Assessment of off-stoichiometric Zr33-xFe52+xSi15C14 Laves phase compounds as permanent magnet materials

Gabay, A. M.; Hadjipanayis, G. C.

doi:10.1063/1.5006488

Title: Assessment of off-stoichiometric Zr_33-xFe_52+xSi₁₅C14 Laves phase compounds as permanent magnet materials

Abstract

Recently, Fe-based rare-earth-free compounds with non-cubic crystal structures were proposed as a base for permanent magnets which would not rely on critical elements. In this work, two series of alloys, Zr₂₇Fe_73-wSi_w (0 ≤ w ≤ 15) and Zr_{33- x}Fe_52+xSi₁₅ (0 ≤ x ≤ 11), were prepared and characterized after annealing at 1538 K in order to determine the fundamental magnetic properties of the C36 and C14 hexagonal Laves phase compounds. A mixture of the cubic C15 and Zr₆Fe₂₃ structures was observed instead of the expected C36 structure. The hexagonal C14 was found in all Zr_33-xFe_52+xSi₁₅ alloys with its lattice parameters linearly decreasing as the Fe(Si) atoms occupy the Zr sites in the Laves phase crystal structure. The solubility limit of Fe in the C14 structure at 1538 K corresponds to x = 9.5. The Curie temperature of the C14 compounds increases with deviation from the Laves phase stoichiometry from 290 K to 530 K. The room-temperature spontaneous magnetization also increases reaching, after correcting for the non-magnetic impurities, a value of 6.7 kG. The magnetocrystalline anisotropy of the off-stoichiometric C14 Laves phase was found to be uniaxial with the easy magnetization direction parallel to the hexagonal axis. Unfortunately, the anisotropy field,more »« less

Authors:

^[1]; Hadjipanayis, G. C. ^[1]

Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States)

Publication Date:: Mon Dec 11 00:00:00 EST 2017

Research Org.:: Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1499158

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1412626

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-90ER45413

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: AIP Advances

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 8; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 2158-3226

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Citation Formats


                    Gabay, A. M., and Hadjipanayis, G. C. Assessment of off-stoichiometric Zr33-xFe52+xSi15C14 Laves phase compounds as permanent magnet materials.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1063/1.5006488.

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                    Gabay, A. M., & Hadjipanayis, G. C. Assessment of off-stoichiometric Zr33-xFe52+xSi15C14 Laves phase compounds as permanent magnet materials.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5006488

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                    Gabay, A. M., and Hadjipanayis, G. C. Mon .  
"Assessment of off-stoichiometric Zr33-xFe52+xSi15C14 Laves phase compounds as permanent magnet materials".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5006488.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1499158.

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@article{osti_1499158,

  title        = {Assessment of off-stoichiometric Zr33-xFe52+xSi15C14 Laves phase compounds as permanent magnet materials},

  author       = {Gabay, A. M. and Hadjipanayis, G. C.},

  abstractNote = {Recently, Fe-based rare-earth-free compounds with non-cubic crystal structures were proposed as a base for permanent magnets which would not rely on critical elements. In this work, two series of alloys, Zr27Fe73-wSiw (0 ≤ w ≤ 15) and Zr33- xFe52+xSi15 (0 ≤ x ≤ 11), were prepared and characterized after annealing at 1538 K in order to determine the fundamental magnetic properties of the C36 and C14 hexagonal Laves phase compounds. A mixture of the cubic C15 and Zr6Fe23 structures was observed instead of the expected C36 structure. The hexagonal C14 was found in all Zr33-xFe52+xSi15 alloys with its lattice parameters linearly decreasing as the Fe(Si) atoms occupy the Zr sites in the Laves phase crystal structure. The solubility limit of Fe in the C14 structure at 1538 K corresponds to x = 9.5. The Curie temperature of the C14 compounds increases with deviation from the Laves phase stoichiometry from 290 K to 530 K. The room-temperature spontaneous magnetization also increases reaching, after correcting for the non-magnetic impurities, a value of 6.7 kG. The magnetocrystalline anisotropy of the off-stoichiometric C14 Laves phase was found to be uniaxial with the easy magnetization direction parallel to the hexagonal axis. Unfortunately, the anisotropy field, which does not exceed 10 kOe, is not sufficiently high to make the compounds interesting as permanent magnet materials.},

  doi          = {10.1063/1.5006488},

  journal      = {AIP Advances},

  number       = 5,

  volume       = 8,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Dec 11 00:00:00 EST 2017},

  month        = {Mon Dec 11 00:00:00 EST 2017}

}

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Figures / Tables:

FIG. 1: XRD spectra of selected Zr₂₇Fe_73-wSi_w alloys annealed at 1538 K. The C15/C14 phase boundary lies between 10 and 15 at.% Si.

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Works referenced in this record:

Experimental Investigation of Phase Equilibria in the Fe-Si-Zr Ternary System
journal, May 2013

Wang, C. P.; Hu, Y.; Yang, S. Y.
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Magnetic anisotropy — How much is enough for a permanent magnet?
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Skomski, R.; Coey, J. M. D.
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Structure and permanent magnet properties of Zr1-R Fe10Si2 alloys with R = Y, La, Ce, Pr and Sm
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Gabay, A. M.; Cabassi, R.; Fabbrici, S.
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Hard Magnetic Off-Stoichiometric (Fe,Sb) _{2+ x} Hf _{1− x} Intermetallic Phase
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Goll, D.; Gross, T.; Loeffler, R.
physica status solidi (RRL) - Rapid Research Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 9
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Development and intrinsic properties of hexagonal ferromagnetic (Zr,Ti)Fe ₂
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Zhang, W. Y.; Li, X. Z.; Valloppilly, S.
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Si-Stabilised C14 laves phases in the transition metal systems
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Mittal, R. C.; Si, S. K.; Gupta, K. P.
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Fe-Zr (iron-zirconium)
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Okamoto, H.
Journal of Phase Equilibria, Vol. 14, Issue 5
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Magnetic properties of the Laves-phase compounds Fe1−xCoxBe2
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Samata, H.; Nagata, Y.; Morita, S.
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Laves‐phase pseudobinaries A (Fe _{1− x} B _x ) ₂ ( A =Zr, Hf; B =Al, Si): Some structural and magnetic properties
journal, November 1991

Zamora, S.; da Silva, C. M.; Schmidt, J. E.
Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 70, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1063/1.349907

Structural and magnetic properties of non-stoichiometric Fe ₂ Zr
journal, August 2007

Mattern, N.; Zhang, W. X.; Roth, S.
Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 19, Issue 37
DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/19/37/376202

Works referencing / citing this record:

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Gabay, A. M.; Hadjipanayis, G. C.
AIP Advances, Vol. 9, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1063/1.5079727

Figures / Tables found in this record:

Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.

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Similar Records

Title: Assessment of off-stoichiometric Zr33-xFe52+xSi15C14 Laves phase compounds as permanent magnet materials

Abstract

Citation Formats

Figures / Tables:

Experimental Investigation of Phase Equilibria in the Fe-Si-Zr Ternary System journal, May 2013

Experimental determination of intermetallic phases, phase equilibria, and invariant reaction temperatures in the Fe-Zr system journal, December 2002

Magnetic anisotropy — How much is enough for a permanent magnet? journal, February 2016

Structure and permanent magnet properties of Zr1-R Fe10Si2 alloys with R = Y, La, Ce, Pr and Sm journal, October 2016

Hard Magnetic Off-Stoichiometric (Fe,Sb) 2+ x Hf 1− x Intermetallic Phase journal, August 2017

Development and intrinsic properties of hexagonal ferromagnetic (Zr,Ti)Fe 2 journal, May 2014

Si-Stabilised C14 laves phases in the transition metal systems journal, July 1978

Fe-Zr (iron-zirconium) journal, October 1993

Magnetic properties of the Laves-phase compounds Fe1−xCoxBe2 journal, April 2000

Laves‐phase pseudobinaries A (Fe 1− x B x ) 2 ( A =Zr, Hf; B =Al, Si): Some structural and magnetic properties journal, November 1991

Structural and magnetic properties of non-stoichiometric Fe 2 Zr journal, August 2007

Semi-hard magnetic nanocomposites based on out-of-equilibrium Fe2+δNb and Fe2+δTa Laves phases journal, March 2019

Title: Assessment of off-stoichiometric Zr_33-xFe_52+xSi₁₅C14 Laves phase compounds as permanent magnet materials

Experimental Investigation of Phase Equilibria in the Fe-Si-Zr Ternary System
journal, May 2013

Experimental determination of intermetallic phases, phase equilibria, and invariant reaction temperatures in the Fe-Zr system
journal, December 2002

Magnetic anisotropy — How much is enough for a permanent magnet?
journal, February 2016

Structure and permanent magnet properties of Zr1-R Fe10Si2 alloys with R = Y, La, Ce, Pr and Sm
journal, October 2016

Hard Magnetic Off-Stoichiometric (Fe,Sb) _{2+ x} Hf _{1− x} Intermetallic Phase
journal, August 2017

Development and intrinsic properties of hexagonal ferromagnetic (Zr,Ti)Fe ₂
journal, May 2014

Si-Stabilised C14 laves phases in the transition metal systems
journal, July 1978

Fe-Zr (iron-zirconium)
journal, October 1993

Magnetic properties of the Laves-phase compounds Fe1−xCoxBe2
journal, April 2000

Laves‐phase pseudobinaries A (Fe _{1− x} B _x ) ₂ ( A =Zr, Hf; B =Al, Si): Some structural and magnetic properties
journal, November 1991

Structural and magnetic properties of non-stoichiometric Fe ₂ Zr
journal, August 2007

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journal, March 2019