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Title: Nonlinear optical selection rule based on valley-exciton locking in monolayer ws2

Journal Article · · Light, Science & Applications
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [3]
  1. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC)
  2. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Material Sciences Division
  3. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Material Sciences Division; King Abdulaziz Univ., Jeddah (Saudi Arabia). Dept. of Physics

Optical selection rules fundamentally determine the optical transitions between energy states in a variety of physical systems, from hydrogen atoms to bulk crystals such as gallium arsenide. These rules are important for optoelectronic applications such as lasers, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and quantum computation. Recently, single-layer transition metal dichalcogenides have been found to exhibit valleys in momentum space with nontrivial Berry curvature and excitons with large binding energy. However, there has been little study of how the unique valley degree of freedom combined with the strong excitonic effect influences the nonlinear optical excitation. Here in this paper, we report the discovery of nonlinear optical selection rules in monolayer WS2, an important candidate for visible 2D optoelectronics because of its high quantum yield and large direct bandgap. We experimentally demonstrated this principle for second-harmonic generation and two-photon luminescence (TPL). Moreover, the circularly polarized TPL and the study of its dynamics evince a sub-ps interexciton relaxation (2p → 1s). The discovery of this new optical selection rule in a valleytronic 2D system not only considerably enhances knowledge in this area but also establishes a foundation for the control of optical transitions that will be crucial for valley optoelectronic device applications such as 2D valley-polarized THz sources with 2p-1s transitions, optical switches, and coherent control for quantum computing.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Light-Material Interactions in Energy Conversion (LMI)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231; SC0001293
OSTI ID:
1415947
Journal Information:
Light, Science & Applications, Vol. 4, Issue 12; ISSN 2047-7538
Publisher:
Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 91 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Nonlinear Optics with 2D Layered Materials journal March 2018
Nonlinear optics of two‐dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides journal July 2019
Ultrahigh-resolution nonlinear optical imaging of the armchair orientation in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides journal January 2018
Valleytronics in 2D materials journal August 2016
Excitation to defect-bound band edge states in two-dimensional semiconductors and its effect on carrier transport journal January 2019
Coherent steering of nonlinear chiral valley photons with a synthetic Au–WS2 metasurface journal April 2019
Giant nonreciprocal second-harmonic generation from antiferromagnetic bilayer CrI3 journal July 2019
Second-harmonic optical vortex conversion from WS2 monolayer journal June 2019
Adsorbing the magnetic superhalogen MnCl 3 to realize intriguing half-metallic and spin-gapless-semiconducting behavior in zigzag or armchair SiC nanoribbon journal January 2018
Technique and model for modifying the saturable absorption (SA) properties of 2D nanofilms by considering interband exciton recombination journal January 2018
Tight-binding modeling of excitonic response in van der Waals stacked 2D semiconductors journal January 2019
Ultrafast charge transfer in MoS 2 /WSe 2 p–n Heterojunction journal May 2016
Electronic structure-dependent magneto-optical Raman effect in atomically thin WS 2 journal June 2018
Quantum-enhanced tunable spin-valley dependent excitonic second harmonic generation in molybdenum disulfide quantum dots journal November 2019
Multiple-peak resonance of optical second harmonic generation arising from band nesting in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides T X 2 on Si O 2 / Si ( 001 ) substrates ( T = Mo , W ; X = S , Se ) journal August 2019
Optical nonlinearities of excitons in monolayer MoS 2 journal April 2018
Temperature-driven evolution of critical points, interlayer coupling, and layer polarization in bilayer Mo S 2 journal April 2018
Two-photon absorption in two-dimensional materials: The case of hexagonal boron nitride journal October 2018
Chiral selection rules for multi-photon processes in two-dimensional honeycomb materials journal January 2019
Layer-modulated two-photon absorption in MoS 2 : probing the shift of the excitonic dark state and band-edge journal January 2019
Excitons in atomically thin 2D semiconductors and their applications journal June 2017
Second harmonic imaging of plasmonic Pancharatnam-Berry phase metasurfaces coupled to monolayers of WS2 journal February 2020
Second-harmonic imaging of plasmonic Pancharatnam-Berry phase metasurfaces coupled to monolayers of WS2 text January 2020