The Formation of Rapidly Rotating Black Holes in High-mass X-Ray Binaries
Abstract
In this paper, high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXRBs), such as Cygnus X-1, host some of the most rapidly spinning black holes (BHs) known to date, reaching spin parameters $$a\gtrsim 0.84$$. However, there are several effects that can severely limit the maximum BH spin parameter that could be obtained from direct collapse, such as tidal synchronization, magnetic core-envelope coupling, and mass loss. Here, we propose an alternative scenario where the BH is produced by a failed supernova (SN) explosion that is unable to unbind the stellar progenitor. A large amount of fallback material ensues, whose interaction with the secondary naturally increases its overall angular momentum content, and therefore the spin of the BH when accreted. Through SPH hydrodynamic simulations, we studied the unsuccessful explosion of an $$8\,{M}_{\odot }$$ pre-SN star in a close binary with a $$12\,{M}_{\odot }$$ companion with an orbital period of ≈1.2 days, finding that it is possible to obtain a BH with a high spin parameter $$a\gtrsim 0.8$$ even when the expected spin parameter from direct collapse is $$a\lesssim 0.3$$. This scenario also naturally explains the atmospheric metal pollution observed in HMXRB stellar companions.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[2]
- Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States)
- The Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States); Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1414154
- Report Number(s):
- LA-UR-17-23215
Journal ID: ISSN 2041-8213; TRN: US1800676
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-06NA25396
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online); Journal Volume: 846; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-8213
- Publisher:
- Institute of Physics (IOP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; binaries: close; supernovae: general
Citation Formats
Batta, Aldo, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, and Fryer, Chris Lee. The Formation of Rapidly Rotating Black Holes in High-mass X-Ray Binaries. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa8506.
Batta, Aldo, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, & Fryer, Chris Lee. The Formation of Rapidly Rotating Black Holes in High-mass X-Ray Binaries. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa8506
Batta, Aldo, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, and Fryer, Chris Lee. Fri .
"The Formation of Rapidly Rotating Black Holes in High-mass X-Ray Binaries". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa8506. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1414154.
@article{osti_1414154,
title = {The Formation of Rapidly Rotating Black Holes in High-mass X-Ray Binaries},
author = {Batta, Aldo and Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico and Fryer, Chris Lee},
abstractNote = {In this paper, high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXRBs), such as Cygnus X-1, host some of the most rapidly spinning black holes (BHs) known to date, reaching spin parameters $a\gtrsim 0.84$. However, there are several effects that can severely limit the maximum BH spin parameter that could be obtained from direct collapse, such as tidal synchronization, magnetic core-envelope coupling, and mass loss. Here, we propose an alternative scenario where the BH is produced by a failed supernova (SN) explosion that is unable to unbind the stellar progenitor. A large amount of fallback material ensues, whose interaction with the secondary naturally increases its overall angular momentum content, and therefore the spin of the BH when accreted. Through SPH hydrodynamic simulations, we studied the unsuccessful explosion of an $8\,{M}_{\odot }$ pre-SN star in a close binary with a $12\,{M}_{\odot }$ companion with an orbital period of ≈1.2 days, finding that it is possible to obtain a BH with a high spin parameter $a\gtrsim 0.8$ even when the expected spin parameter from direct collapse is $a\lesssim 0.3$. This scenario also naturally explains the atmospheric metal pollution observed in HMXRB stellar companions.},
doi = {10.3847/2041-8213/aa8506},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online)},
number = 2,
volume = 846,
place = {United States},
year = {2017},
month = {9}
}
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