Deformation behavior of additively manufactured GP1 stainless steel
Abstract
In-situ neutron diffraction measurements were performed in this paper during heat-treating and uniaxial loading of additively manufactured (AM) GP1 material. Although the measured chemical composition of the GP1 powder falls within the composition specifications of 17-4 PH steel, a fully martensitic alloy in the wrought condition, the crystal structure of the as-built GP1 material is fully austenitic. Chemical analysis of the as-built material shows high oxygen and nitrogen content, which then significantly decreased after heat-treating in a vacuum furnace at 650 °C for one hour. Significant austenite-to-martensite phase transformation is observed during compressive and tensile loading of the as-built and heat-treated material with accompanied strengthening as martensite volume fraction increases. During loading, the initial average phase stress state in the martensite is hydrostatic compression independent of the loading direction. Finally, preferred orientation transformation in austenite and applied load accommodation by variant selection in martensite are observed via measurements of the texture development.
- Authors:
-
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States). Metallurgical and Materials Engineering
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1412890
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1415899
- Report Number(s):
- LA-UR-16-28925
Journal ID: ISSN 0921-5093; TRN: US1800396
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-06NA25396
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Materials Science and Engineering. A, Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructure and Processing
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 696; Journal ID: ISSN 0921-5093
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; neutron diffraction; additive manufacturing; stainless steel; in-situ loading; phase transformation
Citation Formats
Clausen, B., Brown, D. W., Carpenter, J. S., Clarke, K. D., Clarke, A. J., Vogel, S. C., Bernardin, J. D., Spernjak, D., and Thompson, J. M. Deformation behavior of additively manufactured GP1 stainless steel. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.msea.2017.04.081.
Clausen, B., Brown, D. W., Carpenter, J. S., Clarke, K. D., Clarke, A. J., Vogel, S. C., Bernardin, J. D., Spernjak, D., & Thompson, J. M. Deformation behavior of additively manufactured GP1 stainless steel. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2017.04.081
Clausen, B., Brown, D. W., Carpenter, J. S., Clarke, K. D., Clarke, A. J., Vogel, S. C., Bernardin, J. D., Spernjak, D., and Thompson, J. M. Sat .
"Deformation behavior of additively manufactured GP1 stainless steel". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2017.04.081. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1412890.
@article{osti_1412890,
title = {Deformation behavior of additively manufactured GP1 stainless steel},
author = {Clausen, B. and Brown, D. W. and Carpenter, J. S. and Clarke, K. D. and Clarke, A. J. and Vogel, S. C. and Bernardin, J. D. and Spernjak, D. and Thompson, J. M.},
abstractNote = {In-situ neutron diffraction measurements were performed in this paper during heat-treating and uniaxial loading of additively manufactured (AM) GP1 material. Although the measured chemical composition of the GP1 powder falls within the composition specifications of 17-4 PH steel, a fully martensitic alloy in the wrought condition, the crystal structure of the as-built GP1 material is fully austenitic. Chemical analysis of the as-built material shows high oxygen and nitrogen content, which then significantly decreased after heat-treating in a vacuum furnace at 650 °C for one hour. Significant austenite-to-martensite phase transformation is observed during compressive and tensile loading of the as-built and heat-treated material with accompanied strengthening as martensite volume fraction increases. During loading, the initial average phase stress state in the martensite is hydrostatic compression independent of the loading direction. Finally, preferred orientation transformation in austenite and applied load accommodation by variant selection in martensite are observed via measurements of the texture development.},
doi = {10.1016/j.msea.2017.04.081},
journal = {Materials Science and Engineering. A, Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructure and Processing},
number = ,
volume = 696,
place = {United States},
year = {Sat Apr 22 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Sat Apr 22 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 32 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Laser additive manufacturing of metallic components: materials, processes and mechanisms
journal, May 2012
- Gu, D. D.; Meiners, W.; Wissenbach, K.
- International Materials Reviews, Vol. 57, Issue 3, p. 133-164
Microstructure and performance optimisation of stainless steel formed by laser additive manufacturing
journal, February 2016
- Li, J.; Deng, D.; Hou, X.
- Materials Science and Technology, Vol. 32, Issue 12
Study of mechanical properties of AISI 316 stainless steel processed by “selective laser melting”, following different manufacturing strategies
journal, April 2010
- Tolosa, Itziar; Garciandía, Fermín; Zubiri, Fidel
- The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 51, Issue 5-8
Additive Manufacturing of 17-4 PH Stainless Steel: Post-processing Heat Treatment to Achieve Uniform Reproducible Microstructure
journal, December 2015
- Cheruvathur, Sudha; Lass, Eric A.; Campbell, Carelyn E.
- JOM, Vol. 68, Issue 3
Laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing of metals; physics, computational, and materials challenges
journal, December 2015
- King, W. E.; Anderson, A. T.; Ferencz, R. M.
- Applied Physics Reviews, Vol. 2, Issue 4
Residual Stress Characterization in a Dissimilar Metal Weld Nuclear Reactor Piping System Mock Up
journal, June 2013
- Kerr, Matthew; Prime, Michael B.; Swenson, Hunter
- Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, Vol. 135, Issue 4
Neutron diffraction measurements of residual stress in additively manufactured stainless steel
journal, December 2016
- Brown, D. W.; Bernardin, J. D.; Carpenter, J. S.
- Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 678
Effect of processing parameters on microstructure and tensile properties of austenitic stainless steel 304L made by directed energy deposition additive manufacturing
journal, May 2016
- Wang, Zhuqing; Palmer, Todd A.; Beese, Allison M.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 110
Aging reactions in a 17-4 PH stainless steel
journal, March 2002
- Hsiao, C. N.; Chiou, C. S.; Yang, J. R.
- Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 74, Issue 2
A comparison of dilatometry and in-situ neutron diffraction in tracking bulk phase transformations in a martensitic stainless steel
journal, August 2013
- Christien, F.; Telling, M. T. F.; Knight, K. S.
- Materials Characterization, Vol. 82
Kinetics of strain-induced martensitic nucleation
journal, April 1975
- Olson, G. B.; Cohen, Morris
- Metallurgical Transactions A, Vol. 6, Issue 4
Effect of retained austenite on the microstructure and mechanical properties of martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steel
journal, August 1999
- Nakagawa, H.; Miyazaki, T.
- Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 34, Issue 16, p. 3901-3908
Effect of the loading mode on the evolution of the deformation mechanisms in randomly textured magnesium polycrystals – Comparison of experimental and modeling results
journal, September 2015
- Máthis, K.; Csiszár, G.; Čapek, J.
- International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 72
Dislocation structure in different texture components determined by neutron diffraction line profile analysis in a highly textured Zircaloy-2 rolled plate
journal, March 2015
- Ungár, Tamás; Holden, Thomas M.; Jóni, Bertalan
- Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 48, Issue 2
In Situ Neutron Diffraction Studies of Large Monotonic Deformations of Superelastic Nitinol
journal, May 2015
- Stebner, Aaron P.; Paranjape, Harshad M.; Clausen, Bjørn
- Shape Memory and Superelasticity, Vol. 1, Issue 2
Strain partitioning in ultra-fine grained medium-manganese transformation induced plasticity steel
journal, July 2014
- Gibbs, P. J.; De Cooman, B. C.; Brown, D. W.
- Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 609
An in-situ neutron diffraction study of a multi-phase transformation and twinning-induced plasticity steel during cyclic loading
journal, April 2015
- Saleh, Ahmed A.; Brown, Donald W.; Pereloma, Elena V.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 17
SMARTS - a spectrometer for strain measurement in engineering materials
journal, December 2002
- Bourke, M. A. M.; Dunand, D. C.; Ustundag, E.
- Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing, Vol. 74, Issue 0
Development of intergranular thermal residual stresses in beryllium during cooling from processing temperatures
journal, February 2009
- Brown, D. W.; Sisneros, T. A.; Clausen, B.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 57, Issue 4
Quantitative texture analysis with the HIPPO neutron TOF diffractometer
journal, May 2005
- Matthies, S.; Pehl, J.; Wenk, H. -R.
- Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 38, Issue 3
A six-axis robotic sample changer for high-throughput neutron powder diffraction and texture measurements
journal, November 2014
- Losko, Adrian S.; Vogel, Sven C.; Reiche, H. Matthias
- Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 47, Issue 6
A profile refinement method for nuclear and magnetic structures
journal, June 1969
- Rietveld, H. M.
- Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 2, Issue 2, p. 65-71
Rietveld refinement with spallation neutron powder diffraction data
journal, December 1982
- Von Dreele, R. B.; Jorgensen, J. D.; Windsor, C. G.
- Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 15, Issue 6
The determination of a continuum mechanics equivalent elastic strain from the analysis of multiple diffraction peaks
journal, October 2004
- Daymond, Mark R.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 96, Issue 8
Effect of reinforcement shape on physical properties and representative volume element of particles-reinforced composites: Statistical and numerical approaches
journal, April 2015
- El Moumen, A.; Kanit, T.; Imad, A.
- Mechanics of Materials, Vol. 83
Large Strain Deformation in Uranium 6 Wt Pct Niobium
journal, November 2011
- Tupper, Catherine N.; Brown, Don W.; Field, Robert D.
- Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 43, Issue 2
Metallurgy of high-silicon steel parts produced using Selective Laser Melting
journal, May 2016
- Garibaldi, Michele; Ashcroft, Ian; Simonelli, Marco
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 110
Steel showing twinning-induced plasticity processed by selective laser melting — An additively manufactured high performance material
journal, November 2013
- Niendorf, T.; Brenne, F.
- Materials Characterization, Vol. 85
Microstructural and micromechanical characterization of IN718 theta shaped specimens built with electron beam melting
journal, April 2016
- Cakmak, Ercan; Kirka, Michael M.; Watkins, Thomas R.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 108
Ductility of a Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy produced by selective laser melting of prealloyed powders
journal, October 2010
- Facchini, Luca; Magalini, Emanuele; Robotti, Pierfrancesco
- Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 16, Issue 6
Metastable Austenite in 17-4 Precipitation-Hardening Stainless Steel Produced by Selective Laser Melting
journal, March 2010
- Facchini, Luca; Vicente, Nério; Lonardelli, Ivan
- Advanced Engineering Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 3
Neutron diffraction measurement of residual stresses in Al-clad U–10Mo fuel plates
journal, June 2016
- Brown, D. W.; Okuniewski, M. A.; Clausen, B.
- Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 474
Research on Increasing the Nitrogen Removal Efficiency by Changing the Secondary Treatment Parameters
journal, August 2014
- Ardelean, Erika; Ardelean, Marius; Hepuț, Teodor
- Solid State Phenomena, Vol. 216
Effect of external loading on the martensitic transformation – A phase field study
journal, December 2013
- Malik, Amer; Amberg, Gustav; Borgenstam, Annika
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 61, Issue 20
The self accommodating martensitic microstructure of NiTi shape memory alloys
journal, December 1997
- Madangopal, K.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 45, Issue 12
Effect of Stress on Variant Selection in Lath Martensite in Low-carbon Steel
journal, January 2013
- Mishiro, Yamato; Nambu, Shoichi; Inoue, Junya
- ISIJ International, Vol. 53, Issue 8
In situ neutron diffraction studies of martensitic transformations in NiTi polycrystals under tension and compression stress
journal, July 2004
- Šittner, P.; Lukáš, P.; Novák, V.
- Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 378, Issue 1-2
Texture, strain, and phase-fraction measurements during mechanical cycling in superelastic NiTi
journal, March 2001
- Vaidyanathan, R.; Bourke, M. A. M.; Dunand, D. C.
- Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 32, Issue 13
In Situ Neutron Diffraction Study of the Influence of Microstructure on the Mechanical Response of Additively Manufactured 304L Stainless Steel
journal, October 2017
- Brown, D. W.; Adams, D. P.; Balogh, L.
- Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 48, Issue 12
Works referencing / citing this record:
Microstructure and mechanical properties of direct metal laser–sintered 15-5PH steel with different solution annealing heat treatments
journal, November 2019
- Alafaghani, Ala’aldin; Qattawi, Ala; Jaman, Md Shah
- The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 105, Issue 7-8
Additively Manufactured Nitrogen-Atomized 17-4 PH Stainless Steel with Mechanical Properties Comparable to Wrought
journal, February 2019
- Lass, Eric A.; Stoudt, Mark R.; Williams, Maureen E.
- Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 50, Issue 4