DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Exposure assessment of process-related contaminants in food by biomarker monitoring

Abstract

Exposure assessment is a fundamental part of the risk assessment paradigm, but can often present a number of challenges and uncertainties. This is especially the case for process contaminants formed during the processing, e.g. heating of food, since they are in part highly reactive and/or volatile, thus making exposure assessment by analysing contents in food unreliable. New approaches are therefore required to accurately assess consumer exposure and thus better inform the risk assessment. Such novel approaches may include the use of biomarkers, physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modelling-facilitated reverse dosimetry, and/or duplicate diet studies. This review focuses on the state of the art with respect to the use of biomarkers of exposure for the process contaminants acrylamide, 3-MCPD esters, glycidyl esters, furan and acrolein. From the overview presented, it becomes clear that the field of assessing human exposure to process-related contaminants in food by biomarker monitoring is promising and strongly developing. The current state of the art as well as the existing data gaps and challenges for the future were defined. They include (1) using PBK modelling and duplicate diet studies to establish, preferably in humans, correlations between external exposure and biomarkers; (2) elucidation of the possible endogenous formation of themore » process-related contaminants and the resulting biomarker levels; (3) the influence of inter-individual variations and how to include that in the biomarker-based exposure predictions; (4) the correction for confounding factors; (5) the value of the different biomarkers in relation to exposure scenario’s and risk assessment, and (6) the possibilities of novel methodologies. Here, in spite of these challenges it can be concluded that biomarker-based exposure assessment provides a unique opportunity to more accurately assess consumer exposure to process-related contaminants in food and thus to better inform risk assessment.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [8];  [9];  [10];  [11];  [12]
  1. Wageningen Univ., Wageningen (The Netherlands)
  2. International Life Sciences Institute, Brussels (Belgium)
  3. Mondelez International, Bremen (Germany)
  4. Abbott Nutrition, Columbus, OH (United States)
  5. KAO Corp., Tochigi (Japan)
  6. Univ. of Wurzburg, Wurzburg (Germany)
  7. PepsiCo Europe, Leicester (United Kingdom)
  8. Nestle Research Center, Lausanne (Switzerland)
  9. Biochemical Institute for Environmental Carcinogens, Grosshansdorf (Germany)
  10. UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (United States)
  11. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
  12. Univ. of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern (Germany)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1420440
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-76RL01830
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Archives of Toxicology
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 92; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0340-5761
Publisher:
Springer
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.; Dietary process-related contaminants; Biomarkers; External exposure assessment; Physiologically based kinetic models; Risk assessment

Citation Formats

Rietjens, Ivonne M. C. M., Dussort, P., Gunther, Helmut, Hanlon, Paul, Honda, Hiroshi, Mally, Angela, O’Hagan, Sue, Scholz, Gabriele, Seidel, Albrecht, Swenberg, James, Teeguarden, Justin, and Eisenbrand, Gerhard. Exposure assessment of process-related contaminants in food by biomarker monitoring. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1007/S00204-017-2143-2.
Rietjens, Ivonne M. C. M., Dussort, P., Gunther, Helmut, Hanlon, Paul, Honda, Hiroshi, Mally, Angela, O’Hagan, Sue, Scholz, Gabriele, Seidel, Albrecht, Swenberg, James, Teeguarden, Justin, & Eisenbrand, Gerhard. Exposure assessment of process-related contaminants in food by biomarker monitoring. United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00204-017-2143-2
Rietjens, Ivonne M. C. M., Dussort, P., Gunther, Helmut, Hanlon, Paul, Honda, Hiroshi, Mally, Angela, O’Hagan, Sue, Scholz, Gabriele, Seidel, Albrecht, Swenberg, James, Teeguarden, Justin, and Eisenbrand, Gerhard. Thu . "Exposure assessment of process-related contaminants in food by biomarker monitoring". United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00204-017-2143-2. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1420440.
@article{osti_1420440,
title = {Exposure assessment of process-related contaminants in food by biomarker monitoring},
author = {Rietjens, Ivonne M. C. M. and Dussort, P. and Gunther, Helmut and Hanlon, Paul and Honda, Hiroshi and Mally, Angela and O’Hagan, Sue and Scholz, Gabriele and Seidel, Albrecht and Swenberg, James and Teeguarden, Justin and Eisenbrand, Gerhard},
abstractNote = {Exposure assessment is a fundamental part of the risk assessment paradigm, but can often present a number of challenges and uncertainties. This is especially the case for process contaminants formed during the processing, e.g. heating of food, since they are in part highly reactive and/or volatile, thus making exposure assessment by analysing contents in food unreliable. New approaches are therefore required to accurately assess consumer exposure and thus better inform the risk assessment. Such novel approaches may include the use of biomarkers, physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modelling-facilitated reverse dosimetry, and/or duplicate diet studies. This review focuses on the state of the art with respect to the use of biomarkers of exposure for the process contaminants acrylamide, 3-MCPD esters, glycidyl esters, furan and acrolein. From the overview presented, it becomes clear that the field of assessing human exposure to process-related contaminants in food by biomarker monitoring is promising and strongly developing. The current state of the art as well as the existing data gaps and challenges for the future were defined. They include (1) using PBK modelling and duplicate diet studies to establish, preferably in humans, correlations between external exposure and biomarkers; (2) elucidation of the possible endogenous formation of the process-related contaminants and the resulting biomarker levels; (3) the influence of inter-individual variations and how to include that in the biomarker-based exposure predictions; (4) the correction for confounding factors; (5) the value of the different biomarkers in relation to exposure scenario’s and risk assessment, and (6) the possibilities of novel methodologies. Here, in spite of these challenges it can be concluded that biomarker-based exposure assessment provides a unique opportunity to more accurately assess consumer exposure to process-related contaminants in food and thus to better inform risk assessment.},
doi = {10.1007/S00204-017-2143-2},
journal = {Archives of Toxicology},
number = 1,
volume = 92,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jan 04 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Thu Jan 04 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record

Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 33 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Works referenced in this record:

Toxicogenomic assessment of liver responses following subchronic exposure to furan in Fischer F344 rats
journal, July 2015


Biotransformation of Acrolein in Rat: Excretion of Mercapturic Acids after Inhalation and Intraperitoneal Injection
journal, January 1996

  • Linhart, I.; Frantı́k, E.; Vodičková, L’.
  • Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 136, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0019

Analysis of acrylamide and mechanisms of its formation in deep-fried products
journal, November 2002


Mercapturic acids of acrylamide and glycidamide as biomarkers of the internal exposure to acrylamide in the general population
journal, February 2005

  • Boettcher, Melanie Isabell; Schettgen, Thomas; Kütting, Birgitta
  • Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, Vol. 580, Issue 1-2
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.11.010

Effect of consumer cooking on furan in convenience foods
journal, November 2007


Occurrence of fatty acid esters of 3-MCPD, 2-MCPD and glycidol in infant formula
journal, September 2015

  • Wöhrlin, Friederike; Fry, Hildburg; Lahrssen-Wiederholt, Monika
  • Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, Vol. 32, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1071497

The genotoxic potency of glycidol established from micronucleus frequency and hemoglobin adduct levels in mice
journal, February 2017

  • Aasa, Jenny; Abramsson-Zetterberg, Lilianne; Carlsson, Henrik
  • Food and Chemical Toxicology, Vol. 100
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.12.022

Analysis of acrylamide in cooked foods by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
journal, June 2002

  • Rosén, Johan; Hellenäs, Karl-Erik
  • The Analyst, Vol. 127, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1039/b204938d

Acrolein Is a Product of Lipid Peroxidation Reaction: FORMATION OF FREE ACROLEIN AND ITS CONJUGATE WITH LYSINE RESIDUES IN OXIDIZED LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS
journal, June 1998

  • Uchida, Koji; Kanematsu, Masamichi; Morimitsu, Yasujiro
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 273, Issue 26
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.26.16058

DNA-damaging activity of biotic and xenobiotic aldehydes in chinese hamster ovary cells
journal, October 1984

  • Marinari, Umberto M.; Ferro, Margherita; Bassi, Anna Maria
  • Cell Biochemistry and Function, Vol. 2, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1002/cbf.290020411

Species differences in toxicokinetic parameters of glycidol after a single dose of glycidol or glycidol linoleate in rats and monkeys
journal, January 2012

  • Wakabayashi, Ken-ichi; Kurata, Yoshimasa; Harada, Tomoo
  • The Journal of Toxicological Sciences, Vol. 37, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.2131/jts.37.691

Acrylamide: A Dietary Carcinogen Formed in Vivo?
journal, August 2008

  • Tareke, Eden; Lyn-Cook, Beverly; Robinson, Bonnie
  • Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 56, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.1021/jf703749h

Monitoring of occupational exposure to epichlorohydrin by genetic effects and hemoglobin adducts
journal, November 1997

  • Hindsø Landin, Helena; Grummt, Tamara; Laurent, Christian
  • Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, Vol. 381, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1016/S0027-5107(97)00171-1

Fate of14C-acrylamide in roasted and ground coffee during storage
journal, May 2008

  • Baum, Matthias; Böhm, Nadine; Görlitz, Jessica
  • Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, Vol. 52, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700413

Acrylamide is formed in the Maillard reaction
journal, October 2002

  • Mottram, Donald S.; Wedzicha, Bronislaw L.; Dodson, Andrew T.
  • Nature, Vol. 419, Issue 6906
  • DOI: 10.1038/419448a

Acrolein: Sources, metabolism, and biomolecular interactions relevant to human health and disease
journal, January 2008

  • Stevens, Jan F.; Maier, Claudia S.
  • Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, Vol. 52, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700412

Use of Physiologically Based Kinetic Modeling-Based Reverse Dosimetry to Predict in Vivo Toxicity from in Vitro Data
journal, November 2016


Disposition of [ 14 C]furan in the male F344 rat
journal, October 1991

  • Burka, Leo T.; Washburn, Kelly D.; Irwin, Richard D.
  • Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Vol. 34, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1080/15287399109531564

Acrolein induced DNA damage, mutagenicity and effect on DNA repair
journal, June 2011

  • Tang, Moon-shong; Wang, Hsiang-tsui; Hu, Yu
  • Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, Vol. 55, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201100148

Molecular dosimetry of endogenous and ethylene oxide-induced N7-(2-hydroxyethyl) guanine formation in tissues of rodents
journal, September 1999


Urinary acrylamide metabolites as biomarkers for short-term dietary exposure to acrylamide
journal, June 2007

  • Bjellaas, Thomas; Stølen, Linn Helene; Haugen, Margaretha
  • Food and Chemical Toxicology, Vol. 45, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2006.12.007

Degree of alkylation of macromolecules in vivo from variable exposure
journal, December 1992

  • Granath, F.; Ehrenberg, L.; Törnqvist, M.
  • Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, Vol. 284, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1016/0027-5107(92)90014-S

Effects of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and its metabolites on DNA damage and repair under in vitro conditions
journal, March 2016


Quantification of 3-MCPD and its mercapturic metabolite in human urine: validation of an LC–MS–MS method and its application in the general population
journal, April 2015

  • Andreoli, Roberta; Cirlini, Martina; Mutti, Antonio
  • Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Vol. 407, Issue 16
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8650-1

Biomarker monitoring of controlled dietary acrylamide exposure indicates consistent human endogenous background
journal, May 2017


Toxicokinetics of acrylamide and glycidamide in Fischer 344 rats
journal, November 2005

  • Doerge, Daniel R.; Young, John F.; McDaniel, L. Patrice
  • Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 208, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2005.03.003

Urinary Mercapturic Acids and a Hemoglobin Adduct for the Dosimetry of Acrylamide Exposure in Smokers and Nonsmokers
journal, January 2006

  • Urban, Michael; Kavvadias, Dominique; Riedel, Kirsten
  • Inhalation Toxicology, Vol. 18, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1080/08958370600748430

Characterization of glycidol-hemoglobin adducts as biomarkers of exposure and in vivo dose
journal, March 2014

  • Honda, Hiroshi; Törnqvist, Margareta; Nishiyama, Naohiro
  • Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 275, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.01.010

Determination of bound 2,3-epoxy-1-propanol (glycidol) and bound monochloropropanediol (MCPD) in refined oils
journal, December 2010

  • Kuhlmann, Jan
  • European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, Vol. 113, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201000313

Exposure of the U.S. Population to Acrylamide in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2004
journal, February 2010

  • Vesper, Hubert W.; Caudill, Samuel P.; Osterloh, John D.
  • Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 118, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0901021

Detection of 7-(2′-Carboxyethyl)guanine but Not 7-Carboxymethylguanine in Human Liver DNA
journal, June 2010

  • Cheng, Guang; Wang, Mingyao; Villalta, Peter W.
  • Chemical Research in Toxicology, Vol. 23, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1021/tx100062v

Biomarkers of Furan Exposure by Metabolic Profiling of Rat Urine with Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Principal Component Analysis
journal, March 2008

  • Kellert, Marco; Wagner, Silvia; Lutz, Ursula
  • Chemical Research in Toxicology, Vol. 21, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1021/tx7004212

Electrophilic Intermediates Produced by Bioactivation of Furan
journal, January 2006


A new modified Edman procedure for analysis of N-terminal valine adducts in hemoglobin by LC–MS/MS
journal, October 2010


Furan: a critical heat induced dietary contaminant
journal, January 2013

  • Mariotti, María S.; Granby, Kit; Rozowski, Jaime
  • Food & Function, Vol. 4, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1039/c3fo30375f

Occurrence of 3-MCPD and glycidyl esters in edible oils in the United States
journal, December 2013

  • MacMahon, Shaun; Begley, Timothy H.; Diachenko, Gregory W.
  • Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, Vol. 30, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2013.840805

Impact of Acrylamide on Calcium Signaling and Cytoskeletal Filaments in Testes From F344 Rat
journal, March 2017

  • Recio, Leslie; Friedman, Marvin; Marroni, Dennis
  • International Journal of Toxicology, Vol. 36, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1177/1091581817697696

Biosynthesis of mercapturic acids from allyl alcohol, allyl esters and acrolein
journal, August 1973


Profiling of mercapturic acids of acrolein and acrylamide in human urine after consumption of potato crisps*
journal, October 2012

  • Watzek, Nico; Scherbl, Denise; Feld, Julia
  • Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, Vol. 56, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200323

Degraded Protein Adducts of cis -2-Butene-1,4-dial Are Urinary and Hepatocyte Metabolites of Furan
journal, June 2009

  • Lu, Ding; Sullivan, Mathilde M.; Phillips, Martin B.
  • Chemical Research in Toxicology, Vol. 22, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1021/tx800377v

5‘-(2-Phosphoryl-1,4-dioxobutane) as a Product of 5‘-Oxidation of Deoxyribose in DNA:  Elimination as trans -1,4-Dioxo-2-butene and Approaches to Analysis
journal, November 2004

  • Chen, Bingzi; Bohnert, Tonika; Zhou, Xinfeng
  • Chemical Research in Toxicology, Vol. 17, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1021/tx049818e

Automated method for measuring globin adducts of acrylamide and glycidamide at optimized Edman reaction conditions
journal, January 2006

  • Vesper, Hubert W.; Ospina, Maria; Meyers, Tunde
  • Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, Vol. 20, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1002/rcm.2396

Transcriptional profiling of male F344 rats suggests the involvement of calcium signaling in the mode of action of acrylamide-induced thyroid cancer
journal, September 2017


Carcinogenicity and Mechanistic Insights on the Behavior of Epoxides and Epoxide-Forming Chemicals
journal, December 2002


Effects of dietary lipids and Clostridium butyricum on the performance and the digestive tract of broiler chickens
journal, August 2011


Strategies for the reduction of 3-MCPD esters and related compounds in vegetable oils
journal, February 2011

  • Matthäus, Bertrand; Pudel, Frank; Fehling, Peer
  • European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, Vol. 113, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201000300

Collaborative Study for the Analysis of Glycidyl Fatty Acid Esters in Edible Oils using LC-MS
journal, December 2012

  • Blumhorst, Michael R.; Collison, Mark W.; Cantrill, Richard
  • Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, Vol. 90, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1007/s11746-012-2187-7

Effect of cooking or handling conditions on the furan levels of processed foods
journal, June 2009

  • Kim, T. -K.; Lee, Y. -K.; Park, Y. S.
  • Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, Vol. 26, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1080/02652030902774656

Rapid determination of furan in heated foodstuffs by isotope dilution solid phase micro-extraction-gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS)
journal, January 2005

  • Goldmann, Till; Périsset, Adrienne; Scanlan, Francis
  • The Analyst, Vol. 130, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1039/b419270b

Gene expression and epigenetic changes by furan in rat liver
journal, February 2012


Glycidol exposure evaluation of humans who have ingested diacylglycerol oil containing glycidol fatty acid esters using hemoglobin adducts
journal, November 2012

  • Honda, Hiroshi; Fujii, Kenkichi; Yamaguchi, Tohru
  • Food and Chemical Toxicology, Vol. 50, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.07.058

Abundant Rodent Furan-Derived Urinary Metabolites Are Associated with Tobacco Smoke Exposure in Humans
journal, June 2015


Analysis of acrolein from heated cooking oils and beef fat
journal, November 1987

  • Umano, Katsumi; Shibamoto, Takayuki
  • Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 35, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1021/jf00078a014

Induction of micronuclei in mouse and rat by glycidamide, genotoxic metabolite of acrylamide
journal, February 2003

  • Paulsson, Birgit; Kotova, Natalia; Grawé, Jan
  • Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, Vol. 535, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(02)00281-4

A New Analytical Method for the Quantification of Glycidol Fatty Acid Esters in Edible Oils
journal, January 2010

  • Masukawa, Yoshinori; Shiro, Hiroki; Nakamura, Shun
  • Journal of Oleo Science, Vol. 59, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.5650/jos.59.81

A first approach to estimate the internal exposure to acrylamide in smoking and non-smoking adults from Germany
journal, January 2003

  • Schettgen, Thomas; Weiss, Tobias; Drexler, Hans
  • International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, Vol. 206, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1078/1438-4639-00195

The Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics of Acrylamide: Implications for Mechanisms of Toxicity and Human Risk Estimation
journal, January 1996


Orally administered glycidol and its fatty acid esters as well as 3-MCPD fatty acid esters are metabolized to 3-MCPD in the F344 rat
journal, December 2015

  • Onami, Saeko; Cho, Young-Man; Toyoda, Takeshi
  • Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, Vol. 73, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.10.020

Genotoxicity of furan in Big Blue rats
journal, February 2012

  • McDaniel, L. Patrice; Ding, Wei; Dobrovolsky, Vasily N.
  • Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, Vol. 742, Issue 1-2
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.12.011

Measurement of glycidol hemoglobin adducts in humans who ingest edible oil containing small amounts of glycidol fatty acid esters
journal, October 2011

  • Honda, Hiroshi; Onishi, Masayuki; Fujii, Kenkichi
  • Food and Chemical Toxicology, Vol. 49, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.06.057

Metabolism and Hemoglobin Adduct Formation of Acrylamide in Humans
journal, December 2004

  • Fennell, Timothy R.; Sumner, Susan C. J.; Snyder, Rodney W.
  • Toxicological Sciences, Vol. 85, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfi069

Influence of chemical refining process and oil type on bound 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol contents in palm oil and rapeseed oil
journal, December 2009


Protein modification by acrolein: Relevance to pathological conditions and inhibition by aldehyde sequestering agents
journal, August 2011

  • Aldini, Giancarlo; Orioli, Marica; Carini, Marina
  • Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, Vol. 55, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201100182

Dietary and lifestyle determinants of acrylamide and glycidamide hemoglobin adducts in non-smoking postmenopausal women from the EPIC cohort
journal, February 2016

  • Obón-Santacana, Mireia; Lujan-Barroso, Leila; Freisling, Heinz
  • European Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 56, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1165-5

Furanic compounds and furfural in different coffee products by headspace liquid-phase micro-extraction followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry: survey and effect of brewing procedures
journal, October 2014

  • Chaichi, Maryam; Ghasemzadeh-Mohammadi, Vahid; Hashemi, Maryam
  • Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B, Vol. 8, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2014.981601

Modelling consumer intakes of vegetable oils and fats
journal, August 2015


Effects of inhaled 1-bromopropane vapor on rat metabolism
journal, August 2002


Biological effects of acrylamide after daily ingestion of various foods in comparison to water: A study in rats
journal, October 2010

  • Berger, Franz Ingo; Feld, Julia; Bertow, Daniel
  • Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, Vol. 55, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201000234

Fatty acid esters of monochloropropanediol (MCPD) and glycidol in refined edible oils
journal, January 2013


Acrolein and Human Disease: Untangling the Knotty Exposure Scenarios Accompanying Several Diverse Disorders
journal, November 2016


Acrylamide from Maillard reaction products
journal, October 2002

  • Stadler, Richard H.; Blank, Imre; Varga, Natalia
  • Nature, Vol. 419, Issue 6906
  • DOI: 10.1038/419449a

Furan in coffee: pilot studies on formation during roasting and losses during production steps and consumer handling
journal, March 2010

  • Guenther, H.; Hoenicke, K.; Biesterveld, S.
  • Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, Vol. 27, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1080/19440040903317505

Mutagenicity of furan in female Big Blue B6C3F1 mice
journal, August 2014

  • Terrell, Ashley N.; Huynh, Mailee; Grill, Alex E.
  • Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, Vol. 770
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.04.024

Glycidol-carbohydrate hybrids: a new family of DNA alkylating agents
journal, October 2003

  • Toshima, Kazunobu; Okuno, Yukiko; Matsumura, Shuichi
  • Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, Vol. 13, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1016/S0960-894X(03)00659-0

Development of an analytical method and survey of foods for furan, 2-methylfuran and 3-methylfuran with estimated exposure
journal, June 2010

  • Becalski, A.; Hayward, S.; Krakalovich, T.
  • Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, Vol. 27, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1080/19440040903473332

Low Doses of the Carcinogen Furan Alter Cell Cycle and Apoptosis Gene Expression in Rat Liver Independent of DNA Methylation
journal, November 2010

  • Chen, Tao; Mally, Angela; Ozden, Sibel
  • Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 118, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002153

Kinetics of Elimination of Urinary Metabolites of Acrylamide in Humans
journal, July 2006

  • Fennell, Timothy R.; Sumner, Susan C. J.; Snyder, Rodney W.
  • Toxicological Sciences, Vol. 93, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfl069

Determination and quantification of urinary metabolites after dietary exposure to acrylamide
journal, November 2005


Fatty acid esters of glycidol in refined fats and oils
journal, February 2010

  • Weißhaar, Rüdiger; Perz, Roland
  • European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, Vol. 112, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.200900137

Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model for Acrylamide and Its Metabolites in Mice, Rats, and Humans
journal, March 2007

  • Young, John F.; Luecke, Richard H.; Doerge, Daniel R.
  • Chemical Research in Toxicology, Vol. 20, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1021/tx600287w

Mercapturic acids as metabolites of alkylating substances in urine samples of German inhabitants
journal, June 2011

  • Eckert, Elisabeth; Schmid, Klaus; Schaller, Barbara
  • International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, Vol. 214, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2011.03.001

Relative oral bioavailability of 3-MCPD from 3-MCPD fatty acid esters in rats
journal, November 2012

  • Abraham, Klaus; Appel, Klaus E.; Berger-Preiss, Edith
  • Archives of Toxicology, Vol. 87, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00204-012-0970-8

Heating of food and haemoglobin adducts from carcinogens: possible precursor role of glycidol
journal, November 2000


Detection of exocyclic 1,N2-propanodeoxyguanosine adducts as common DNA lesions in rodents and humans.
journal, August 1994

  • Nath, R. G.; Chung, F. L.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 91, Issue 16
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.16.7491

Low dose assessment of the carcinogenicity of furan in male F344/N Nctr rats in a 2-year gavage study
journal, January 2017

  • Von Tungeln, Linda S.; Walker, Nigel J.; Olson, Greg R.
  • Food and Chemical Toxicology, Vol. 99
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.11.015

Formation of Glycidol Fatty Acid Esters in Meat Samples Cooked by Various Methods
journal, January 2016


Biomonitoring of Epichlorohydrin by Hemoglobin Adducts
journal, August 1996

  • Landin, Helena Hindsø; Osterman-Golkar, Siv; Zorcec, Vlado
  • Analytical Biochemistry, Vol. 240, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1006/abio.1996.0322

Furan induction of DNA cross-linking and strand breaks in turkey fetal liver in comparison to 1,3-propanediol
journal, March 2012

  • Jeffrey, Alan M.; Brunnemann, Klaus D.; Duan, Jian-Dong
  • Food and Chemical Toxicology, Vol. 50, Issue 3-4
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.11.011

Using Biomonitoring Equivalents to interpret human biomonitoring data in a public health risk context
journal, May 2009

  • Hays, Sean M.; Aylward, Lesa L.
  • Journal of Applied Toxicology, Vol. 29, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1002/jat.1410

Kinetic Analysis of Furan Biotransformation by F-344 Rats in Vivo and in Vitro
journal, December 1993

  • Kedderis, G. L.; Carfagna, M. A.; Held, S. D.
  • Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 123, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1006/taap.1993.1246

Analysis of DNA adducts in human samples: Acrolein-derived exocyclic DNA adducts as an example
journal, July 2011


Differential genotoxicity of acrylamide in the micronucleus and Pig -a gene mutation assays in F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice
journal, June 2016

  • Hobbs, Cheryl A.; Davis, Jeffrey; Shepard, Kim
  • Mutagenesis, Vol. 31, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gew028

Detection of DNA Adducts Derived from the Reactive Metabolite of Furan, cis- 2-Butene-1,4-dial
journal, March 2006

  • Byrns, Michael C.; Vu, Choua C.; Neidigh, Jonathan W.
  • Chemical Research in Toxicology, Vol. 19, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1021/tx050302k

The Molecular Effects of Acrolein
journal, September 2000


Analytical approaches for MCPD esters and glycidyl esters in food and biological samples: a review and future perspectives
journal, January 2013


Furan-induced transcriptomic and gene-specific DNA methylation changes in the livers of Fischer 344 rats in a 2-year carcinogenicity study
journal, July 2016

  • Tryndyak, Volodymyr; de Conti, Aline; Doerge, Daniel R.
  • Archives of Toxicology, Vol. 91, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1786-8

Hemoglobin adducts from glycidamide: acetonization of hydrophilic groups for reproducible gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric analysis: Acetonization of hemoglobin adducts from glycidamide
journal, July 2003

  • Paulsson, Birgit; Athanassiadis, Ioannis; Rydberg, Per
  • Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, Vol. 17, Issue 16
  • DOI: 10.1002/rcm.1116

Acrylamide: Consideration of species differences and nonlinear processes in estimating risk and safety for human ingestion
journal, April 2009


Excretion of mercapturic acids of acrylamide and glycidamide in human urine after single oral administration of deuterium-labelled acrylamide
journal, September 2005

  • Boettcher, Melanie I.; Bolt, Hermann M.; Drexler, Hans
  • Archives of Toxicology, Vol. 80, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00204-005-0011-y

Application of gastrointestinal modelling to the study of the digestion and transformation of dietary glycidyl esters
journal, January 2013


DNA Adduct Formation from Acrylamide via Conversion To Glycidamide in Adult and Neonatal Mice
journal, October 2003

  • Gamboa da Costa, Gonçalo; Churchwell, Mona I.; Hamilton, L. Patrice
  • Chemical Research in Toxicology, Vol. 16, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1021/tx034108e

Carcinogenic Action of Alkylating Agents
journal, April 1958


Allyl alcohol- and acrolein-induced toxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes
journal, December 1989


Acrolein Exposure in U.S. Tobacco Smokers and Non-Tobacco Users: NHANES 2005–2006
journal, December 2015

  • Alwis, K. Udeni; deCastro, B. Rey; Morrow, John C.
  • Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 123, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409251

Relative oral bioavailability of glycidol from glycidyl fatty acid esters in rats
journal, May 2013

  • Appel, Klaus E.; Abraham, Klaus; Berger-Preiss, Edith
  • Archives of Toxicology, Vol. 87, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00204-013-1061-1

Chemistry and biochemistry of 4-hydroxynonenal, malonaldehyde and related aldehydes
journal, January 1991

  • Esterbauer, Hermann; Schaur, Rudolf Jörg; Zollner, Helmward
  • Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Vol. 11, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1016/0891-5849(91)90192-6

N 7-Glycidamide-Guanine DNA Adduct Formation by Orally Ingested Acrylamide in Rats: A Dose–Response Study Encompassing Human Diet-Related Exposure Levels
journal, January 2012

  • Watzek, Nico; Böhm, Nadine; Feld, Julia
  • Chemical Research in Toxicology, Vol. 25, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1021/tx200446z

Comparison between 3‐MCPD and its palmitic esters in a 90‐day toxicological study
journal, September 2011


Hemoglobin Adducts and Mercapturic Acid Excretion of Acrylamide and Glycidamide in One Study Population
journal, August 2008

  • Hartmann, Eva C.; Boettcher, Melanie I.; Schettgen, Thomas
  • Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 56, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.1021/jf800277h

Evaluation of serum and liver toxicokinetics for furan and liver DNA adduct formation in male Fischer 344 rats
journal, December 2015


The Metabolism of 3-Chloro-, 3-Bromo- and 3-Iodopropan-1,2-diol in Rats and Mice
journal, January 1975


Genotoxicity studies of glycidol fatty acid ester (glycidol linoleate) and glycidol
journal, November 2012

  • Ikeda, Naohiro; Fujii, Kenkichi; Sarada, Miko
  • Food and Chemical Toxicology, Vol. 50, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.08.022

Biomonitoring Equivalents (BE) dossier for acrylamide (AA) (CAS No. 79-06-1)
journal, August 2008


Prediction of Furan Pharmacokinetics from Hepatocyte Studies: Comparison of Bioactivation and Hepatic Dosimetry in Rats, Mice, and Humans
journal, September 1996

  • Kedderis, Gregory L.; Held, Sara D.
  • Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 140, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0205

In vivo genotoxicity of furan in F344 rats at cancer bioassay doses
journal, June 2012

  • Ding, Wei; Petibone, Dayton M.; Latendresse, John R.
  • Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 261, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.03.021

Alkylation products of DNA bases by simple epoxides
journal, June 1980


Adducts with haemoglobin and with DNA in epichlorohydrin-exposed rats
journal, January 1999


Toxicological assessment of 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol and glycidol fatty acid esters in food
journal, February 2011

  • Bakhiya, Nadiya; Abraham, Klaus; Gürtler, Rainer
  • Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, Vol. 55, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201000550

An integrated QSAR-PBK/D modelling approach for predicting detoxification and DNA adduct formation of 18 acyclic food-borne α,β-unsaturated aldehydes
journal, January 2015

  • Kiwamoto, R.; Spenkelink, A.; Rietjens, I. M. C. M.
  • Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 282, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.10.014

Gas Chromatographic Investigation of Acrylamide Formation in Browning Model Systems
journal, July 2003

  • Yasuhara, Akio; Tanaka, Yuuka; Hengel, Matt
  • Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 51, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1021/jf0300947

Quantitation of Acrolein–Protein Adducts: Potential Biomarker of Acrolein Exposure
journal, March 2004

  • Li, Hui; Wang, Jianling; Kaphalia, Bhupendra S.
  • Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, Vol. 67, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1080/15287390490276539

Molecular Mechanisms of Acrolein Toxicity: Relevance to Human Disease
journal, January 2015

  • Moghe, Akshata; Ghare, Smita; Lamoreau, Bryan
  • Toxicological Sciences, Vol. 143, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu233

Furan carcinogenicity: DNA binding and genotoxicity of furan in rats in vivo
journal, August 2012

  • Neuwirth, Carolin; Mosesso, Pasquale; Pepe, Gaetano
  • Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, Vol. 56, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200226

3-Chloro-2-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid and α-chlorohydrin as biomarkers of occupational exposure to epichlorohydrin
journal, July 1997

  • de Rooij, Ben M.; Boogaard, Pieter J.; Commandeur, Jan N. M.
  • Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, Vol. 3, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1016/S1382-6689(97)00011-2

Determination of haemoglobin adducts of acrylamide and glycidamide in smoking and non-smoking persons of the general population
journal, January 2004

  • Schettgen, Thomas; Rossbach, Bernd; Kütting, Birgitta
  • International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, Vol. 207, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1078/1438-4639-00324

Direct Determination of Glycidyl Esters of Fatty Acids in Vegetable Oils by LC–MS
journal, April 2011

  • Blumhorst, Michael R.; Venkitasubramanian, Padmesh; Collison, Mark W.
  • Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, Vol. 88, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1007/s11746-011-1873-1

Dietary and lifestyle determinants of acrylamide and glycidamide hemoglobin adducts in non-smoking postmenopausal women from the EPIC cohort.
text, January 2017

  • Obón-Santacana, M.; Lujan-Barroso, L.; Freisling, H.
  • Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
  • DOI: 10.17863/cam.9091

Works referencing / citing this record:

A study of digital image analysis on the acrylamide derivative monomers induced apoptosis in rat cerebrum
journal, April 2020

  • Ünver Saraydin, Serpil; Saraydin, Dursun; Şahin İnan, Zeynep Deniz
  • Microscopy Research and Technique, Vol. 83, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23431

A Simple HS-SPME/GC-MS Method for Determination of Acrolein from Sourdough to Bread
journal, August 2019

  • Drakula, Saša; Novotni, Dubravka; Mustač, Nikolina Čukelj
  • Food Analytical Methods, Vol. 12, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01612-6

Furan and Methylfurans in Foods: An Update on Occurrence, Mitigation, and Risk Assessment
journal, February 2019

  • Kettlitz, Beate; Scholz, Gabriele; Theurillat, Viviane
  • Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Vol. 18, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12433