The influence of leaf size and shape on leaf thermal dynamics: does theory hold up under natural conditions?

Leigh, A.; Sevanto, Sanna Annika; Close, J. D.; Nicotra, A. B.

doi:10.1111/pce.12857

Title: The influence of leaf size and shape on leaf thermal dynamics: does theory hold up under natural conditions?

Abstract

Laboratory studies on artificial leaves suggest that leaf thermal dynamics are strongly influenced by the two-dimensional size and shape of leaves and associated boundary layer thickness. Hot environments are therefore said to favour selection for small, narrow or dissected leaves. Empirical evidence from real leaves under field conditions is scant and traditionally based on point measurements that do not capture spatial variation in heat load. Here in this study, we used thermal imagery under field conditions to measure the leaf thermal time constant (τ) in summer and the leaf-to-air temperature difference (ΔT) and temperature range across laminae (T_range) during winter, autumn and summer for 68 Proteaceae species. We investigated the influence of leaf area and margin complexity relative to effective leaf width (w_e), the latter being a more direct indicator of boundary layer thickness. Normalized difference of margin complexity had no or weak effects on thermal dynamics, but w_e strongly predicted τ and ΔT, whereas leaf area influenced T_range. Unlike artificial leaves, however, spatial temperature distribution in large leaves appeared to be governed largely by structural variation. Therefore, we agree that small size, specifically we, has adaptive value in hot environments but not with the idea that thermal regulation ismore »« less

Authors:

Leigh, A. ^[1];

^[2]; Close, J. D. ^[3]; Nicotra, A. B. ^[4]

Univ. of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW (Australia)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Australian National Univ., Canberra, ACT (Australia)
Australian National Univ., Canberra, ACT (Australia). Research School of Biology

Publication Date:: Sat Nov 05 00:00:00 EDT 2016

Research Org.:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; Australian Research Council

OSTI Identifier:: 1412871

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-17-27765
Journal ID: ISSN 0140-7791

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396; A00103546

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Plant, Cell and Environment

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 40; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 0140-7791

Publisher:: Wiley

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; Biological Science; Earth Sciences; boundary layer; cooling time constant; effective leaf width; infrared imagery; leaf dissection; leaf shape; leaf size; leaf temperature; thermal dynamics; heat; high light; transpiration

Citation Formats


                    Leigh, A., Sevanto, Sanna Annika, Close, J. D., and Nicotra, A. B. The influence of leaf size and shape on leaf thermal dynamics: does theory hold up under natural conditions?.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1111/pce.12857.

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                    Leigh, A., Sevanto, Sanna Annika, Close, J. D., & Nicotra, A. B. The influence of leaf size and shape on leaf thermal dynamics: does theory hold up under natural conditions?.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.12857

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                    Leigh, A., Sevanto, Sanna Annika, Close, J. D., and Nicotra, A. B. Sat .  
"The influence of leaf size and shape on leaf thermal dynamics: does theory hold up under natural conditions?".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.12857.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1412871.

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@article{osti_1412871,

  title        = {The influence of leaf size and shape on leaf thermal dynamics: does theory hold up under natural conditions?},

  author       = {Leigh, A. and Sevanto, Sanna Annika and Close, J. D. and Nicotra, A. B.},

  abstractNote = {Laboratory studies on artificial leaves suggest that leaf thermal dynamics are strongly influenced by the two-dimensional size and shape of leaves and associated boundary layer thickness. Hot environments are therefore said to favour selection for small, narrow or dissected leaves. Empirical evidence from real leaves under field conditions is scant and traditionally based on point measurements that do not capture spatial variation in heat load. Here in this study, we used thermal imagery under field conditions to measure the leaf thermal time constant (τ) in summer and the leaf-to-air temperature difference (ΔT) and temperature range across laminae (Trange) during winter, autumn and summer for 68 Proteaceae species. We investigated the influence of leaf area and margin complexity relative to effective leaf width (we), the latter being a more direct indicator of boundary layer thickness. Normalized difference of margin complexity had no or weak effects on thermal dynamics, but we strongly predicted τ and ΔT, whereas leaf area influenced Trange. Unlike artificial leaves, however, spatial temperature distribution in large leaves appeared to be governed largely by structural variation. Therefore, we agree that small size, specifically we, has adaptive value in hot environments but not with the idea that thermal regulation is the primary evolutionary driver of leaf dissection.},

  doi          = {10.1111/pce.12857},

  journal      = {Plant, Cell and Environment},

  number       = 2,

  volume       = 40,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Sat Nov 05 00:00:00 EDT 2016},

  month        = {Sat Nov 05 00:00:00 EDT 2016}

}

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Cahon, Thomas; Caillon, Robin; Pincebourde, Sylvain
Insects, Vol. 9, Issue 1
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Similar Records

Title: The influence of leaf size and shape on leaf thermal dynamics: does theory hold up under natural conditions?

Abstract

Citation Formats

The role of epidermal turgor in stomatal interactions following a local perturbation in humidity journal, June 2001

Effective Thickness and Resistance of the Air Boundary Layer Adjacent to Spherical Plant Parts journal, January 1975

Correlations of climate and plant ecology to leaf size and shape: potential proxies for the fossil record journal, July 2005

A mechanical perspective on foliage leaf form and function journal, July 1999

Wind-tunnel modelling of convection of heat between air and broad leaves of plants journal, January 1968

Evolution and Function of Leaf Venation Architecture: A Review journal, May 2001

Leaf support biomechanics of neotropical understory herbs journal, April 2004

Use of infrared thermography for monitoring stomatal closure in the field: application to grapevine journal, November 2002

Wind increases leaf water use efficiency: Wind increases leaf water use efficiency journal, February 2016

Stomatal conductance and xylem sap properties of aspen (Populus tremuloides) in response to low soil temperature journal, September 2004

Do thick leaves avoid thermal damage in critically low wind speeds? journal, February 2012

Interactions between water stress, sun-shade acclimation, heat tolerance and photoinhibition in the sclerophyll Heteromeles arbutifolia journal, January 1997

Optimal Leaf Form book, January 1975

Temperature and Transpiration Resistances of Xanthium Leaves as Affected by Air Temperature, Humidity, and Wind Speed journal, August 1970

Uncertainty in Palaeoclimatic Reconstructions Based on Leaf Physiognomy journal, January 1997

Ecophysiological significance of leaf size variation in Proteaceae from the Cape Floristic Region journal, December 2009

Leaf shape linked to photosynthetic rates and temperature optima in South African Pelargonium species journal, October 2007

Dependence of stomatal conductance on leaf chlorophyll concentration and meteorological variables journal, September 2005

Photosynthetic Organs of Desert Plants journal, November 1998

Environmental and physiological regulation of transpiration in tropical forest gap species: the influence of boundary layer and hydraulic properties journal, January 1995

Structural and hydraulic correlates of heterophylly in Ginkgo biloba journal, September 2010

Water relations and hydraulic control of stomatal behaviour in bell pepper plant in partial soil drying journal, February 2001

Leaf Demography, Sclerophylly and Ecophysiology of Two Banksias With Contrasting Leaf Life Spans journal, January 1992

Tansley Review No. 59 Leaf boundary layers journal, November 1993

The effect of leaf-lobing on the interception of direct solar radiation journal, March 1989

The Boundary Layer over a Populus Leaf journal, January 1976

Temperatures of Desert Plants: Another Perspective on the Adaptability of Leaf Size journal, August 1978

Boundary layer properties of highly dissected leaves: an investigation using an electrochemical fluid tunnel journal, November 1990

Do we Underestimate the Importance of Leaf Size in Plant Economics? Disproportional Scaling of Support Costs Within the Spectrum of Leaf Physiognomy journal, June 2007

Are compound-leaved woody species inherently shade-intolerant? An analysis of species ecological requirements and foliar support costs journal, January 1998

Optimal Leaf Size in Relation to Environment journal, July 1972

Heat Transfer Between the Plant and the Environment journal, June 1960

On the Adaptive Significance of Leaf Form book, January 1979

Convective Cooling at Low Airspeeds and the Shapes of Broad Leaves journal, January 1970

Transpiration and Leaf Temperature journal, June 1968

Use of thermography for quantitative studies of spatial and temporal variation of stomatal conductance over leaf surfaces journal, September 1999

Boundary layer conductance for contrasting leaf shapes in a deciduous broadleaved forest canopy journal, September 2006

Leaf margin analysis of Chinese woody plants and the constraints on its application to palaeoclimatic reconstruction: Leaf margin analysis of Chinese woody plants journal, August 2016

Convective heat transfer characteristics of toothed leaves journal, June 1982

The Costs of Leaf Support in Understory Palms: Economy Versus Safety journal, January 1986

Hydraulic limitations imposed by crown placement determine final size and shape of Quercus rubra L. leaves journal, February 2004

Genecological Differentiation of leaf Morphology in Geranium Sanguineum l. journal, April 1969

Boundary layer conductance, leaf temperature and transpiration of Abies amabilis branches journal, June 1999

A Botanical Index of Cretaceous and Tertiary Climates journal, June 1915

A relationship between humidity response, growth form and photosynthetic operating point in C 3 plants journal, November 1999

The energy balance of leaves of the evergreen desert shrub Atriplex hymenelytra journal, January 1977

Leaf temperature of desert sand dune plants: perspectives on the adaptability of leaf morphology journal, March 1998

Leaf-size divergence along rainfall and soil-nutrient gradients: is the method of size reduction common among clades? journal, February 2003

Studies of forced-convection heat and mass transfer of fluttering realistic leaf models journal, March 1972

Drought resistance of Ailanthus altissima: root hydraulics and water relations journal, January 2004

The Functional Significance and Fitness Consequences of Heterophylly journal, November 1999

Which is a better predictor of plant traits: temperature or precipitation? journal, May 2014

Research note: Leaf cooling curves: measuring leaf temperature in sunlight journal, January 2006

Leaf and environmental parameters influencing transpiration: Theory and field measurements journal, September 1980

Patchy stomatal conductance: emergent collective behaviour of stomata journal, June 2000

Space and time dependence of temperature and freezing in evergreen leaves journal, January 2002

Leaf size and foraging for light in a sclerophyll woodland journal, October 2002

Boundary layer conductance of the leaves of some tropical timber trees. journal, December 1980

Leaf shape and venation pattern alter the support investments within leaf lamina in temperate species: a neglected source of leaf physiological differentiation? journal, February 2007

Leaf size and angle vary widely across species: what consequences for light interception? journal, April 2003

Heat conduction book, January 1998

Heat Conduction book, January 2011

Natural ventilation in buildings book, January 1998

Heat Conduction book, January 1972

Heat Conduction book, November 2020

N‐P utilization of Acer mono leaves at different life history stages across altitudinal gradients journal, December 2019

Leaf temperature and its dependence on atmospheric CO 2 and leaf size journal, February 2020

Contact angle measurements and water drop behavior on leaf surface for several deciduous shrub and tree species from a temperate zone journal, May 2018

Leaf shape deters plant processing by an herbivorous weevil journal, September 2019

Legume abundance along successional and rainfall gradients in Neotropical forests journal, May 2018

Triggers of tree mortality under drought journal, June 2018

Differential effects of elevation on leaf size of overstorey and understorey species in a temperate rainforest journal, December 2018

A new indicator of leaf stomatal conductance based on thermal imaging for field grown cowpea journal, June 2019

Comparison of water use efficiency and biomass production in 10-year-old Populus sibirica and Ulmus pumila plantations in Lun soum, Mongolia journal, July 2019

tealeaves: an R package for modelling leaf temperature using energy budgets journal, November 2019

Is amphistomy an adaptation to high light? Optimality models of stomatal traits along light gradients posted_content, May 2019

Being John Harper: Using evolutionary ideas to improve understanding of global patterns in plant traits journal, December 2017

The role of epidermal turgor in stomatal interactions following a local perturbation in humidity
journal, June 2001

Effective Thickness and Resistance of the Air Boundary Layer Adjacent to Spherical Plant Parts
journal, January 1975

Correlations of climate and plant ecology to leaf size and shape: potential proxies for the fossil record
journal, July 2005

A mechanical perspective on foliage leaf form and function
journal, July 1999

Wind-tunnel modelling of convection of heat between air and broad leaves of plants
journal, January 1968

Evolution and Function of Leaf Venation Architecture: A Review
journal, May 2001

Leaf support biomechanics of neotropical understory herbs
journal, April 2004

Use of infrared thermography for monitoring stomatal closure in the field: application to grapevine
journal, November 2002

Wind increases leaf water use efficiency: Wind increases leaf water use efficiency
journal, February 2016

Stomatal conductance and xylem sap properties of aspen (Populus tremuloides) in response to low soil temperature
journal, September 2004

Do thick leaves avoid thermal damage in critically low wind speeds?
journal, February 2012

Interactions between water stress, sun-shade acclimation, heat tolerance and photoinhibition in the sclerophyll Heteromeles arbutifolia
journal, January 1997

Optimal Leaf Form
book, January 1975

Temperature and Transpiration Resistances of Xanthium Leaves as Affected by Air Temperature, Humidity, and Wind Speed
journal, August 1970

Uncertainty in Palaeoclimatic Reconstructions Based on Leaf Physiognomy
journal, January 1997

Ecophysiological significance of leaf size variation in Proteaceae from the Cape Floristic Region
journal, December 2009

Leaf shape linked to photosynthetic rates and temperature optima in South African Pelargonium species
journal, October 2007

Dependence of stomatal conductance on leaf chlorophyll concentration and meteorological variables
journal, September 2005

Photosynthetic Organs of Desert Plants
journal, November 1998

Environmental and physiological regulation of transpiration in tropical forest gap species: the influence of boundary layer and hydraulic properties
journal, January 1995

Structural and hydraulic correlates of heterophylly in Ginkgo biloba
journal, September 2010

Water relations and hydraulic control of stomatal behaviour in bell pepper plant in partial soil drying
journal, February 2001

Leaf Demography, Sclerophylly and Ecophysiology of Two Banksias With Contrasting Leaf Life Spans
journal, January 1992

Tansley Review No. 59 Leaf boundary layers
journal, November 1993

The effect of leaf-lobing on the interception of direct solar radiation
journal, March 1989

The Boundary Layer over a Populus Leaf
journal, January 1976

Temperatures of Desert Plants: Another Perspective on the Adaptability of Leaf Size
journal, August 1978

Boundary layer properties of highly dissected leaves: an investigation using an electrochemical fluid tunnel
journal, November 1990

Do we Underestimate the Importance of Leaf Size in Plant Economics? Disproportional Scaling of Support Costs Within the Spectrum of Leaf Physiognomy
journal, June 2007

Are compound-leaved woody species inherently shade-intolerant? An analysis of species ecological requirements and foliar support costs
journal, January 1998

Optimal Leaf Size in Relation to Environment
journal, July 1972

Heat Transfer Between the Plant and the Environment
journal, June 1960

On the Adaptive Significance of Leaf Form
book, January 1979

Convective Cooling at Low Airspeeds and the Shapes of Broad Leaves
journal, January 1970

Transpiration and Leaf Temperature
journal, June 1968

Use of thermography for quantitative studies of spatial and temporal variation of stomatal conductance over leaf surfaces
journal, September 1999

Boundary layer conductance for contrasting leaf shapes in a deciduous broadleaved forest canopy
journal, September 2006

Leaf margin analysis of Chinese woody plants and the constraints on its application to palaeoclimatic reconstruction: Leaf margin analysis of Chinese woody plants
journal, August 2016

Convective heat transfer characteristics of toothed leaves
journal, June 1982

The Costs of Leaf Support in Understory Palms: Economy Versus Safety
journal, January 1986

Hydraulic limitations imposed by crown placement determine final size and shape of Quercus rubra L. leaves
journal, February 2004

Genecological Differentiation of leaf Morphology in Geranium Sanguineum l.
journal, April 1969

Boundary layer conductance, leaf temperature and transpiration of Abies amabilis branches
journal, June 1999

A Botanical Index of Cretaceous and Tertiary Climates
journal, June 1915

A relationship between humidity response, growth form and photosynthetic operating point in C ₃ plants
journal, November 1999

The energy balance of leaves of the evergreen desert shrub Atriplex hymenelytra
journal, January 1977

Leaf temperature of desert sand dune plants: perspectives on the adaptability of leaf morphology
journal, March 1998

Leaf-size divergence along rainfall and soil-nutrient gradients: is the method of size reduction common among clades?
journal, February 2003

Studies of forced-convection heat and mass transfer of fluttering realistic leaf models
journal, March 1972

Drought resistance of Ailanthus altissima: root hydraulics and water relations
journal, January 2004

The Functional Significance and Fitness Consequences of Heterophylly
journal, November 1999

Which is a better predictor of plant traits: temperature or precipitation?
journal, May 2014

Research note: Leaf cooling curves: measuring leaf temperature in sunlight
journal, January 2006

Leaf and environmental parameters influencing transpiration: Theory and field measurements
journal, September 1980

Patchy stomatal conductance: emergent collective behaviour of stomata
journal, June 2000

Space and time dependence of temperature and freezing in evergreen leaves
journal, January 2002

Leaf size and foraging for light in a sclerophyll woodland
journal, October 2002

Boundary layer conductance of the leaves of some tropical timber trees.
journal, December 1980

Leaf shape and venation pattern alter the support investments within leaf lamina in temperate species: a neglected source of leaf physiological differentiation?
journal, February 2007

Leaf size and angle vary widely across species: what consequences for light interception?
journal, April 2003

Heat conduction
book, January 1998

Heat Conduction
book, January 2011

Natural ventilation in buildings
book, January 1998

Heat Conduction
book, January 1972

Heat Conduction
book, November 2020

N‐P utilization of Acer mono leaves at different life history stages across altitudinal gradients
journal, December 2019

Leaf temperature and its dependence on atmospheric CO ₂ and leaf size
journal, February 2020

Contact angle measurements and water drop behavior on leaf surface for several deciduous shrub and tree species from a temperate zone
journal, May 2018

Leaf shape deters plant processing by an herbivorous weevil
journal, September 2019

Legume abundance along successional and rainfall gradients in Neotropical forests
journal, May 2018

Triggers of tree mortality under drought
journal, June 2018

Differential effects of elevation on leaf size of overstorey and understorey species in a temperate rainforest
journal, December 2018

A new indicator of leaf stomatal conductance based on thermal imaging for field grown cowpea
journal, June 2019

Comparison of water use efficiency and biomass production in 10-year-old Populus sibirica and Ulmus pumila plantations in Lun soum, Mongolia
journal, July 2019

tealeaves: an R package for modelling leaf temperature using energy budgets
journal, November 2019

Is amphistomy an adaptation to high light? Optimality models of stomatal traits along light gradients
posted_content, May 2019

Being John Harper: Using evolutionary ideas to improve understanding of global patterns in plant traits
journal, December 2017

The effects of grazing regimes on phenological stages, intervals and divergences of alpine plants on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau
journal, January 2019

Frost and leaf-size gradients in forests: global patterns and experimental evidence
journal, May 2018

Large leaves in warm, moist environments confer an advantage in seedling light interception efficiency
journal, May 2019