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Title: Core–Shell Microcapsules Containing Flame Retardant Tris(2-chloroethyl phosphate) for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications

Abstract

Flame retardant tris(2-chloroethyl phosphate) (TCP) is successfully encapsulated in core–shell poly(urea-formaldehyde) microcapsules by in situ polymerization. The microcapsules are electrochemically stable in lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery electrolytes and thermally stable to ca. 200 °C. Thermal triggering of these microcapsules at higher temperatures ruptures the shell wall, releasing the liquid core (flame retardant), and NMR spectroscopy confirms the presence of the flame retardant in the electrolyte solution. Li-ion pouch cell experiments demonstrate that microencapsulation of TCP and its incorporation into the battery electrolyte provide latent fire retardants that improve battery safety while maintaining inherent battery performance and cycling capability.

Authors:
 [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [1]
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  1. Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 306 Talbot Laboratory, 104 S. Wright Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Materials Science and Engineering Building, 1304 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Center for Electrical Energy Storage (CEES)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1419828
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1508751
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-06CH11357
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
ACS Omega
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: ACS Omega Journal Volume: 3 Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-1343
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
25 ENERGY STORAGE

Citation Formats

Baginska, Marta, Sottos, Nancy R., and White, Scott R. Core–Shell Microcapsules Containing Flame Retardant Tris(2-chloroethyl phosphate) for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1021/acsomega.7b01950.
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Baginska, Marta, Sottos, Nancy R., & White, Scott R. Core–Shell Microcapsules Containing Flame Retardant Tris(2-chloroethyl phosphate) for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.7b01950
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Baginska, Marta, Sottos, Nancy R., and White, Scott R. Wed . "Core–Shell Microcapsules Containing Flame Retardant Tris(2-chloroethyl phosphate) for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.7b01950.
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@article{osti_1419828,
title = {Core–Shell Microcapsules Containing Flame Retardant Tris(2-chloroethyl phosphate) for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications},
author = {Baginska, Marta and Sottos, Nancy R. and White, Scott R.},
abstractNote = {Flame retardant tris(2-chloroethyl phosphate) (TCP) is successfully encapsulated in core–shell poly(urea-formaldehyde) microcapsules by in situ polymerization. The microcapsules are electrochemically stable in lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery electrolytes and thermally stable to ca. 200 °C. Thermal triggering of these microcapsules at higher temperatures ruptures the shell wall, releasing the liquid core (flame retardant), and NMR spectroscopy confirms the presence of the flame retardant in the electrolyte solution. Li-ion pouch cell experiments demonstrate that microencapsulation of TCP and its incorporation into the battery electrolyte provide latent fire retardants that improve battery safety while maintaining inherent battery performance and cycling capability.},
doi = {10.1021/acsomega.7b01950},
journal = {ACS Omega},
number = 2,
volume = 3,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Feb 07 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Wed Feb 07 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
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Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.7b01950
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Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 24 works
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Figures / Tables:

Figure 1. Figure 1.: Characterization of microcapsules containing TCP. (a) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of microcapsules prepared at 1500 rpm. (b) SEM image of microcapsules prepared at 3000 rpm. (c) Histogram of microcapsules prepared at 1500 rpm. (d) Histogram of microcapsules prepared at 3000 rpm.
All figures and tables (6 total)
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Works referenced in this record:

Comparative study of trimethyl phosphite and trimethyl phosphate as electrolyte additives in lithium ion batteries
journal, June 2005

4-Isopropyl Phenyl Diphenyl Phosphate as Flame-Retardant Additive for Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolyte
journal, January 2005

  • Wang, Qingsong; Sun, Jinhua; Yao, Xiaolin
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Electrochemical performance of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate as a flame-retarding additive for lithium-ion batteries
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Recent advances for microencapsulation of flame retardant
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Methoxyethoxyethoxyphosphazenes as ionic conductive fire retardant additives for lithium battery systems
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Self-healing thermoset using encapsulated epoxy-amine healing chemistry
journal, January 2012

Hexamethylphosphoramide as a flame retarding additive for lithium-ion battery electrolytes
journal, September 2004

Effect of cyclic phosphate additive in non-flammable electrolyte
journal, June 2003

Tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphite as a co-solvent for nonflammable electrolytes in Li-ion batteries
journal, January 2003

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journal, June 2002

Thermal stability of LixCoO2 cathode for lithium ion battery
journal, June 2002

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