Search Menu
DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Search Scholarly Publications

Title: Unimolecular Reaction Pathways of a γ-Ketohydroperoxide from Combined Application of Automated Reaction Discovery Methods

Abstract

Ketohydroperoxides are important in liquid-phase autoxidation and in gas-phase partial oxidation and pre-ignition chemistry, but because of their low concentration, instability, and various analytical chemistry limitations, it has been challenging to experimentally determine their reactivity, and only a few pathways are known. In the present work, 75 elementary-step unimolecular reactions of the simplest γ-ketohydroperoxide, 3-hydroperoxypropanal, were discovered by a combination of density functional theory with several automated transition-state search algorithms: the Berny algorithm coupled with the freezing string method, single- and double-ended growing string methods, the heuristic KinBot algorithm, and the single-component artificial force induced reaction method (SC-AFIR). The present joint approach significantly outperforms previous manual and automated transition-state searches – 68 of the reactions of γ-ketohydroperoxide discovered here were previously unknown and completely unexpected. All of the methods found the lowest-energy transition state, which corresponds to the first step of the Korcek mechanism, but each algorithm except for SC-AFIR detected several reactions not found by any of the other methods. We show that the low-barrier chemical reactions involve promising new chemistry that may be relevant in atmospheric and combustion systems. Our study highlights the complexity of chemical space exploration and the advantage of combined application of several approaches. Altogether,more » the present work demonstrates both the power and the weaknesses of existing fully automated approaches for reaction discovery which suggest possible directions for further method development and assessment in order to enable reliable discovery of all important reactions of any specified reactant(s).« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
  2. Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)
  3. Cyprus Inst., Nicosia (Cyprus)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States); Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1473944
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1421464
Report Number(s):
SAND-2018-9927J
Journal ID: ISSN 0002-7863; 667762
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC04-94AL85000; AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Journal of the American Chemical Society
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 140; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 0002-7863
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

Citation Formats

Grambow, Colin A., Jamal, Adeel, Li, Yi-Pei, Green, William H., Zádor, Judit, and Suleimanov, Yury V. Unimolecular Reaction Pathways of a γ-Ketohydroperoxide from Combined Application of Automated Reaction Discovery Methods. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1021/jacs.7b11009.
Copy to clipboard
Grambow, Colin A., Jamal, Adeel, Li, Yi-Pei, Green, William H., Zádor, Judit, & Suleimanov, Yury V. Unimolecular Reaction Pathways of a γ-Ketohydroperoxide from Combined Application of Automated Reaction Discovery Methods. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b11009
Copy to clipboard
Grambow, Colin A., Jamal, Adeel, Li, Yi-Pei, Green, William H., Zádor, Judit, and Suleimanov, Yury V. Fri . "Unimolecular Reaction Pathways of a γ-Ketohydroperoxide from Combined Application of Automated Reaction Discovery Methods". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b11009. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1473944.
Copy to clipboard
@article{osti_1473944,
title = {Unimolecular Reaction Pathways of a γ-Ketohydroperoxide from Combined Application of Automated Reaction Discovery Methods},
author = {Grambow, Colin A. and Jamal, Adeel and Li, Yi-Pei and Green, William H. and Zádor, Judit and Suleimanov, Yury V.},
abstractNote = {Ketohydroperoxides are important in liquid-phase autoxidation and in gas-phase partial oxidation and pre-ignition chemistry, but because of their low concentration, instability, and various analytical chemistry limitations, it has been challenging to experimentally determine their reactivity, and only a few pathways are known. In the present work, 75 elementary-step unimolecular reactions of the simplest γ-ketohydroperoxide, 3-hydroperoxypropanal, were discovered by a combination of density functional theory with several automated transition-state search algorithms: the Berny algorithm coupled with the freezing string method, single- and double-ended growing string methods, the heuristic KinBot algorithm, and the single-component artificial force induced reaction method (SC-AFIR). The present joint approach significantly outperforms previous manual and automated transition-state searches – 68 of the reactions of γ-ketohydroperoxide discovered here were previously unknown and completely unexpected. All of the methods found the lowest-energy transition state, which corresponds to the first step of the Korcek mechanism, but each algorithm except for SC-AFIR detected several reactions not found by any of the other methods. We show that the low-barrier chemical reactions involve promising new chemistry that may be relevant in atmospheric and combustion systems. Our study highlights the complexity of chemical space exploration and the advantage of combined application of several approaches. Altogether, the present work demonstrates both the power and the weaknesses of existing fully automated approaches for reaction discovery which suggest possible directions for further method development and assessment in order to enable reliable discovery of all important reactions of any specified reactant(s).},
doi = {10.1021/jacs.7b11009},
journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
number = 3,
volume = 140,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Dec 22 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Fri Dec 22 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}
Copy to clipboard
Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b11009
Copyright Statement
Other availability
Search WorldCat Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 60 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Figures / Tables:

Figure 1 Figure 1: The schematics of the reactions invoked by KinBot automatically for KHP. The exact bond lengths, angles, and dihedrals depend on the type of the atoms in the active center and the length of the chain between A and C.
All figures and tables (7 total)
Save / Share:
Export Metadata
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.

Works referenced in this record:

Ab Initio Reactive Computer Aided Molecular Design
journal, March 2017

Finding reaction mechanisms, intuitive or otherwise
journal, January 2017

  • Dewyer, Amanda L.; Zimmerman, Paul M.
  • Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, Vol. 15, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1039/C6OB02183B

From theoretical reaction dynamics to chemical modeling of combustion
journal, January 2017

Unraveling Reaction Pathways and Specifying Reaction Kinetics for Complex Systems
journal, July 2012

Heterogeneous Catalysis
journal, February 2015

A Holy Grail in Chemistry: Computational Catalyst Design: Feasible or Fiction?
journal, March 2017

Catalysts by Design: The Power of Theory
journal, March 2017

Theoretical Chemical Kinetics in Tropospheric Chemistry: Methodologies and Applications
journal, February 2015

  • Vereecken, Luc; Glowacki, David R.; Pilling, Michael J.
  • Chemical Reviews, Vol. 115, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1021/cr500488p

Challenges and opportunities for molecule-based management of chemical processes
journal, August 2016

  • Van de Vijver, Ruben; Devocht, Brigitte R.; Van Geem, Kevin M.
  • Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering, Vol. 13
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2016.09.006

New Pathways for Formation of Acids and Carbonyl Products in Low-Temperature Oxidation: The Korcek Decomposition of γ-Ketohydroperoxides
journal, July 2013

  • Jalan, Amrit; Alecu, Ionut M.; Meana-Pañeda, Rubén
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 135, Issue 30
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja4034439

Unconventional Peroxy Chemistry in Alcohol Oxidation: The Water Elimination Pathway
journal, January 2013

  • Welz, Oliver; Klippenstein, Stephen J.; Harding, Lawrence B.
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1021/jz302004w

Aspects of the reaction mechanism of ethane combustion. Conformations of the ethylperoxy radical
journal, October 1992

  • Quelch, Geoffrey E.; Gallo, Mary M.; Schaefer, Henry F.
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 114, Issue 21
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja00047a039

Iron(III)-catalysed carbonyl–olefin metathesis
journal, April 2016

  • Ludwig, Jacob R.; Zimmerman, Paul M.; Gianino, Joseph B.
  • Nature, Vol. 533, Issue 7603
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature17432

Studies of the Mechanism and Origins of Enantioselectivity for the Chiral Phosphoric Acid-Catalyzed Stereoselective Spiroketalization Reactions
journal, December 2015

  • Khomutnyk, Yaroslav Ya.; Argüelles, Alonso J.; Winschel, Grace A.
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 138, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12528

Mindless Chemistry
journal, April 2006

  • Bera, Partha P.; Sattelmeyer, Kurt W.; Saunders, Martin
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 110, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.1021/jp057107z

Automated Discovery of Elementary Chemical Reaction Steps Using Freezing String and Berny Optimization Methods
journal, August 2015

  • Suleimanov, Yury V.; Green, William H.
  • Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation, Vol. 11, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00407

Multipath Variational Transition State Theory: Rate Constant of the 1,4-Hydrogen Shift Isomerization of the 2-Cyclohexylethyl Radical
journal, December 2011

  • Yu, Tao; Zheng, Jingjing; Truhlar, Donald G.
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 116, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1021/jp209146b

Escaping free-energy minima
journal, September 2002

  • Laio, A.; Parrinello, M.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 99, Issue 20
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.202427399

Discovering chemistry with an ab initio nanoreactor
journal, November 2014

  • Wang, Lee-Ping; Titov, Alexey; McGibbon, Robert
  • Nature Chemistry, Vol. 6, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2099

Artificial Force Induced Reaction (AFIR) Method for Exploring Quantum Chemical Potential Energy Surfaces
journal, June 2016

  • Maeda, Satoshi; Harabuchi, Yu; Takagi, Makito
  • The Chemical Record, Vol. 16, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600043

Single-ended transition state finding with the growing string method
journal, January 2015

  • Zimmerman, Paul M.
  • Journal of Computational Chemistry, Vol. 36, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23833

Automatic Reaction Pathway Search via Combined Molecular Dynamics and Coordinate Driving Method
journal, February 2017

  • Yang, Manyi; Zou, Jingxiang; Wang, Guoqiang
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 121, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b12195

Reliable Transition State Searches Integrated with the Growing String Method
journal, June 2013

  • Zimmerman, Paul
  • Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation, Vol. 9, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1021/ct400319w

Heuristics-Guided Exploration of Reaction Mechanisms
journal, November 2015

  • Bergeler, Maike; Simm, Gregor N.; Proppe, Jonny
  • Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation, Vol. 11, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00866

Efficient exploration of reaction paths via a freezing string method
journal, December 2011

  • Behn, Andrew; Zimmerman, Paul M.; Bell, Alexis T.
  • The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 135, Issue 22
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3664901

Growing string method with interpolation and optimization in internal coordinates: Method and examples
journal, May 2013

  • Zimmerman, Paul M.
  • The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 138, Issue 18
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4804162

A climbing image nudged elastic band method for finding saddle points and minimum energy paths
journal, December 2000

  • Henkelman, Graeme; Uberuaga, Blas P.; Jónsson, Hannes
  • The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 113, Issue 22, p. 9901-9904
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1329672

Improved tangent estimate in the nudged elastic band method for finding minimum energy paths and saddle points
journal, December 2000

  • Henkelman, Graeme; Jónsson, Hannes
  • The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 113, Issue 22
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1323224

Transition state geometry prediction using molecular group contributions
journal, January 2015

  • Bhoorasingh, Pierre L.; West, Richard H.
  • Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 48
  • DOI: 10.1039/C5CP04706D

Optimization of equilibrium geometries and transition structures
journal, July 1982

Using redundant internal coordinates to optimize equilibrium geometries and transition states
journal, January 1996

MSTor: A program for calculating partition functions, free energies, enthalpies, entropies, and heat capacities of complex molecules including torsional anharmonicity
journal, August 2012

  • Zheng, Jingjing; Mielke, Steven L.; Clarkson, Kenneth L.
  • Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 183, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.cpc.2012.03.007

MSTor version 2013: A new version of the computer code for the multi-structural torsional anharmonicity, now with a coupled torsional potential
journal, August 2013

  • Zheng, Jingjing; Meana-Pañeda, Rubén; Truhlar, Donald G.
  • Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 184, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.cpc.2013.03.011

Neural Networks for the Prediction of Organic Chemistry Reactions
journal, October 2016

Computational Catalysis Using the Artificial Force Induced Reaction Method
journal, March 2016

Liquid-phase autoxidation of organic compounds at elevated temperatures. 2. Kinetics and mechanisms of the formation of cleavage products in n-hexadecane autoxidation
journal, April 1981

  • Jensen, R. K.; Korcek, S.; Mahoney, L. R.
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 103, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja00397a026

Kinetics of elementary reactions in low-temperature autoignition chemistry
journal, August 2011

  • Zádor, Judit; Taatjes, Craig A.; Fernandes, Ravi X.
  • Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 37, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.pecs.2010.06.006

Reaction Mechanism Generator: Automatic construction of chemical kinetic mechanisms
journal, June 2016

  • Gao, Connie W.; Allen, Joshua W.; Green, William H.
  • Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 203
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.cpc.2016.02.013

Open Babel: An open chemical toolbox
journal, October 2011

  • O'Boyle, Noel M.; Banck, Michael; James, Craig A.
  • Journal of Cheminformatics, Vol. 3, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1186/1758-2946-3-33

Exploring transition state structures for intramolecular pathways by the artificial force induced reaction method
journal, November 2013

  • Maeda, Satoshi; Taketsugu, Tetsuya; Morokuma, Keiji
  • Journal of Computational Chemistry, Vol. 35, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23481

The reaction of Criegee intermediates with acids and enols
journal, January 2017

  • Vereecken, L.
  • Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 42
  • DOI: 10.1039/C7CP05132H

Direct Kinetic Measurements of Criegee Intermediate (CH2OO) Formed by Reaction of CH2I with O2
journal, January 2012

Direct Measurements of Conformer-Dependent Reactivity of the Criegee Intermediate CH3CHOO
journal, April 2013

Direct measurement of Criegee intermediate (CH2OO) reactions with acetone, acetaldehyde, and hexafluoroacetone
journal, January 2012

  • Taatjes, Craig A.; Welz, Oliver; Eskola, Arkke J.
  • Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 30
  • DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40294g

Direct Observation of the Gas-Phase Criegee Intermediate (CH 2 OO)
journal, September 2008

  • Taatjes, Craig A.; Meloni, Giovanni; Selby, Talitha M.
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 130, Issue 36
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja804165q

Direct Determination of the Simplest Criegee Intermediate (CH 2 OO) Self Reaction Rate
journal, June 2014

  • Buras, Zachary J.; Elsamra, Rehab M. I.; Green, William H.
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 5, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.1021/jz5008406

Direct Kinetic Measurements of Reactions between the Simplest Criegee Intermediate CH 2 OO and Alkenes
journal, March 2014

  • Buras, Zachary J.; Elsamra, Rehab M. I.; Jalan, Amrit
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 118, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1021/jp4118985

Chemically activated formation of organic acids in reactions of the Criegee intermediate with aldehydes and ketones
journal, January 2013

  • Jalan, Amrit; Allen, Joshua W.; Green, William H.
  • Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 39
  • DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52598h

Enols Are Common Intermediates in Hydrocarbon Oxidation
journal, June 2005

Near-threshold H/D exchange in CD3CHO photodissociation
journal, May 2011

  • Heazlewood, Brianna R.; Maccarone, Alan T.; Andrews, Duncan U.
  • Nature Chemistry, Vol. 3, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1052

Photo-Tautomerization of Acetaldehyde to Vinyl Alcohol: A Potential Route to Tropospheric Acids
journal, August 2012

Molecular hydrogen in the troposphere: Global distribution and budget
journal, December 1999

  • Novelli, Paul C.; Lang, Patricia M.; Masarie, Kenneth A.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 104, Issue D23
  • DOI: 10.1029/1999JD900788

Gas-Phase Experiments Aimed at Probing the Existence of the Elusive Water Oxide Molecule
journal, October 1996

  • Schröder, Detlef; Schalley, Christoph A.; Schwarz, Helmut
  • Chemistry - A European Journal, Vol. 2, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1002/chem.19960021009

Nature of the transition structure for oxygen atom transfer from a hydroperoxide. Theoretical comparison between water oxide and ammonia oxide
journal, July 1991

  • Bach, Robert D.; Owensby, Amy L.; Gonzalez, Carlos
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 113, Issue 16
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja00016a012

Ether Oxides:  A New Class of Stable Ylides? A Theoretical Study of Methanol Oxide and Dimethyl Ether Oxide
journal, February 1998

  • Schalley, Christoph A.; Harvey, Jeremy N.; Schröder, Detlef
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 102, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1021/jp972986d

Theoretical study of the reactions of Criegee intermediates with ozone, alkylhydroperoxides, and carbon monoxide
journal, January 2015

  • Vereecken, L.; Rickard, A. R.; Newland, M. J.
  • Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 37
  • DOI: 10.1039/C5CP03862F

A theoretical model for the orientation of carbene insertion into saturated hydrocarbons and the origin of the activation barrier
journal, November 1993

  • Bach, Robert D.; Su, Ming Der; Aldabbagh, Ehab
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 115, Issue 22
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja00075a045

Ab Initio and Direct Dynamics Studies of the Reaction of Singlet Methylene with Acetylene and the Lifetime of the Cyclopropene Complex
journal, February 2005

  • Yu, Hua-Gen; Muckerman, James T.
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 109, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1021/jp045049w

Chemical mechanism for high temperature combustion of engine relevant fuels with emphasis on soot precursors
journal, March 2009

Pathways and Rate Coefficients for the Decomposition of Vinoxy and Acetyl Radicals
journal, May 2006

  • Senosiain, Juan P.; Klippenstein, Stephen J.; Miller, James A.
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 110, Issue 17
  • DOI: 10.1021/jp054934r

Phototautomerization of Acetaldehyde to Vinyl Alcohol: A Primary Process in UV-Irradiated Acetaldehyde from 295 to 335 nm
journal, November 2012

  • Clubb, Alexander E.; Jordan, Meredith J. T.; Kable, S. H.
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 3, Issue 23
  • DOI: 10.1021/jz301701x

Unimolecular decay strongly limits the atmospheric impact of Criegee intermediates
journal, January 2017

  • Vereecken, L.; Novelli, A.; Taraborrelli, D.
  • Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 47
  • DOI: 10.1039/C7CP05541B

Theoretical studies of atmospheric reaction mechanisms in the troposphere
journal, January 2012

  • Vereecken, Luc; Francisco, Joseph S.
  • Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 41, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35070j

Tropospheric OH and HO2 radicals: field measurements and model comparisons
journal, January 2012

  • Stone, Daniel; Whalley, Lisa K.; Heard, Dwayne E.
  • Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 41, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35140d

Atmospheric Chemistry of Enols: A Theoretical Study of the Vinyl Alcohol + OH + O 2 Reaction Mechanism
journal, May 2014

  • So, Sui; Wille, Uta; da Silva, Gabriel
  • Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 48, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1021/es500319q

Estimating the atmospheric concentration of Criegee intermediates and their possible interference in a FAGE-LIF instrument
journal, January 2017

  • Novelli, Anna; Hens, Korbinian; Tatum Ernest, Cheryl
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-17-7807-2017

Atmospheric Chemistry of Acetylacetone
journal, September 2008

  • Zhou, Shouming; Barnes, Ian; Zhu, Tong
  • Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 42, Issue 21
  • DOI: 10.1021/es8010282

Ridge method for finding saddle points on potential energy surfaces
journal, April 1993

  • Ionova, Irina V.; Carter, Emily A.
  • The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 98, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.465100
    Sort by:
    [ × clear filter / sort ]

    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Thermochemistry of the smallest QOOH radical from the roaming fragmentation of energy selected methyl hydroperoxide ions
    journal, January 2018

    • Covert, Kyle J.; Voronova, Krisztina; Torma, Krisztián G.
    • Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 32
    • DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03168a

    Automated reaction path searches for spin-forbidden reactions: Automated Reaction Path Searches
    journal, March 2018

    • Takayanagi, Toshiyuki; Nakatomi, Taiki
    • Journal of Computational Chemistry, Vol. 39, Issue 19
    • DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25202

    Theoretical study of sensitive reactions in phenol decomposition
    journal, January 2020

    • Pratali Maffei, Luna; Pelucchi, Matteo; Faravelli, Tiziano
    • Reaction Chemistry & Engineering, Vol. 5, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.1039/c9re00418a

    The Exploration of Chemical Reaction Networks
    journal, April 2020

      Sort by:
      [ × clear filter / sort ]

      Figures / Tables found in this record:

      Figure 1 (p. 9)figure
      Table 1 (p. 10)table
      Figure 2 (p. 17)figure
      Figure 3 (p. 19)figure
      Figure 4 (p. 21)figure
      Figure 5 (p. 27)figure
      Figure 6 (p. 32)figure
        [ × clear filter / sort ]
        Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.

        Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections: