Los Angeles megacity: a high-resolution land–atmosphere modelling system for urban CO2 emissions
Abstract
Megacities are major sources of anthropogenic fossil fuel CO2 (FFCO2) emissions. The spatial extents of these large urban systems cover areas of 10 000 km2 or more with complex topography and changing landscapes. We present a high-resolution land–atmosphere modelling system for urban CO2 emissions over the Los Angeles (LA) megacity area. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)-Chem model was coupled to a very high-resolution FFCO2 emission product, Hestia-LA, to simulate atmospheric CO2 concentrations across the LA megacity at spatial resolutions as fine as ~1 km. We evaluated multiple WRF configurations, selecting one that minimized errors in wind speed, wind direction, and boundary layer height as evaluated by its performance against meteorological data collected during the CalNex-LA campaign (May–June 2010). Our results show no significant difference between moderate-resolution (4 km) and high-resolution (1.3 km) simulations when evaluated against surface meteorological data, but the high-resolution configurations better resolved planetary boundary layer heights and vertical gradients in the horizontal mean winds. We coupled our WRF configuration with the Vulcan 2.2 (10 km resolution) and Hestia-LA (1.3 km resolution) fossil fuel CO2 emission products to evaluate the impact of the spatial resolution of the CO2 emission products and the meteorological transport model on the representation ofmore »
- Authors:
-
more »
- Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States); California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States); Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
- Pennsylvania State Univ., State College, PA (United States); California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
- California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
- Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO (United States)
- Pennsylvania State Univ., State College, PA (United States)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena (Germany)
- Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1415960
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online); Journal Volume: 16; Journal Issue: 14; Journal ID: ISSN 1680-7324
- Publisher:
- European Geosciences Union
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Citation Formats
Feng, Sha, Lauvaux, Thomas, Newman, Sally, Rao, Preeti, Ahmadov, Ravan, Deng, Aijun, Diaz-Isaac, Liza I., Duren, Riley M., Fischer, Marc L., Gerbig, Christoph, Gurney, Kevin R., Huang, Jianhua, Jeong, Seongeun, Li, Zhijin, Miller, Charles E., O'Keeffe, Darragh, Patarasuk, Risa, Sander, Stanley P., Song, Yang, Wong, Kam W., and Yung, Yuk L. Los Angeles megacity: a high-resolution land–atmosphere modelling system for urban CO2 emissions. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.5194/acp-16-9019-2016.
Feng, Sha, Lauvaux, Thomas, Newman, Sally, Rao, Preeti, Ahmadov, Ravan, Deng, Aijun, Diaz-Isaac, Liza I., Duren, Riley M., Fischer, Marc L., Gerbig, Christoph, Gurney, Kevin R., Huang, Jianhua, Jeong, Seongeun, Li, Zhijin, Miller, Charles E., O'Keeffe, Darragh, Patarasuk, Risa, Sander, Stanley P., Song, Yang, Wong, Kam W., & Yung, Yuk L. Los Angeles megacity: a high-resolution land–atmosphere modelling system for urban CO2 emissions. United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9019-2016
Feng, Sha, Lauvaux, Thomas, Newman, Sally, Rao, Preeti, Ahmadov, Ravan, Deng, Aijun, Diaz-Isaac, Liza I., Duren, Riley M., Fischer, Marc L., Gerbig, Christoph, Gurney, Kevin R., Huang, Jianhua, Jeong, Seongeun, Li, Zhijin, Miller, Charles E., O'Keeffe, Darragh, Patarasuk, Risa, Sander, Stanley P., Song, Yang, Wong, Kam W., and Yung, Yuk L. Fri .
"Los Angeles megacity: a high-resolution land–atmosphere modelling system for urban CO2 emissions". United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9019-2016. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1415960.
@article{osti_1415960,
title = {Los Angeles megacity: a high-resolution land–atmosphere modelling system for urban CO2 emissions},
author = {Feng, Sha and Lauvaux, Thomas and Newman, Sally and Rao, Preeti and Ahmadov, Ravan and Deng, Aijun and Diaz-Isaac, Liza I. and Duren, Riley M. and Fischer, Marc L. and Gerbig, Christoph and Gurney, Kevin R. and Huang, Jianhua and Jeong, Seongeun and Li, Zhijin and Miller, Charles E. and O'Keeffe, Darragh and Patarasuk, Risa and Sander, Stanley P. and Song, Yang and Wong, Kam W. and Yung, Yuk L.},
abstractNote = {Megacities are major sources of anthropogenic fossil fuel CO2 (FFCO2) emissions. The spatial extents of these large urban systems cover areas of 10 000 km2 or more with complex topography and changing landscapes. We present a high-resolution land–atmosphere modelling system for urban CO2 emissions over the Los Angeles (LA) megacity area. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)-Chem model was coupled to a very high-resolution FFCO2 emission product, Hestia-LA, to simulate atmospheric CO2 concentrations across the LA megacity at spatial resolutions as fine as ~1 km. We evaluated multiple WRF configurations, selecting one that minimized errors in wind speed, wind direction, and boundary layer height as evaluated by its performance against meteorological data collected during the CalNex-LA campaign (May–June 2010). Our results show no significant difference between moderate-resolution (4 km) and high-resolution (1.3 km) simulations when evaluated against surface meteorological data, but the high-resolution configurations better resolved planetary boundary layer heights and vertical gradients in the horizontal mean winds. We coupled our WRF configuration with the Vulcan 2.2 (10 km resolution) and Hestia-LA (1.3 km resolution) fossil fuel CO2 emission products to evaluate the impact of the spatial resolution of the CO2 emission products and the meteorological transport model on the representation of spatiotemporal variability in simulated atmospheric CO2 concentrations. We find that high spatial resolution in the fossil fuel CO2 emissions is more important than in the atmospheric model to capture CO2 concentration variability across the LA megacity. Finally, we present a novel approach that employs simultaneous correlations of the simulated atmospheric CO2 fields to qualitatively evaluate the greenhouse gas measurement network over the LA megacity. Spatial correlations in the atmospheric CO2 fields reflect the coverage of individual measurement sites when a statistically significant number of sites observe emissions from a specific source or location. We conclude that elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations over the LA megacity are composed of multiple fine-scale plumes rather than a single homogenous urban dome. Furthermore, we conclude that FFCO2 emissions monitoring in the LA megacity requires FFCO2 emissions modelling with ~1 km resolution because coarser-resolution emissions modelling tends to overestimate the observational constraints on the emissions estimates.},
doi = {10.5194/acp-16-9019-2016},
journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online)},
number = 14,
volume = 16,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jul 22 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Fri Jul 22 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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Anthropogenic and biogenic CO 2 fluxes in the Boston urban region
journal, July 2018
- Sargent, Maryann; Barrera, Yanina; Nehrkorn, Thomas
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 115, Issue 29
Reducing errors in aircraft atmospheric inversion estimates of point-source emissions: the Aliso Canyon natural gas leak as a natural tracer experiment
journal, March 2018
- Gourdji, S. M.; Yadav, V.; Karion, A.
- Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 13, Issue 4
Assessing fossil fuel CO 2 emissions in California using atmospheric observations and models
journal, May 2018
- Graven, H.; Fischer, M. L.; Lueker, T.
- Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 13, Issue 6
Estimating power plant CO 2 emission using OCO-2 XCO 2 and high resolution WRF-Chem simulations
journal, July 2019
- Zheng, Tao; Nassar, Ray; Baxter, Martin
- Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 8
Assessing Lagrangian inverse modelling of urban anthropogenic CO2 fluxes using in situ aircraft and ground-based measurements in the Tokyo area
journal, May 2019
- Pisso, Ignacio; Patra, Prabir; Takigawa, Masayuki
- Carbon Balance and Management, Vol. 14, Issue 1
Numerical simulation of atmospheric CO2 concentration and flux over the Korean Peninsula using WRF-VPRM model during Korus-AQ 2016 campaign
journal, January 2020
- Park, Changhyoun; Park, Soon-Young; Gurney, Kevin R.
- PLOS ONE, Vol. 15, Issue 1
Carbon dioxide and methane measurements from the Los Angeles Megacity Carbon Project – Part 1: calibration, urban enhancements, and uncertainty estimates
journal, January 2017
- Verhulst, Kristal R.; Karion, Anna; Kim, Jooil
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 13
Impact of physical parameterizations and initial conditions on simulated atmospheric transport and CO2 mole fractions in the US Midwest
journal, January 2018
- Díaz-Isaac, Liza I.; Lauvaux, Thomas; Davis, Kenneth J.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 20
Estimates of CO2 fluxes over the city of Cape Town, South Africa, through Bayesian inverse modelling
journal, January 2018
- Nickless, Alecia; Rayner, Peter J.; Engelbrecht, Francois
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 7
Analysis of temporal and spatial variability of atmospheric CO2 concentration within Paris from the GreenLITE™ laser imaging experiment
journal, January 2019
- Lian, Jinghui; Bréon, François-Marie; Broquet, Grégoire
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 22
Calibration of a multi-physics ensemble for estimating the uncertainty of a greenhouse gas atmospheric transport model
journal, January 2019
- Díaz-Isaac, Liza I.; Lauvaux, Thomas; Bocquet, Marc
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 8
Modelling CO 2 weather – why horizontal resolution matters
journal, January 2019
- Agustí-Panareda, Anna; Diamantakis, Michail; Massart, Sébastien
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 11
An atmospheric inversion over the city of Cape Town: sensitivity analyses
journal, January 2019
- Nickless, Alecia; Rayner, Peter J.; Scholes, Robert J.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 11
The Open-source Data Inventory for Anthropogenic CO 2 , version 2016 (ODIAC2016): a global monthly fossil fuel CO 2 gridded emissions data product for tracer transport simulations and surface flux inversions
journal, January 2018
- Oda, Tomohiro; Maksyutov, Shamil; Andres, Robert J.
- Earth System Science Data, Vol. 10, Issue 1
The Hestia fossil fuel CO2 emissions data product for the Los Angeles megacity (Hestia-LA)
journal, January 2019
- Gurney, Kevin R.; Patarasuk, Risa; Liang, Jianming
- Earth System Science Data, Vol. 11, Issue 3
A Lagrangian approach towards extracting signals of urban CO2 emissions from satellite observations of atmospheric column CO2 (XCO2): X-Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport model (“X-STILT v1”)
journal, January 2018
- Wu, Dien; Lin, John C.; Fasoli, Benjamin
- Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 11, Issue 12
The Canadian atmospheric transport model for simulating greenhouse gas evolution on regional scales: GEM–MACH–GHG v.137-reg
journal, January 2020
- Kim, Jinwoong; Polavarapu, Saroja M.; Chan, Douglas
- Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 13, Issue 1
Spatio‐temporally Resolved Methane Fluxes From the Los Angeles Megacity
journal, May 2019
- Yadav, Vineet; Duren, Riley; Mueller, Kim
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 124, Issue 9
Spaceborne detection of localized carbon dioxide sources
journal, October 2017
- Schwandner, Florian M.; Gunson, Michael R.; Miller, Charles E.
- Science, Vol. 358, Issue 6360
Characterizing uncertainties in atmospheric inversions of fossil fuel CO2 emissions in California
journal, January 2019
- Brophy, Kieran; Graven, Heather; Manning, Alistair J.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 5
Carbon dioxide and methane measurements from the Los Angeles Megacity Carbon Project – Part 1: calibration, urban enhancements, and uncertainty estimates
journal, January 2017
- Verhulst, Kristal R.; Karion, Anna; Kim, Jooil
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 13