pastures in subtropical and tropical regions and on the environment is uncertain, although these systems account for a substantial portion of global C storage. We investigated how cattle grazing influences net ecosystem CO 2 and CH 4 exchange in subtropical pastures using the eddy covariance technique. Measurements were made over several wet‐dry seasonal cycles in a grazed pasture, and in an adjacent pasture during the first three years of grazer exclusion. Grazing increased soil wetness but did not affect soil temperature. By removing aboveground biomass, grazing decreased ecosystem respiration ( R eco ) and gross primary productivity ( GPP ). As the decrease in R eco was larger than the reduction in GPP , grazing consistently increased the net CO 2 sink strength of subtropical pastures (55, 219 and 187 more C/m 2 in 2013, 2014, and 2015). Enteric ruminant fermentation and increased soil wetness due to grazers, increased total net ecosystem CH 4 emissions in grazed relative to ungrazed pasture (27–80%). Unlike temperate, arid, and semiarid pastures, where differences in CH 4 emissions between grazed and ungrazed pastures are mainly driven by enteric ruminant fermentation, our results showed that themore »
- Authors:
-
- Department of Plant Biology University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA, Institute of Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA, Energy Biosciences Institute University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit Agricultural Research Service USDA Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
- Energy Biosciences Institute University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA, Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit Agricultural Research Service USDA Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
- MacArthur Agro‐Ecology Research Center Lake Placid Florida 33852 USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
- Publication Date:
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1422847
- Grant/Contract Number:
- DE‐FG36‐08GO88073
- Resource Type:
- Publisher's Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Ecological Applications
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Ecological Applications Journal Volume: 28 Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1051-0761
- Publisher:
- Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Citation Formats
Gomez‐Casanovas, Nuria, DeLucia, Nicholas J., Bernacchi, Carl J., Boughton, Elizabeth H., Sparks, Jed P., Chamberlain, Samuel D., and DeLucia, Evan H.. Grazing alters net ecosystem C fluxes and the global warming potential of a subtropical pasture. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1002/eap.1670.
Gomez‐Casanovas, Nuria, DeLucia, Nicholas J., Bernacchi, Carl J., Boughton, Elizabeth H., Sparks, Jed P., Chamberlain, Samuel D., & DeLucia, Evan H.. Grazing alters net ecosystem C fluxes and the global warming potential of a subtropical pasture. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1670
Gomez‐Casanovas, Nuria, DeLucia, Nicholas J., Bernacchi, Carl J., Boughton, Elizabeth H., Sparks, Jed P., Chamberlain, Samuel D., and DeLucia, Evan H.. Tue .
"Grazing alters net ecosystem C fluxes and the global warming potential of a subtropical pasture". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1670.
@article{osti_1422847,
title = {Grazing alters net ecosystem C fluxes and the global warming potential of a subtropical pasture},
author = {Gomez‐Casanovas, Nuria and DeLucia, Nicholas J. and Bernacchi, Carl J. and Boughton, Elizabeth H. and Sparks, Jed P. and Chamberlain, Samuel D. and DeLucia, Evan H.},
abstractNote = {Abstract The impact of grazing on C fluxes from pastures in subtropical and tropical regions and on the environment is uncertain, although these systems account for a substantial portion of global C storage. We investigated how cattle grazing influences net ecosystem CO 2 and CH 4 exchange in subtropical pastures using the eddy covariance technique. Measurements were made over several wet‐dry seasonal cycles in a grazed pasture, and in an adjacent pasture during the first three years of grazer exclusion. Grazing increased soil wetness but did not affect soil temperature. By removing aboveground biomass, grazing decreased ecosystem respiration ( R eco ) and gross primary productivity ( GPP ). As the decrease in R eco was larger than the reduction in GPP , grazing consistently increased the net CO 2 sink strength of subtropical pastures (55, 219 and 187 more C/m 2 in 2013, 2014, and 2015). Enteric ruminant fermentation and increased soil wetness due to grazers, increased total net ecosystem CH 4 emissions in grazed relative to ungrazed pasture (27–80%). Unlike temperate, arid, and semiarid pastures, where differences in CH 4 emissions between grazed and ungrazed pastures are mainly driven by enteric ruminant fermentation, our results showed that the effect of grazing on soil CH 4 emissions can be greater than CH 4 produced by cattle. Thus, our results suggest that the interactions between grazers and soil hydrology affecting soil CH 4 emissions play an important role in determining the environmental impacts of this management practice in a subtropical pasture. Although grazing increased total net ecosystem CH 4 emissions and removed aboveground biomass, it increased the net storage of C and decreased the global warming potential associated with C fluxes of pasture by increasing its net CO 2 sink strength.},
doi = {10.1002/eap.1670},
journal = {Ecological Applications},
number = 2,
volume = 28,
place = {United States},
year = {2018},
month = {2}
}
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