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Title: Explosive-induced shock damage in copper and recompression of the damaged region

Abstract

Here, we have studied the dynamic spall process for copper samples in contact with detonating low-performance explosives. When a triangular shaped shock wave from detonation moves through a sample and reflects from the free surface, tension develops immediately, one or more damaged layers can form, and a spall scab can separate from the sample and move ahead of the remaining target material. For dynamic experiments, we used time-resolved velocimetry and x-ray radiography. Soft-recovered samples were analyzed using optical imaging and microscopy. Computer simulations were used to guide experiment design. We observe that for some target thicknesses the spall scab continues to run ahead of the rest of the sample, but for thinner samples, the detonation product gases accelerate the sample enough for it to impact the spall scab several microseconds or more after the initial damage formation. Our data also show signatures in the form of a late-time reshock in the time-resolved data, which support this computational prediction. A primary goal of this research was to study the wave interactions and damage processes for explosives-loaded copper and to look for evidence of this postulated recompression event. We found both experimentally and computationally that we could tailor the magnitude of themore » initial and recompression shocks by varying the explosive drive and the copper sample thickness; thin samples had a large recompression after spall, whereas thick samples did not recompress at all. Samples that did not recompress had spall scabs that completely separated from the sample, whereas samples with recompression remained intact. This suggests that the hypothesized recompression process closes voids in the damage layer or otherwise halts the spall formation process. This is a somewhat surprising and, in some ways controversial, result, and the one that warrants further research in the shock compression community.« less

Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Programs (DP)
OSTI Identifier:
1313245
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1340966; OSTI ID: 1420666
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-16-22919
Journal ID: ISSN 0021-8979
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC52-06NA25946; AC52-06NA25396
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Journal of Applied Physics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Journal of Applied Physics Journal Volume: 120 Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 0021-8979
Publisher:
American Institute of Physics
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Citation Formats

Turley, W. D., Stevens, G. D., Hixson, R. S., Cerreta, E. K., Daykin, E. P., Graeve, O. A., La Lone, B. M., Novitskaya, E., Perez, C., Rigg, P. A., and Veeser, L. R. Explosive-induced shock damage in copper and recompression of the damaged region. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1063/1.4962013.
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Turley, W. D., Stevens, G. D., Hixson, R. S., Cerreta, E. K., Daykin, E. P., Graeve, O. A., La Lone, B. M., Novitskaya, E., Perez, C., Rigg, P. A., & Veeser, L. R. Explosive-induced shock damage in copper and recompression of the damaged region. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4962013
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Turley, W. D., Stevens, G. D., Hixson, R. S., Cerreta, E. K., Daykin, E. P., Graeve, O. A., La Lone, B. M., Novitskaya, E., Perez, C., Rigg, P. A., and Veeser, L. R. Sun . "Explosive-induced shock damage in copper and recompression of the damaged region". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4962013.
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@article{osti_1313245,
title = {Explosive-induced shock damage in copper and recompression of the damaged region},
author = {Turley, W. D. and Stevens, G. D. and Hixson, R. S. and Cerreta, E. K. and Daykin, E. P. and Graeve, O. A. and La Lone, B. M. and Novitskaya, E. and Perez, C. and Rigg, P. A. and Veeser, L. R.},
abstractNote = {Here, we have studied the dynamic spall process for copper samples in contact with detonating low-performance explosives. When a triangular shaped shock wave from detonation moves through a sample and reflects from the free surface, tension develops immediately, one or more damaged layers can form, and a spall scab can separate from the sample and move ahead of the remaining target material. For dynamic experiments, we used time-resolved velocimetry and x-ray radiography. Soft-recovered samples were analyzed using optical imaging and microscopy. Computer simulations were used to guide experiment design. We observe that for some target thicknesses the spall scab continues to run ahead of the rest of the sample, but for thinner samples, the detonation product gases accelerate the sample enough for it to impact the spall scab several microseconds or more after the initial damage formation. Our data also show signatures in the form of a late-time reshock in the time-resolved data, which support this computational prediction. A primary goal of this research was to study the wave interactions and damage processes for explosives-loaded copper and to look for evidence of this postulated recompression event. We found both experimentally and computationally that we could tailor the magnitude of the initial and recompression shocks by varying the explosive drive and the copper sample thickness; thin samples had a large recompression after spall, whereas thick samples did not recompress at all. Samples that did not recompress had spall scabs that completely separated from the sample, whereas samples with recompression remained intact. This suggests that the hypothesized recompression process closes voids in the damage layer or otherwise halts the spall formation process. This is a somewhat surprising and, in some ways controversial, result, and the one that warrants further research in the shock compression community.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4962013},
journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
number = 8,
volume = 120,
place = {United States},
year = {Sun Aug 28 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Sun Aug 28 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4962013
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