Extraction of the neutron electric form factor from measurements of inclusive double spin asymmetries

Sulkosky, V.; Jin, G.; Long, E.; Zhang, Y. -W.; Mihovilovic, M.; Kelleher, A.; Anderson, B.; Higinbotham, D. W.; Širca, S.; Allada, K.; Annand, J. R.  M.; Averett, T.; Bertozzi, W.; Boeglin, W.; Bradshaw, P.; Camsonne, A.; Canan, M.; Cates, G. D.; Chen, C.; Chen, J. -P.; Chudakov, E.; De Leo, R.; Deng, X.; Deur, A.; Dutta, C.; El Fassi, L.; Flay, D.; Frullani, S.; Garibaldi, F.; Gao, H.; Gilad, S.; Gilman, R.; Glamazdin, O.; Golge, S.; Gomez, J.; Hansen, J. -O.; Holmstrom, T.; Huang, J.; Ibrahim, H.; de Jager, C. W.; Jensen, E.; Jiang, X.; Jones, M.; Kang, H.; Katich, J.; Khanal, H. P.; King, P.; Korsch, W.; LeRose, J.; Lindgren, R.; Lu, H. -J.; Luo, W.; Markowitz, P.; Meekins, D.; Meziane, M.; Michaels, R.; Moffit, B.; Monaghan, P.; Muangma, N.; Nanda, S.; Norum, B. E.; Pan, K.; Parno, D.; Piasetzky, E.; Posik, M.; Punjabi, V.; Puckett, A. J.  R.; Qian, X.; Qiang, Y.; Qui, X.; Riordan, S.; Saha, A.; Sawatzky, B.; Shabestari, M.; Shahinyan, A.; Shoenrock, B.; John, J. St.; Subedi, R.; Tobias, W. A.; Tireman, W.; Urciuoli, G. M.; Wang, D.; Wang, K.; Wang, Y.; Watson, J.; Wojtsekhowski, B.; Ye, Z.; Zhan, X.; Zhang, Y.; Zheng, X.; Zhao, B.; Zhu, L.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.96.065206

Title: Extraction of the neutron electric form factor from measurements of inclusive double spin asymmetries

Abstract

Background: Measurements of the neutron charge form factor, G$$n\atop{E}$$, are challenging because the neutron has no net charge. Additionally, measurements of the neutron form factors must use nuclear targets which require accurately accounting for nuclear effects. Extracting G$$n\atop{E}$$ with different targets and techniques provides an important test of our handling of these effects. Purpose: The goal of the measurement was to use an inclusive asymmetry measurement technique to extract the neutron charge form factor at a four-momentum transfer of 1 (GeV/c)². This technique has very different systematic uncertainties than traditional exclusive measurements and thus serves as an independent check of whether nuclear effects have been taken into account correctly. Method: The inclusive quasielastic reaction ³$$→\atop{He}$$ ($$→\atop{e}$$, e') was measured at Jefferson Laboratory. The neutron electric form factor, G$$n\atop{E}$$, was extracted at Q² = 0.98 ( GeV/c)² from ratios of electron-polarization asymmetries measured for two orthogonal target spin orientations. This Q² is high enough that the sensitivity to G$$n\atop{E}$$ is not overwhelmed by the neutron magnetic contribution, and yet low enough that explicit neutron detection is not required to suppress pion production. Results: The neutron electric form factor, G$$n\atop{E}$$, was determined to be 0.0414 ± 0.0077 ( stat ) ± 0.0022 ( syst ), providing the first high-precision inclusive extraction of the neutron's charge form factor. In conclusion: The use of the inclusive quasielastic ³$$→\atop{He}$$ ($$→\atop{e}$$, e') with a four-momentum transfer near 1 (GeV/c)² has been used to provide a unique measurement of G$$n\atop{E}$$. This new result provides a systematically independent validation of the exclusive extraction technique results and implies that the nuclear corrections are understood. This is contrary to the proton form factor where asymmetry and differential cross section measurements have been shown to have large systematic differences.

Authors:: Sulkosky, V.; Jin, G.; Long, E.; Zhang, Y. -W.; Mihovilovic, M.; Kelleher, A.; Anderson, B.; Higinbotham, D. W.; Širca, S.; Allada, K.; Annand, J. R. M.; Averett, T.; Bertozzi, W.; Boeglin, W.; Bradshaw, P.; Camsonne, A.; Canan, M.; Cates, G. D.; Chen, C.; Chen, J. -P. more »« less

Publication Date:: 2017-12-26

Research Org.:: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States); Mississippi State Univ., Mississippi State, MS (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Contributing Org.:: Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration

OSTI Identifier:: 1415354

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1414851; OSTI ID: 1604273

Report Number(s):: JLAB-PHY-17-2480; DOE/OR/-23177-4155; arXiv:1704.06253
Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9985; PRVCAN; TRN: US1800770

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-06OR23177; FG02-07ER41528

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review C

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 96; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9985

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; Photonuclear reactions; Neutrons

Citation Formats


                    Sulkosky, V., Jin, G., Long, E., Zhang, Y. -W., Mihovilovic, M., Kelleher, A., Anderson, B., Higinbotham, D. W., Širca, S., Allada, K., Annand, J. R.  M., Averett, T., Bertozzi, W., Boeglin, W., Bradshaw, P., Camsonne, A., Canan, M., Cates, G. D., Chen, C., Chen, J. -P., Chudakov, E., De Leo, R., Deng, X., Deur, A., Dutta, C., El Fassi, L., Flay, D., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Gao, H., Gilad, S., Gilman, R., Glamazdin, O., Golge, S., Gomez, J., Hansen, J. -O., Holmstrom, T., Huang, J., Ibrahim, H., de Jager, C. W., Jensen, E., Jiang, X., Jones, M., Kang, H., Katich, J., Khanal, H. P., King, P., Korsch, W., LeRose, J., Lindgren, R., Lu, H. -J., Luo, W., Markowitz, P., Meekins, D., Meziane, M., Michaels, R., Moffit, B., Monaghan, P., Muangma, N., Nanda, S., Norum, B. E., Pan, K., Parno, D., Piasetzky, E., Posik, M., Punjabi, V., Puckett, A. J.  R., Qian, X., Qiang, Y., Qui, X., Riordan, S., Saha, A., Sawatzky, B., Shabestari, M., Shahinyan, A., Shoenrock, B., John, J. St., Subedi, R., Tobias, W. A., Tireman, W., Urciuoli, G. M., Wang, D., Wang, K., Wang, Y., Watson, J., Wojtsekhowski, B., Ye, Z., Zhan, X., Zhang, Y., Zheng, X., Zhao, B., and Zhu, L.. Extraction of the neutron electric form factor from measurements of inclusive double spin asymmetries.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.96.065206.

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                    Sulkosky, V., Jin, G., Long, E., Zhang, Y. -W., Mihovilovic, M., Kelleher, A., Anderson, B., Higinbotham, D. W., Širca, S., Allada, K., Annand, J. R.  M., Averett, T., Bertozzi, W., Boeglin, W., Bradshaw, P., Camsonne, A., Canan, M., Cates, G. D., Chen, C., Chen, J. -P., Chudakov, E., De Leo, R., Deng, X., Deur, A., Dutta, C., El Fassi, L., Flay, D., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Gao, H., Gilad, S., Gilman, R., Glamazdin, O., Golge, S., Gomez, J., Hansen, J. -O., Holmstrom, T., Huang, J., Ibrahim, H., de Jager, C. W., Jensen, E., Jiang, X., Jones, M., Kang, H., Katich, J., Khanal, H. P., King, P., Korsch, W., LeRose, J., Lindgren, R., Lu, H. -J., Luo, W., Markowitz, P., Meekins, D., Meziane, M., Michaels, R., Moffit, B., Monaghan, P., Muangma, N., Nanda, S., Norum, B. E., Pan, K., Parno, D., Piasetzky, E., Posik, M., Punjabi, V., Puckett, A. J.  R., Qian, X., Qiang, Y., Qui, X., Riordan, S., Saha, A., Sawatzky, B., Shabestari, M., Shahinyan, A., Shoenrock, B., John, J. St., Subedi, R., Tobias, W. A., Tireman, W., Urciuoli, G. M., Wang, D., Wang, K., Wang, Y., Watson, J., Wojtsekhowski, B., Ye, Z., Zhan, X., Zhang, Y., Zheng, X., Zhao, B., & Zhu, L.. Extraction of the neutron electric form factor from measurements of inclusive double spin asymmetries.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.96.065206

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                    Sulkosky, V., Jin, G., Long, E., Zhang, Y. -W., Mihovilovic, M., Kelleher, A., Anderson, B., Higinbotham, D. W., Širca, S., Allada, K., Annand, J. R.  M., Averett, T., Bertozzi, W., Boeglin, W., Bradshaw, P., Camsonne, A., Canan, M., Cates, G. D., Chen, C., Chen, J. -P., Chudakov, E., De Leo, R., Deng, X., Deur, A., Dutta, C., El Fassi, L., Flay, D., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Gao, H., Gilad, S., Gilman, R., Glamazdin, O., Golge, S., Gomez, J., Hansen, J. -O., Holmstrom, T., Huang, J., Ibrahim, H., de Jager, C. W., Jensen, E., Jiang, X., Jones, M., Kang, H., Katich, J., Khanal, H. P., King, P., Korsch, W., LeRose, J., Lindgren, R., Lu, H. -J., Luo, W., Markowitz, P., Meekins, D., Meziane, M., Michaels, R., Moffit, B., Monaghan, P., Muangma, N., Nanda, S., Norum, B. E., Pan, K., Parno, D., Piasetzky, E., Posik, M., Punjabi, V., Puckett, A. J.  R., Qian, X., Qiang, Y., Qui, X., Riordan, S., Saha, A., Sawatzky, B., Shabestari, M., Shahinyan, A., Shoenrock, B., John, J. St., Subedi, R., Tobias, W. A., Tireman, W., Urciuoli, G. M., Wang, D., Wang, K., Wang, Y., Watson, J., Wojtsekhowski, B., Ye, Z., Zhan, X., Zhang, Y., Zheng, X., Zhao, B., and Zhu, L.. Tue .  
"Extraction of the neutron electric form factor from measurements of inclusive double spin asymmetries".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.96.065206.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1415354.

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@article{osti_1415354,

  title        = {Extraction of the neutron electric form factor from measurements of inclusive double spin asymmetries},

  author       = {Sulkosky, V. and Jin, G. and Long, E. and Zhang, Y. -W. and Mihovilovic, M. and Kelleher, A. and Anderson, B. and Higinbotham, D. W. and Širca, S. and Allada, K. and Annand, J. R.  M. and Averett, T. and Bertozzi, W. and Boeglin, W. and Bradshaw, P. and Camsonne, A. and Canan, M. and Cates, G. D. and Chen, C. and Chen, J. -P. and Chudakov, E. and De Leo, R. and Deng, X. and Deur, A. and Dutta, C. and El Fassi, L. and Flay, D. and Frullani, S. and Garibaldi, F. and Gao, H. and Gilad, S. and Gilman, R. and Glamazdin, O. and Golge, S. and Gomez, J. and Hansen, J. -O. and Holmstrom, T. and Huang, J. and Ibrahim, H. and de Jager, C. W. and Jensen, E. and Jiang, X. and Jones, M. and Kang, H. and Katich, J. and Khanal, H. P. and King, P. and Korsch, W. and LeRose, J. and Lindgren, R. and Lu, H. -J. and Luo, W. and Markowitz, P. and Meekins, D. and Meziane, M. and Michaels, R. and Moffit, B. and Monaghan, P. and Muangma, N. and Nanda, S. and Norum, B. E. and Pan, K. and Parno, D. and Piasetzky, E. and Posik, M. and Punjabi, V. and Puckett, A. J.  R. and Qian, X. and Qiang, Y. and Qui, X. and Riordan, S. and Saha, A. and Sawatzky, B. and Shabestari, M. and Shahinyan, A. and Shoenrock, B. and John, J. St. and Subedi, R. and Tobias, W. A. and Tireman, W. and Urciuoli, G. M. and Wang, D. and Wang, K. and Wang, Y. and Watson, J. and Wojtsekhowski, B. and Ye, Z. and Zhan, X. and Zhang, Y. and Zheng, X. and Zhao, B. and Zhu, L.},

  abstractNote = {Background: Measurements of the neutron charge form factor, G$n\atop{E}$, are challenging because the neutron has no net charge. Additionally, measurements of the neutron form factors must use nuclear targets which require accurately accounting for nuclear effects. Extracting G$n\atop{E}$ with different targets and techniques provides an important test of our handling of these effects. Purpose: The goal of the measurement was to use an inclusive asymmetry measurement technique to extract the neutron charge form factor at a four-momentum transfer of 1 (GeV/c)2. This technique has very different systematic uncertainties than traditional exclusive measurements and thus serves as an independent check of whether nuclear effects have been taken into account correctly. Method: The inclusive quasielastic reaction 3$→\atop{He}$ ($→\atop{e}$, e') was measured at Jefferson Laboratory. The neutron electric form factor, G$n\atop{E}$, was extracted at Q2 = 0.98 ( GeV/c)2 from ratios of electron-polarization asymmetries measured for two orthogonal target spin orientations. This Q2 is high enough that the sensitivity to G$n\atop{E}$ is not overwhelmed by the neutron magnetic contribution, and yet low enough that explicit neutron detection is not required to suppress pion production. Results: The neutron electric form factor, G$n\atop{E}$, was determined to be 0.0414 ± 0.0077 ( stat ) ± 0.0022 ( syst ), providing the first high-precision inclusive extraction of the neutron's charge form factor. In conclusion: The use of the inclusive quasielastic 3$→\atop{He}$ ($→\atop{e}$, e') with a four-momentum transfer near 1 (GeV/c)2 has been used to provide a unique measurement of G$n\atop{E}$. This new result provides a systematically independent validation of the exclusive extraction technique results and implies that the nuclear corrections are understood. This is contrary to the proton form factor where asymmetry and differential cross section measurements have been shown to have large systematic differences.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevC.96.065206},

  journal      = {Physical Review C},

  number       = 6,

  volume       = 96,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2017},

  month        = {12}

}

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TABLE I: Parallel ( A‖ ) and transverse (A⊥) asymmetries near the quasi-elastic peak versus xB. The format for the asymmetries follows central value ± statistical uncertainty ± systematic uncertainty.

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A Precision Measurement of the Transverse Asymmetry A_T from Quasi-elastic ³He(e,e') process, and the Neutron Magnetic Form Factor GNM at low Q²

Thesis/Dissertation Xu, Wang

Electromagnetic form factors are fundamental quantities in describing the underlying electromagnetic structure of nucleons. While proton electromagnetic form factors have been determined with good precision, neutron form factors are known poorly, largely due to the lack of free neutron targets. Jefferson Lab Hall A experiment E95-001, a ''precise measurement of the transverse asymmetry A_T' from the quasielastic ³He(e, e') process,'' was therefore designed to determine precisely the neutron magnetic form factor, Gmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/824957

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Precise measurement of the neutron magnetic form factor from quasielastic {sup 3}{rvec H}e({rvec e},e`)

Conference Gao, H

Polarized {sup 3}He targets have proven to be a useful tool for studying the electric and magnetic form factors of the neutron, and the spin structure of the neutron. The neutron magnetic form factor at low Q{sup 2} was determined previously at MIT-Bates from the quasielastic {sup 3}{ital {rvec H}e({rvec e}, e{sup `})} process. New experiment was planned at TJNAF to systematically measure the inclusive {sup 3}He quasielastic transverse asymmetry, A{sub T{sup `}}, at Q{sup 2} = 0.1 - 0.5 (GeV/c){sup 2} with high statistical and systematic accuracy. A 2% statistical uncertainty is aimed at all the pro- posed valuesmore »« less
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Measurements of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at Q²=0.45 and 1.13 (GeV/c)²

Thesis/Dissertation Tajima, Shigeyuki

Precise measurements of the electric form factor of the neutron, Gn E, over a wide range of the square of the four-momentum transfer, Q², are important for understanding nucleon and nuclear electromagnetic structure. In the non-relativistic limit, the electric and magnetic form factors are related to the charge and magnetization distribution inside a nucleon, respectively. The measured values of the form factors also serve as an important test for nucleon models. Among the four nucleon form factors, the electric form factor of the neutron, Gn E, is the most difficult one to measure and therefore has been very poorly knownmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/887109

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The ^2H(e,e'p)n Reaction at High Four-Momentum Transfer

Thesis/Dissertation Ibrahim, Hassan

This dissertation presents the highest four-momentum transfer, Q^2,quasielastic (x_Bj = 1) results from Experiment E01-020 which systematically explored the 2He(e,e'p)n reaction ("Electro-disintegration" of the deuteron) at three different four-momentum transfers, Q^2 = 0.8, 2.1, and 3.5 GeV^2 and missing momenta, P_miss = 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 GeV including separations of the longitudinal-transverse interference response function, R_LT, and extractoin of the longitudinal-transverse asymmetry, A_LT. This systematic approach will help to understand the reaction mechanism and the deuteron structure down to the short range part of the nucleon-nucleon interaction which is one of the fundamental missions of nuclear physics.more »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/917020

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The Neutron Charge Form Factor at Low Q2

Journal Article Alarcon, R ; Geis, E ; Kohl, M ; ... - AIP Conference Proceedings

Measurement of the charge form factor of the neutron G{sub E}{sup n} presents a sensitive test of nucleon models and QCD-inspired theories. In particular, the pion cloud is expected to play a dominant role in the low-momentum transfer region of G{sub E}{sup n}. At the MIT-Bates Linear Accelerator Center, G{sub E}{sup n} has been measured by means of (e,e') quasielastic scattering of polarized electrons from vector-polarized deuterium. The experiment used the longitudinally polarized stored electron beam of the MIT-Bates South Hall Ring along with an isotopically pure, highly vector-polarized internal atomic deuterium target provided by an atomic beam source. Themore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2220256

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Title: Extraction of the neutron electric form factor from measurements of inclusive double spin asymmetries

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Measurement of the electric form factor of the neutron at Q2 = 0.3-0.8 (GeV/ c) 2 ⋆ journal, January 2005

Measurements of the neutron electric to magnetic form factor ratio G En / G Mn via the H 2 ( e → , e ' n → ) H 1 reaction to Q 2 = 1.45 (GeV/ c ) 2 journal, February 2006

He 3 Spin-Dependent Cross Sections and Sum Rules journal, July 2008

Determination of the neutron electric form factor from the reaction 3 He(e,e'n) at medium momentum transfer journal, November 1999

The neutron charge form factor and target analyzing powers from 3He(e→,e′n) scattering journal, July 2003

G E p / G M p Ratio by Polarization Transfer in e → p → e p → journal, February 2000

Radiative Corrections to Elastic and Inelastic ep and up Scattering journal, January 1969

Considerations of polarization in inclusive electron scattering from nuclei journal, July 1986

Realistic transverse images of the proton charge and magnetization densities journal, January 2011

The G0 experiment: Apparatus for parity-violating electron scattering measurements at forward and backward angles journal, August 2011

Quasielastic Scattering of Polarized Electrons from Polarized He 3 and Measurement of the Neutron's Form Factors journal, May 1992

Electron scattering at 4° with energies of 4.5-20 GeV journal, October 1975

Determination of the neutron electric form factor in quasielastic scattering of polarized electrons from polarized He 3 journal, August 1991

Plane-wave impulse approximation extraction of the neutron magnetic form factor from quasielastic 3 He → ( e → , e ′ ) at Q 2 = 0.3 to 0.6 ( GeV / c ) 2 journal, January 2003

Precise Measurement of the Neutron Magnetic Form Factor G M n in the Few- GeV 2 Region journal, May 2009

Measurement of the Neutron Electric Form Factor G E , n in the Quasifree H 2 ( e → , e ′ n → ) p Reaction journal, July 1999

Transverse-Longitudinal Asymmetry in the Quasielastic He → 3 ( e → , e ′ ) Reaction journal, January 1995

Hybrid Spin-Exchange Optical Pumping of H e 3 journal, September 2003

Measurement of the Neutron Electric to Magnetic Form Factor Ratio at Q 2 = 1.58 GeV 2 Using the Reaction He → 3 ( e → , e ′ n ) p p journal, September 2013

Basic instrumentation for Hall A at Jefferson Lab journal, April 2004

Determination of the neutron electric form factor in the D(e,e′n)p reaction and the influence of nuclear binding journal, June 1999

Global analysis of proton elastic form factor data with two-photon exchange corrections journal, September 2007

Measurements of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron up to Q 2 = 3.4 GeV 2 Using the Reaction 3 He → ( e → , e ′ n ) p p journal, December 2010

Development of high-performance alkali-hybrid polarized He 3 targets for electron scattering journal, May 2015

Simple parametrization of nucleon form factors journal, December 2004

Charge Form Factor of the Neutron from the Reaction 2 H → ( e → , e ′ n ) p journal, June 1999

The deuteron A(Q2) structure function and the neutron electric form factor journal, April 1990

Measurement of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at Q 2 = 0.5 and 1.0 G e V 2 / c 2 journal, January 2004

Extraction of electromagnetic neutron form factors through inclusive and exclusive polarized electron scattering on a polarized 3 He target journal, February 2001

Scattering of polarized electrons from polarized targets: Coincidence reactions and prescriptions for polarized half-off-shell single-nucleon cross sections journal, April 1993

Toward precision polarimetry of dense polarized 3He targets journal, January 1998

Charge Form Factor of the Neutron at Low Momentum Transfer from the H → 2 ( e → , e ′ n ) H 1 Reaction journal, July 2008

Elastic electron-deuteron scattering and the electric neutron form factor at four-momentum transfers 5 fm−2 < q2 < 14 fm−2 journal, January 1971

Interpretation of y Scaling of the Nuclear Response journal, October 1999

Neutron electromagnetic form factors and inclusive scattering of polarized electrons by polarized 3He and 3H targets journal, July 1997

Final state interaction in quasi-elastic electron scattering by nuclei and y scaling journal, December 1991

Off-shell electron-nucleon cross sections journal, January 1983

Quasielastic Scattering of Polarized Electrons from Polarized He 3 and Measurement of the Neutron's Form Factors journal, July 1992

Elastic Electron-Deuteron Scattering and the Electric Neutron Form Factor at Four-Momentum Transfers 5 fm⁻² < q² < 14 fm⁻² text, January 1971

Measurement of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at Q^2 = 0.3-0.8 (GeV/c)^2 text, January 2004

Neutron electromagnetic form factors and inclusive scattering of polarized electrons by polarized $^{3}$He and $^{3}$H targets text, January 1997

Measurement of the electric form factor of the neutron at Q2 = 0.3-0.8 (GeV/ c) 2 ⋆
journal, January 2005

Measurements of the neutron electric to magnetic form factor ratio $G_{En} / G_{Mn}$ via the ${}^{2}H$ $(\vec{e}, e^{'} \vec{n})$ ${}^{1}H$ reaction to $Q^{2} = 1.45$ (GeV/ $c)^{2}$
journal, February 2006

${}^{3}{He}$ Spin-Dependent Cross Sections and Sum Rules
journal, July 2008

Determination of the neutron electric form factor from the reaction 3 He(e,e'n) at medium momentum transfer
journal, November 1999

The neutron charge form factor and target analyzing powers from 3He(e→,e′n) scattering
journal, July 2003

$G_{E_{p}} / G_{M_{p}}$ Ratio by Polarization Transfer in $\vec{e} p \to e \vec{p}$
journal, February 2000

Radiative Corrections to Elastic and Inelastic $ep$ and $up$ Scattering
journal, January 1969

Considerations of polarization in inclusive electron scattering from nuclei
journal, July 1986

Realistic transverse images of the proton charge and magnetization densities
journal, January 2011

The G0 experiment: Apparatus for parity-violating electron scattering measurements at forward and backward angles
journal, August 2011

Quasielastic Scattering of Polarized Electrons from Polarized ${He}^{3}$ and Measurement of the Neutron's Form Factors
journal, May 1992

Electron scattering at 4° with energies of 4.5-20 GeV
journal, October 1975

Determination of the neutron electric form factor in quasielastic scattering of polarized electrons from polarized ${}^{3}{He}$
journal, August 1991

Plane-wave impulse approximation extraction of the neutron magnetic form factor from quasielastic $^{3} He \to (\vec{e} {, e}^{'})$ at $Q^{2} = 0.3$ to $0.6 (GeV {/ c)}^{2}$
journal, January 2003

Precise Measurement of the Neutron Magnetic Form Factor $G_{M}^{n}$ in the Few- ${GeV}^{2}$ Region
journal, May 2009

Measurement of the Neutron Electric Form Factor $G_{E, n}$ in the Quasifree ${}^{2}H (\vec{e}, e^{'} \vec{n}) p$ Reaction
journal, July 1999

Transverse-Longitudinal Asymmetry in the Quasielastic ${}^{3}{\vec{He}} (\vec{e}, e^{'})$ Reaction
journal, January 1995

Hybrid Spin-Exchange Optical Pumping of ${}^{3}{H e}$
journal, September 2003

Measurement of the Neutron Electric to Magnetic Form Factor Ratio at $Q^{2} = 1.58 {GeV}^{2}$ Using the Reaction ${}^{3}{\vec{He}} (\vec{e}, e^{'} n) p p$
journal, September 2013

Basic instrumentation for Hall A at Jefferson Lab
journal, April 2004

Determination of the neutron electric form factor in the D(e,e′n)p reaction and the influence of nuclear binding
journal, June 1999

Global analysis of proton elastic form factor data with two-photon exchange corrections
journal, September 2007

Measurements of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron up to $Q^{2} = 3.4 {GeV}^{2}$ Using the Reaction $^{3} \vec{He} (\vec{e}, e^{'} n) p p$
journal, December 2010

Development of high-performance alkali-hybrid polarized ${}^{3}{He}$ targets for electron scattering
journal, May 2015

Simple parametrization of nucleon form factors
journal, December 2004

Charge Form Factor of the Neutron from the Reaction $^{2} \vec{H} (\vec{e}, e^{'} n) p$
journal, June 1999

The deuteron A(Q2) structure function and the neutron electric form factor
journal, April 1990

Measurement of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at $Q^{2} = 0.5$ and $1.0 {G e V}^{2} / c^{2}$
journal, January 2004

Extraction of electromagnetic neutron form factors through inclusive and exclusive polarized electron scattering on a polarized $^{3} He$ target
journal, February 2001

Scattering of polarized electrons from polarized targets: Coincidence reactions and prescriptions for polarized half-off-shell single-nucleon cross sections
journal, April 1993

Toward precision polarimetry of dense polarized 3He targets
journal, January 1998

Charge Form Factor of the Neutron at Low Momentum Transfer from the ${}^{2}{\vec{H}} (\vec{e}, e^{'} n) {}^{1}H$ Reaction
journal, July 2008

Elastic electron-deuteron scattering and the electric neutron form factor at four-momentum transfers 5 fm−2 < q2 < 14 fm−2
journal, January 1971

Interpretation of $y$ Scaling of the Nuclear Response
journal, October 1999

Neutron electromagnetic form factors and inclusive scattering of polarized electrons by polarized 3He and 3H targets
journal, July 1997

Final state interaction in quasi-elastic electron scattering by nuclei and y scaling
journal, December 1991

Off-shell electron-nucleon cross sections
journal, January 1983

Quasielastic Scattering of Polarized Electrons from Polarized ${}^{3}{He}$ and Measurement of the Neutron's Form Factors
journal, July 1992

Elastic Electron-Deuteron Scattering and the Electric Neutron Form Factor at Four-Momentum Transfers 5 fm⁻² < q² < 14 fm⁻²
text, January 1971

Measurement of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at Q^2 = 0.3-0.8 (GeV/c)^2
text, January 2004

Neutron electromagnetic form factors and inclusive scattering of polarized electrons by polarized $^{3}$He and $^{3}$H targets
text, January 1997