Observation of topological nodal fermion semimetal phase in ZrSiS

Neupane, Madhab; Belopolski, Ilya; Hosen, M. Mofazzel; Sanchez, Daniel S.; Sankar, Raman; Szlawska, Maria; Xu, Su-Yang; Dimitri, Klauss; Dhakal, Nagendra; Maldonado, Pablo; Oppeneer, Peter M.; Kaczorowski, Dariusz; Chou, Fangcheng; Hasan, M. Zahid; Durakiewicz, Tomasz

doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.93.201104

Title: Observation of topological nodal fermion semimetal phase in ZrSiS

Abstract

We present that unveiling new topological phases of matter is one of the current objectives in condensed matter physics. Recent experimental discoveries of Dirac and Weyl semimetals prompt the search for other exotic phases of matter. Here we present a systematic angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of ZrSiS, a prime topological nodal semimetal candidate. Our wider Brillouin zone (BZ) mapping shows multiple Fermi surface pockets such as the diamond-shaped Fermi surface, elliptical-shaped Fermi surface, and a small electron pocket encircling at the zone center (Γ) point, the M point, and the X point of the BZ, respectively. We experimentally establish the spinless nodal fermion semimetal phase in ZrSiS, which is supported by our first-principles calculations. Our findings evidence that the ZrSiS-type of material family is a new platform on which to explore exotic states of quantum matter; these materials are expected to provide an avenue for engineering two-dimensional topological insulator systems.

Authors:

Neupane, Madhab ^[1]; Belopolski, Ilya ^[2]; Hosen, M. Mofazzel ^[1]; Sanchez, Daniel S. ^[2]; Sankar, Raman ^[3]; Szlawska, Maria ^[4]; Xu, Su-Yang ^[2]; Dimitri, Klauss ^[1]; Dhakal, Nagendra ^[1]; Maldonado, Pablo ^[5]; Oppeneer, Peter M. ^[5]; Kaczorowski, Dariusz ^[4]; Chou, Fangcheng ^[3]; Hasan, M. Zahid ^[2]; Durakiewicz, Tomasz ^[6]

Univ. of Central Florida, Orlando, FL (United States)
Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)
National Taiwan University (Taiwan)
Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences (Poland)
Uppsala University (Sweden)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed May 11 00:00:00 EDT 2016

Research Org.:: Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program

OSTI Identifier:: 1415375

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-17-22209
Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950; TRN: US1800777

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review B

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 93; Journal Issue: 20; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY

Citation Formats


                    Neupane, Madhab, Belopolski, Ilya, Hosen, M. Mofazzel, Sanchez, Daniel S., Sankar, Raman, Szlawska, Maria, Xu, Su-Yang, Dimitri, Klauss, Dhakal, Nagendra, Maldonado, Pablo, Oppeneer, Peter M., Kaczorowski, Dariusz, Chou, Fangcheng, Hasan, M. Zahid, and Durakiewicz, Tomasz. Observation of topological nodal fermion semimetal phase in ZrSiS.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.93.201104.

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                    Neupane, Madhab, Belopolski, Ilya, Hosen, M. Mofazzel, Sanchez, Daniel S., Sankar, Raman, Szlawska, Maria, Xu, Su-Yang, Dimitri, Klauss, Dhakal, Nagendra, Maldonado, Pablo, Oppeneer, Peter M., Kaczorowski, Dariusz, Chou, Fangcheng, Hasan, M. Zahid, & Durakiewicz, Tomasz. Observation of topological nodal fermion semimetal phase in ZrSiS.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.93.201104

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                    Neupane, Madhab, Belopolski, Ilya, Hosen, M. Mofazzel, Sanchez, Daniel S., Sankar, Raman, Szlawska, Maria, Xu, Su-Yang, Dimitri, Klauss, Dhakal, Nagendra, Maldonado, Pablo, Oppeneer, Peter M., Kaczorowski, Dariusz, Chou, Fangcheng, Hasan, M. Zahid, and Durakiewicz, Tomasz. Wed .  
"Observation of topological nodal fermion semimetal phase in ZrSiS".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.93.201104.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1415375.

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@article{osti_1415375,

  title        = {Observation of topological nodal fermion semimetal phase in ZrSiS},

  author       = {Neupane, Madhab and Belopolski, Ilya and Hosen, M. Mofazzel and Sanchez, Daniel S. and Sankar, Raman and Szlawska, Maria and Xu, Su-Yang and Dimitri, Klauss and Dhakal, Nagendra and Maldonado, Pablo and Oppeneer, Peter M. and Kaczorowski, Dariusz and Chou, Fangcheng and Hasan, M. Zahid and Durakiewicz, Tomasz},

  abstractNote = {We present that unveiling new topological phases of matter is one of the current objectives in condensed matter physics. Recent experimental discoveries of Dirac and Weyl semimetals prompt the search for other exotic phases of matter. Here we present a systematic angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of ZrSiS, a prime topological nodal semimetal candidate. Our wider Brillouin zone (BZ) mapping shows multiple Fermi surface pockets such as the diamond-shaped Fermi surface, elliptical-shaped Fermi surface, and a small electron pocket encircling at the zone center (Γ) point, the M point, and the X point of the BZ, respectively. We experimentally establish the spinless nodal fermion semimetal phase in ZrSiS, which is supported by our first-principles calculations. Our findings evidence that the ZrSiS-type of material family is a new platform on which to explore exotic states of quantum matter; these materials are expected to provide an avenue for engineering two-dimensional topological insulator systems.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevB.93.201104},

  journal      = {Physical Review B},

  number       = 20,

  volume       = 93,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed May 11 00:00:00 EDT 2016},

  month        = {Wed May 11 00:00:00 EDT 2016}

}

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Khokhlov, D. A.; Rakhmanov, A. L.; Rozhkov, A. V.
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Mirror Protected Multiple Nodal Line Semimetals and Material Realization
text, January 2018

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Cai, Jin; Xie, Yuee; Chang, Po-Yao
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Weak Localization and Antilocalization in Nodal-Line Semimetals: Dimensionality and Topological Effects
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Chen, Wei; Lu, Hai-Zhou; Zilberberg, Oded
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Quasiparticle Properties under Interactions in Weyl and Nodal Line Semimetals
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Mikitik, G. P.; Sharlai, Yu. V.
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Highly anisotropic interlayer magnetoresistance in ZrSiS nodal-line Dirac semimetal
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Novak, M.; Zhang, S. N.; Orbanic, F.
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Origin of the butterfly magnetoresistance in a Dirac nodal-line system
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Chiu, Y. -C.; Chen, K. -W.; Schönemann, R.
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Extreme Ultraviolet Time- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy with 21.5 meV Resolution using High-Order Harmonic Generation from a Turn-Key Yb:KGW Amplifier
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Liu, Yangyang; Beetar, John E.; Hosen, Md Mofazzel
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Effect of mechanical strain on the optical properties of nodal-line semimetal ZrSiS
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Zhou, Weiqing; Rudenko, A. N.; Yuan, Shengjun
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Magneto-optical probe of the fully gapped Dirac band in ZrSiS
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Uykur, E.; Maulana, L. Z.; Schoop, L. M.
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Angle-dependent magnetoresistance and its implications for Lifshitz transition in W2As3
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Wang, Jialu; Yang, Haiyang; Ding, Linchao
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Title: Observation of topological nodal fermion semimetal phase in ZrSiS

Abstract

Citation Formats

Criteria for Directly Detecting Topological Fermi Arcs in Weyl Semimetals journal, February 2016

Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple journal, October 1996

Topological insulators and superconductors journal, October 2011

Three-dimensional Dirac semimetal and quantum transport in Cd 3 As 2 journal, September 2013

Tunable line node semimetals journal, September 2014

Topological nodal-line fermions in spin-orbit metal PbTaSe2 journal, February 2016

Classification of stable three-dimensional Dirac semimetals with nontrivial topology journal, September 2014

Ab initio molecular dynamics for open-shell transition metals journal, November 1993

Colloquium: Topological insulators journal, November 2010

Observation of quantum-tunnelling-modulated spin texture in ultrathin topological insulator Bi2Se3 films journal, May 2014

Observation of a three-dimensional topological Dirac semimetal phase in high-mobility Cd3As2 journal, May 2014

Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set journal, October 1996

From ultrasoft pseudopotentials to the projector augmented-wave method journal, January 1999

Observation of a large-gap topological-insulator class with a single Dirac cone on the surface journal, May 2009

Weyl Semimetal in a Topological Insulator Multilayer journal, September 2011

Surface electronic structure of the topological Kondo-insulator candidate correlated electron system SmB6 journal, December 2013

Two-dimensional oxide topological insulator with iron-pnictide superconductor LiFeAs structure journal, November 2015

Chern Semimetal and the Quantized Anomalous Hall Effect in HgCr 2 Se 4 journal, October 2011

Topological Crystalline Insulators journal, March 2011

Non-Kondo-like Electronic Structure in the Correlated Rare-Earth Hexaboride Y b B 6 journal, January 2015

Weyl Semimetal Phase in Noncentrosymmetric Transition-Metal Monophosphides journal, March 2015

Discovery of a Weyl fermion semimetal and topological Fermi arcs journal, July 2015

Topological node-line semimetal in three-dimensional graphene networks journal, July 2015

Dirac Semimetals in Two Dimensions journal, September 2015

Topological nodal semimetals journal, December 2011

Main Group Element Size and Substitution Effects on the Structural Dimensionality of Zirconium Tellurides of the ZrSiS Type journal, October 1995

Strong Anisotropy of Dirac Cones in SrMnBi2 and CaMnBi2 Revealed by Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy journal, June 2014

Dirac Line Nodes in Inversion-Symmetric Crystals journal, July 2015

Topological insulators, topological superconductors and Weyl fermion semimetals: discoveries, perspectives and outlooks journal, September 2015

Anisotropic Dirac Fermions in a Bi Square Net of SrMnBi 2 journal, September 2011

A new form of Ca 3 P 2 with a ring of Dirac nodes journal, August 2015

Topological semimetal and Fermi-arc surface states in the electronic structure of pyrochlore iridates journal, May 2011

Anisotropic Dirac electronic structures of A MnBi 2 ( A = Sr ,Ca) journal, June 2013

A Weyl Fermion semimetal with surface Fermi arcs in the transition metal monopnictide TaAs class journal, June 2015

Weyl Semimetal in a Topological Insulator Multilayer text, January 2011

Non-Kondo-like Electronic Structure in the Correlated Rare-Earth Hexaboride YbB$_6$ text, January 2014

Discovery of a Weyl Fermion Semimetal and Topological Fermi Arcs text, January 2015

Experimental discovery of Weyl semimetal TaAs text, January 2015

Dirac Semimetals in Two Dimensions text, January 2015

Surface Nonlinear Optics on Centrosymmetric Dirac Nodal‐Line Semimetal ZrSiS journal, November 2019

Evidence of Both Surface and Bulk Dirac Bands and Anisotropic Nonsaturating Magnetoresistance in ZrSiS journal, August 2016

Effect of Mechanical Strain on the Optical Properties of Nodal‐Line Semimetal ZrSiS journal, November 2019

Magnetic Susceptibility of Topological Semimetals journal, August 2019

Topological quantum catalyst: Dirac nodal line states and a potential electrocatalyst of hydrogen evolution in the TiSi family journal, December 2017

Thermoelectric quantum oscillations in ZrSiS journal, May 2017

Experimental realization of two-dimensional Dirac nodal line fermions in monolayer Cu2Si journal, October 2017

Distinct multiple fermionic states in a single topological metal journal, August 2018

Quasiparticle interference and nonsymmorphic effect on a floating band surface state of ZrSiSe journal, October 2018

Weyl-like points from band inversions of spin-polarised surface states in NbGeSb journal, December 2019

Multi-loop node line states in ternary MgSrSi-type crystals journal, January 2019

Observation of Dirac-like energy band and ring-torus Fermi surface associated with the nodal line in topological insulator CaAgAs journal, January 2018

Discovery of topological nodal-line fermionic phase in a magnetic material GdSbTe journal, September 2018

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Quasiparticle Properties under Interactions in Weyl and Nodal Line Semimetals journal, February 2019

Ultrasonic nodal chains in topological granular metamaterials journal, December 2019

Crystal growth of Dirac semimetal ZrSiS with high magnetoresistance and mobility journal, January 2017

Nodal-chain network, intersecting nodal rings and triple points coexisting in nonsymmorphic Ba 3 Si 4 journal, January 2018

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Extreme ultraviolet time- and angle-resolved photoemission setup with 21.5 meV resolution using high-order harmonic generation from a turn-key Yb:KGW amplifier journal, January 2020

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Dowsing for nodal lines in a topological semimetal journal, December 2018

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Magnetic field induced metal–insulator transition in single nodal ring topological semimetals journal, June 2018

Magnetic impurity in topological nodal loop semimetals journal, October 2018

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Non-symmorphic band degeneracy at the Fermi level in ZrSiTe journal, December 2016

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Impurity-induced resonant states in topological nodal-line semimetals journal, November 2019

Quasiparticle interference in ZrSiS: Strongly band-selective scattering depending on impurity lattice site journal, November 2017

Dirac state in a centrosymmetric superconductor α − PdBi 2 journal, April 2018

Floquet Weyl semimetals in light-irradiated type-II and hybrid line-node semimetals journal, April 2018

Quantum anomalies in nodal line semimetals journal, April 2018

Criteria for Directly Detecting Topological Fermi Arcs in Weyl Semimetals
journal, February 2016

Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple
journal, October 1996

Topological insulators and superconductors
journal, October 2011

Three-dimensional Dirac semimetal and quantum transport in Cd $_{3}$ As $_{2}$
journal, September 2013

Tunable line node semimetals
journal, September 2014

Topological nodal-line fermions in spin-orbit metal PbTaSe2
journal, February 2016

Classification of stable three-dimensional Dirac semimetals with nontrivial topology
journal, September 2014

Ab initio molecular dynamics for open-shell transition metals
journal, November 1993

Colloquium: Topological insulators
journal, November 2010

Observation of quantum-tunnelling-modulated spin texture in ultrathin topological insulator Bi2Se3 films
journal, May 2014

Observation of a three-dimensional topological Dirac semimetal phase in high-mobility Cd3As2
journal, May 2014

Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set
journal, October 1996

From ultrasoft pseudopotentials to the projector augmented-wave method
journal, January 1999

Observation of a large-gap topological-insulator class with a single Dirac cone on the surface
journal, May 2009

Weyl Semimetal in a Topological Insulator Multilayer
journal, September 2011

Surface electronic structure of the topological Kondo-insulator candidate correlated electron system SmB6
journal, December 2013

Two-dimensional oxide topological insulator with iron-pnictide superconductor LiFeAs structure
journal, November 2015

Chern Semimetal and the Quantized Anomalous Hall Effect in ${HgCr}_{2} {Se}_{4}$
journal, October 2011

Topological Crystalline Insulators
journal, March 2011

Non-Kondo-like Electronic Structure in the Correlated Rare-Earth Hexaboride ${Y b B}_{6}$
journal, January 2015

Weyl Semimetal Phase in Noncentrosymmetric Transition-Metal Monophosphides
journal, March 2015

Discovery of a Weyl fermion semimetal and topological Fermi arcs
journal, July 2015

Topological node-line semimetal in three-dimensional graphene networks
journal, July 2015

Dirac Semimetals in Two Dimensions
journal, September 2015

Topological nodal semimetals
journal, December 2011

Main Group Element Size and Substitution Effects on the Structural Dimensionality of Zirconium Tellurides of the ZrSiS Type
journal, October 1995

Strong Anisotropy of Dirac Cones in SrMnBi2 and CaMnBi2 Revealed by Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy
journal, June 2014

Dirac Line Nodes in Inversion-Symmetric Crystals
journal, July 2015

Topological insulators, topological superconductors and Weyl fermion semimetals: discoveries, perspectives and outlooks
journal, September 2015

Anisotropic Dirac Fermions in a Bi Square Net of ${SrMnBi}_{2}$
journal, September 2011

A new form of Ca ₃ P ₂ with a ring of Dirac nodes
journal, August 2015

Topological semimetal and Fermi-arc surface states in the electronic structure of pyrochlore iridates
journal, May 2011

Anisotropic Dirac electronic structures of $A$ MnBi $_{2}$ ( $A = Sr$ ,Ca)
journal, June 2013

A Weyl Fermion semimetal with surface Fermi arcs in the transition metal monopnictide TaAs class
journal, June 2015

Weyl Semimetal in a Topological Insulator Multilayer
text, January 2011

Non-Kondo-like Electronic Structure in the Correlated Rare-Earth Hexaboride YbB$_6$
text, January 2014

Discovery of a Weyl Fermion Semimetal and Topological Fermi Arcs
text, January 2015

Experimental discovery of Weyl semimetal TaAs
text, January 2015

Dirac Semimetals in Two Dimensions
text, January 2015

Surface Nonlinear Optics on Centrosymmetric Dirac Nodal‐Line Semimetal ZrSiS
journal, November 2019

Evidence of Both Surface and Bulk Dirac Bands and Anisotropic Nonsaturating Magnetoresistance in ZrSiS
journal, August 2016

Effect of Mechanical Strain on the Optical Properties of Nodal‐Line Semimetal ZrSiS
journal, November 2019

Magnetic Susceptibility of Topological Semimetals
journal, August 2019

Topological quantum catalyst: Dirac nodal line states and a potential electrocatalyst of hydrogen evolution in the TiSi family
journal, December 2017

Thermoelectric quantum oscillations in ZrSiS
journal, May 2017

Experimental realization of two-dimensional Dirac nodal line fermions in monolayer Cu2Si
journal, October 2017

Distinct multiple fermionic states in a single topological metal
journal, August 2018

Quasiparticle interference and nonsymmorphic effect on a floating band surface state of ZrSiSe
journal, October 2018

Weyl-like points from band inversions of spin-polarised surface states in NbGeSb
journal, December 2019

Multi-loop node line states in ternary MgSrSi-type crystals
journal, January 2019

Observation of Dirac-like energy band and ring-torus Fermi surface associated with the nodal line in topological insulator CaAgAs
journal, January 2018

Discovery of topological nodal-line fermionic phase in a magnetic material GdSbTe
journal, September 2018

Emergence of Topological insulator and Nodal line semi-metal states in XX′Bi (X = Na, K, Rb, Cs; X′ = Ca, Sr)
journal, January 2019

Quasiparticle Properties under Interactions in Weyl and Nodal Line Semimetals
journal, February 2019

Ultrasonic nodal chains in topological granular metamaterials
journal, December 2019

Crystal growth of Dirac semimetal ZrSiS with high magnetoresistance and mobility
journal, January 2017

Nodal-chain network, intersecting nodal rings and triple points coexisting in nonsymmorphic Ba ₃ Si ₄
journal, January 2018

Fundamental insights to topological quantum materials: A real-space view of 13 cases by supersymmetry of valence bonds approach
journal, March 2019

Visualizing Dirac nodal-line band structure of topological semimetal ZrGeSe by ARPES
journal, May 2019

Extreme ultraviolet time- and angle-resolved photoemission setup with 21.5 meV resolution using high-order harmonic generation from a turn-key Yb:KGW amplifier
journal, January 2020

Out-of-plane transport in ZrSiS and ZrSiSe microstructures
journal, October 2019

Dowsing for nodal lines in a topological semimetal
journal, December 2018

Symmetry demanded topological nodal-line materials
journal, January 2018

Magnetic field induced metal–insulator transition in single nodal ring topological semimetals
journal, June 2018

Magnetic impurity in topological nodal loop semimetals
journal, October 2018

Emergence of topological phases by stacking of two-dimensional lattices with nonsymmorphic symmetry
journal, December 2018

Tip-induced superconductivity coexisting with preserved topological properties in line-nodal semimetal ZrSiS
journal, September 2019

Non-symmorphic band degeneracy at the Fermi level in ZrSiTe
journal, December 2016

New type of hybrid nodal line semimetal in Be ₂ Si
journal, March 2019

Highly anisotropic interlayer magnetoresitance in ZrSiS nodal-line Dirac semimetal
journal, August 2019

Origin of the butterfly magnetoresistance in a Dirac nodal-line system
journal, September 2019

Electron-phonon coupling and Kohn anomaly due to floating two-dimensional electronic bands on the surface of ZrSiS
journal, November 2019

Impurity-induced resonant states in topological nodal-line semimetals
journal, November 2019

Quasiparticle interference in ZrSiS: Strongly band-selective scattering depending on impurity lattice site
journal, November 2017

Dirac state in a centrosymmetric superconductor $α − {PdBi}_{2}$
journal, April 2018

Floquet Weyl semimetals in light-irradiated type-II and hybrid line-node semimetals
journal, April 2018

Quantum anomalies in nodal line semimetals
journal, April 2018

Quantum coherence in a compass chain under an alternating magnetic field
journal, June 2018

Observation of a Dirac nodal line in ${AlB}_{2}$
journal, July 2018

Topological phase with a critical-type nodal line state in intermetallic CaPd
journal, August 2018